Question

【題目】Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; there is no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children’s curiosity.

Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven–year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, salary and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said,” Now that we’ve finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?”

After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “have you ever seen a grasshopper (蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why?”

This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours.

Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that. After asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical, complete and creative answers.

Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior. But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying, “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before”, or coming up with more questions or ideas.

Never push a child to “think”. It doesn’t make sense; children are always thinking, without your telling them to. What’s more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a small target for your disagreement.

Lastly, show; don’t tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass, and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸發(fā)), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.

【1】According to the passage, children are natural scientist, and to raise their interest, the most important thing for adults to do is______.

A. to share the children’s curiosity

B. to let them see the world around

C. to explain difficult phrases about science

D. to supply the children with lab equipment

【2】In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “l(fā)ist” could best be replaced by______.

A. any problems

B. questions from the textbooks

C. any questions

D. any number of questions

【3】According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical, complete and creative way if adults______.

A. ask them to answer quickly

B. wait for one or two seconds after a question

C. wait at least for three seconds after a question

D. tell them to answer the next day

【4】In which of the following paragraph(s) does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science discussion?

A. The second and third

B. The fifth

C. The fifth and sixth

D. The fourth and fifth

【5】The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children’s curiosity EXCEPT that adults should______.

A. encourage their children to ask questions of their own

B. offer their children chances to see things for themselves

C. be patient enough when their children answer questions

D. tell their children stories instead of reciting (背誦) facts

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】B

【3】C

【4】B

【5】D

【解析】

試題分析:本文是一篇說明文，旨在告訴家長該如何讓孩子保持對科學(xué)的好奇心并做出正確的引導(dǎo)。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。從第一段：You only have to share your children’s curiosity.（你要做的就是分享你孩子的好奇心）可知，故選A.

【2】細(xì)節(jié)推理題。從第二段：Finally I said,” Now that we’ve finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?”（最后我說，“既然我回答完了你的問題，你有你自己的關(guān)于科學(xué)的問題嗎？”）可知作者想引導(dǎo)孩子自己思考關(guān)于科學(xué)的問題，故選C.

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段：When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical, complete and creative answers.（當(dāng)家長問完孩子們問題后，能夠增加他們“等的時(shí)間”到三秒或者更多來給孩子們思考，孩子們會給出更符合邏輯，更完整合更有創(chuàng)造性的答案）可知，故選C.

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第五段:Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “very good” (一旦你的孩子進(jìn)入一個(gè)科學(xué)討論，不要馬上用“對！”或者“非常棒”等字眼來夸他。)

Instead, keep things going by saying, “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before”, or coming up with more questions or ideas.（相反，讓他繼續(xù)并且說“那真有趣”或者“我之前都沒有想到那種方法”），故選B.

【5】主旨大意題。作者整篇文章主要講了家長該如何讓孩子保持對科學(xué)的好奇心并做出正確的引導(dǎo)。首先講要鼓勵孩子問他們想到的關(guān)于科學(xué)的問題；其次要給孩子時(shí)間去單獨(dú)思考，第三，要注意自己對于孩子的措辭，不能當(dāng)他們一投入到科學(xué)討論中就直接說一些鼓勵的話，要耐心點(diǎn)將他們的思考與注意力一直集中在討論上，讓他們自己發(fā)掘出更多的東西，最后，don’t tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program.(不要講故事�，F(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的自然印象遠(yuǎn)不及孩子們在書本上或電視上所學(xué)的知識更加深刻)可知家長們應(yīng)該讓孩子們多了解事實(shí)而不是跟他們虛構(gòu)一些自己理解的故事，故選D.