While some scientists overlook the existence of a sixth sense for danger, a new research from Washington University in St. Louis has discovered a brain area that clearly acts as an early warning system and helps us adjust our behavior to avoid dangerous situations.

"Our brains are better at picking up not obvious warning signs than we previously thought," said Joshua Brown, a PhD in psychology in the issue of the journal Science.

The findings offer exact scientific evidence for a new way to form a concept of the complex control processes taking place in and around the ACC, a brain area located near the top of the frontal lobes(耳垂) and along the walls that divide the left and right hemispheres(大腦半球).

"In the past, we found activity in the ACC when people had to make a difficult decision, or after they make a mistake," Brown said. "But now we find that this brain area can actually learn to recognize when you might make a mistake, even before a difficult decision has to be made. So the ACC appears to act as an early warning system—— it learns to warn us in advance when our behavior might lead to a negative outcome, so that we can be more careful and avoid making a mistake."

By providing a clearer picture by which we self monitor and control our behavior, the study is an important step in efforts to develop more effective treatments for mental illnesses. It also provides a new way of understanding inappropriate behaviors that often accompany mental illnesses.

"Our results suggest how injury of the ACC can lead to breakdowns in the early warning system, so that the brain fails to stop or control inappropriate behavior ahead of time," said Brown. "On the other hand, in those persons with mental disorder, the ACC might warn us of an upcoming problem even when no problem is in the existence."

Known to be an important part of the brain's control system, the ACC is believed to help adjust between cold, hard, fact-based reasoning and emotional responses, such as love, fear or expectation.

1.According to the passage, the ACC____________.

A. refers to the sixth sense for danger

B. deals with obvious warning situations

C. connects the left and right hemispheres

D. sends warning messages in advance

2.The new research is beneficial because it ________ .

A. provides a new way of avoiding mistakes

B. adjusts emotional responses in time of danger

C. helps find better treatments for mental illnesses

D. assists people in predicting and avoiding danger

3.The new research helps us understand _________.

A. why we are likely to make mistakes when the ACC is badly injured

B. why people with illnesses usually have so many strange behaviors

C. how the ACC works when something dangerous happens

D. how our brain warns us of failure in advance

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2015-2016學(xué)年福建廈門雙十中學(xué)高二上學(xué)期期中英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：完形填空

閱讀下面短文, 從短文后所給各題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中, 選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。

Cody was an outgoing black dog with a big tail. Our dog Tasha was a similar spirit. she shared the yard with Cody, they soon became fast friends.

We often saw a ball of black and white fur as they neck and neck toward some unlucky bird that had just landed in the yard. The only time I saw any between them was when we fed Tasha. Cody would jump up, to share. However, Tasha would bare her teeth and shout . Finally, Cody would slip away with his tail between her legs.

One day my husband came home quite . He had just found Cody by the side of the road, killed by a speeding truck. Tasha cleaned Cody’s smooth fur with her nose and mouth and whined(哀鳴). Over the next few weeks, Tasha was in low with her tail between her legs. She missed her old friend.

At the same time, Tasha’s food dish disappeared. We replaced it with another, to have that one disappear as well. There bowls, plates, even an old coffee can. They all disappeared. Finally, the was solved when our neighbor knocked on our door, her arms loaded with the missing dishes, some still half-full of dog .

“Are these yours?” she asked. “I saw Tasha headed toward the , so I followed her. Then I noticed all these dishes in a pile.”

, I asked, “Where were they?”

“It was right by the place where Cody .”

Could Tasha have been begging her old friend back by offering him the one thing she to give him when he was alive?

Even today, the story makes me feel sad. It me that I need to share whatever blessings I’ve received with others — before it’s too late.

1.A. Because B. While C. If D. Until

2.A. rolled B. stepped C. raced D. jumped

3.A. memory B. conflict C. scene D. communication

4.A. expecting B. promising C. pretending D. agreeing

5.A. properly B. clearly C. anxiously D. warningly

6.A. angry B. happy C. upset D. pleased

7.A. lying B. running C. wandering D. barking

8.A. white B. black C. yellow D. red

9.A. spirit B. belief C. determination D. strength

10.A. frequently B. gradually C. obviously D. entirely

11.A. even B. only C. never D. not

12.A. arrived B. supported C. covered D. followed

13.A. question B. problem C. difficulty D. mystery

14.A. hair B. food C. bones D. legs

15.A. yard B. house C. street D. road

16.A. Worried B. Frightened C. Puzzled D. Excited

17.A. ate B. played C. slept D. died

18.A. doubted B. decided C. refused D. desired

19.A. rewriting B. retelling C. hearing D. missing

20.A. reminds B. gathers C. allows D. informs

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One way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _____ good knowledge of basic word information.

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It was one of the hottest days of the dry season. We had not seen rain in almost a month. The crops were dying. Cows had stopped giving milk. The streams were long gone back into the earth. If we didn't see some rain soon we would lose everything.

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② Billy fed the water to the baby deer.

③ Billy walked towards the large deer.

④ It began to rain.

⑤ The author followed Billy into the woods.

A. ⑤③②①④ B. ③②⑤①④

C. ④①③②⑤ D. ⑤②①③④

4. Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

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The pie chart reveals the survey result concerning the after-school activities the high school students prefer.

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完形填空

閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。

After giving a talk at a high school, I was asked to pay a visit to a special student. An__________had kept the boy home, but he had expressed an interest in meeting me. I was told it would mean a great ____________ to him, so I agreed.

