【題目】 Personality is, to large extent, inherent --A-type parents usually bring about A-type offspring. But the environment must also have a profound effect, since if competition is important to the parents, it is likely to become a major factor lives of their children.

One place where children soak up A characteristics is school, which is, by its very nature, a highly competitive institution. Too many schools adopt the "win at all costs" moral standard and measure their success by sporting achievements. The current passion for making children compete against their classmates or against the clock produces a two-layer system, in which competitive A types seem in some way better than their B-type fellows. Being too keen to win can have dangerous consequences: remember that Pheidippides, the first marathon runner, dropped dead seconds after saying，"Rejoice, we conquer!".

By far the worst form of competition in school is the disproportionate emphasis on examinations. It is a rare school that allows pupils to concentrate on those things they do well. The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable, but competition in the certain knowledge of failure is positively harmful.

Obviously, it is neither practical nor desirable that all A youngsters change into Bs. The world needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.

【1】 According to the author, what factors contribute to the building of personality?

A. Inheritance.

B. environment .

C. Competition.

D. inheritance, competition and environment.

【2】 The phrase "soak up" is closest in meaning to _____.

A. pull up B. take up C. take in D. pull in

【3】 What attitude does the author hold toward examinations in schools?

A. positive B. negative C. doubtful D. neutral

【4】What suggestion does the author make concerning the management of schools?

A. All students be made into competitive A types.

B. A child's personality be considered in regard to his possible future job.

C. All students be changed into B characteristics.

D. Schools abolish all forms of examinations.

【答案】

【1】D

【2】C

【3】C

【4】B

【解析】

試題分析：本文講述了性格形成的影響因素，學(xué)校對(duì)學(xué)生性格的形成有很大的作用，此外作者給學(xué)校管理提出了一些建議。

【1】D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段的描述：性格在很大程度上是先天形成的-A型性格的父母會(huì)有A型性格的子女。但環(huán)境也一定對(duì)其有深刻的影響，因?yàn)槿绻?jìng)爭(zhēng)對(duì)父母來(lái)說(shuō)很重要的話(huà)，那它也可能成為孩子生活中的一個(gè)重要因素，可知遺傳、競(jìng)爭(zhēng)和環(huán)境都對(duì)性格的形成有影響，故選D。

【2】C詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段的描述，可知第一句的含義是“讓孩子吸收A型性格的一個(gè)地方是學(xué)校。”故劃線(xiàn)的短語(yǔ)是“吸收”的意思，故選C。

【3】C觀(guān)點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。根據(jù)第三段The merits of competition by examination are somewhat questionable,（通過(guò)考試來(lái)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)這種做法的好處本身有點(diǎn)值得懷疑），可知作者對(duì)于考試是持懷疑態(tài)度的。A.積極的；B.消極的；C.懷疑的；D.中立的。故選C。

【4】B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后的描述The world needs types, and schools have an important duty to try to fit a child's personality to his possible future employment. It is top management.（這個(gè)世界需要各種性格的人，一個(gè)重要職責(zé)是使孩子的性格適合將來(lái)可能從事的工作。這才是最好的管理理念），可知B選項(xiàng)就是作者給學(xué)校管理提出的建議。

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