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When we had finished talking, I went to my briefcase and___________out the first gold medal I had won and put it around his___________. I told him he was more of a ___________ and knew more about success and conquering difficulties than I ever would. He looked at it for a moment, then took it__________and handed it back to me. He said, “You are a champion. You____________ that medal. Someday when I get to the Olympics and win my own medal, I will show it to you.” Last summer I received a ________ from Matthew's parents telling me that Matthew had___________away. They wanted me to have a letter he had written to me a few days before:

Dear Dick，

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I told you someday that I would go to the Olympics and win a gold medal, but I know now I will never get to do that.__________， I know I'm a champion, and God knows that too. When I get to Heaven, God will give me my____________and when you get there, I will show it to you. Thank you for loving me.

Your friend，

Matthew

1.A. order B. illness C. instruction D. idea

2.A. desire B. conscience C. deal D. intention

3.A. manage B. rid C. survive D. make

4.A. because B. until C. before D. though

5.A. overcoming B. overlooking C. overtaking D. overflowing

6.A. explain B. laugh C. panic D. complain

7.A. you B. us C. me D. it

8.A. Strangely B. Obviously C. Abruptly D. Occasionally

9.A. made use of B. made notes of C. made fun of D. made out of

10.A. hopes B. fears C. standards D. illusions

11.A. carried B. pulled C. sucked D. wiped

12.A. hand B. arm C. head D. neck

13.A. life?winner B. fortune?teller C. trouble?maker D. fate?challenger

14.A. in B. off C. out D. over

15.A. regained B. matched C. lost D. deserved

16.A. card B. gift C. prize D. letter

17.A. given B. passed C. faded D. run

18.A. ripe B. flexible C. long D. good

19.A. However B. But C. Thus D. Therefore

20.A. certificate B. opportunity C. picture D. medal

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完型填空

I grew up in a community called Estepona. I was 16 when one morning, Dad told me I could drive him into a ________ village called Mijas, on condition that I took the car in to be________ at a nearby garage(修理站). I readily accepted. I drove Dad into Mijas, and ________to pick him up at 4 pm, then dropped off the car at the ________ . With several hours to spare, I went to a theater. ________ ,when the last movie finished, it was six. I was two hours late!

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Seeing Dad in so much ________and emotional pain was my most painful experience. However, it was ________ the most successful lesson. I have never lied since.

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2.A. kept B. washed C. watched D. serviced

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7.A. went B. ran C. walked D. hurried

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10.A. find B. decide C. believe D. feel

11.A. turn up B. drive out C. go away D. come out

12.A. questions B. problems C. mistakes D. faults

13.A. ashamed B. frightened C. nervous D. surprised

14.A. nervousness B. sadness C. silence D. thought

15.A. you B. myself C. me D. yourself

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17.A. meaningless B. useless C. helpless D. worthless

18.A. asking B. persuading C. begging D. following

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Samuel Osmond is a 19-year-old law student from Cornwall, England. He never studied the piano. However, he can play very difficult musical pieces by musicians such as Chopin and Beethoven just a few minutes after he hears them. He learns a piece of music by listening to it in parts. Then he thinks about the notes in his head. Two years ago, he played his first piece Moonlight Sonata（奏鳴曲）by Beethoven. He surprised everyone around him.

Amazed that he remembered this long and difficult piece of music and played it perfectly, his teachers say Samuel is unbelievable .They say his ability is very rare, but Samuel doesn’t even realize that what he can do is special. Samuel wanted to become a lawyer as it was the wish of his parents, but music teachers told him he should study music instead. Now, he studies law and music.

Samuel can’t understand why everyone is so surprised. “I grew up with music. My mother played the piano and my father played the guitar. About two years ago, I suddenly decided to start playing the piano, without being able to read music and without having any lessons. It comes easily to me ---I hear the notes and can bear them in mind---each and every note,” says Samuel.

Recently, Samuel performed a piece during a special event at his college. The piece had more than a thousand notes. The audience was impressed by his amazing performance. He is now learning a piece that is so difficult that many professional pianists can’t play it. Samuel says confidently,” It’s all about super memory---I guess I have that gift.”

However, Samuel’s ability to remember things doesn’t stop with music. His family says that even when he was a young boy, Samuel heard someone read a story, and then he could retell the story word for word.

Samuel is still only a teenager. He doesn’t know what he wants to do in the future. For now, he is just happy to play beautiful music and continue his studies.

1.What is special about Samuel Osmond?

A. He has a gift for writing music.

B. He can write down the note he hears.

C. He is a top student at the law school.

D. He can play the musical piece he hears.

2.What can we learn from Paragraph 2 ?

A. Samuel chose law against the wish of his parents.

B. Samuel planned to be a lawyer rather than a musician.

C. Samuel thinks of himself as a man of great musical ability.

D. Samuel studies law and music on the advice of his teachers.

3.Everyone around Samuel was surprised because he _________.

A. received a good early education in music

B. played the guitar and the piano perfectly

C. could play the piano without reading music

D. could play the guitar better than his father

4.Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

A. The Qualities of a Musician

B. The Story of a Musical Talent

C. The Importance of Early Education

D. The Relationship between Memory and Music.

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---I’m planning to go to Kingdom of Cambodia this summer vacation. I think the trip will be exciting.

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