Question

【題目】Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

You're trying your best to enjoy an evening cookout, but a constant swarm of mosquitoes follows you from grill to poolside. The threat? A pierce to your skin, leaving behind an itchy red welt and possibly even a serious illness. As you swat madly at the pests, you notice that others seem completely unbothered. Could it be that mosquitoes prefer to bite some people over others?

The short answer is yes. Mosquitoes do 【1】 blood-sucking preferences, say the experts. "One in 10 people are highly attractive to mosquitoes," reports Jerry Butler, PhD, professor emeritus at the University of Florida. But it's not dinner they're sucking out of you. Female mosquitoes -- males do not bite people -- need human blood to develop 【2】 eggs. And apparently, not just anyone's will do.

Who Mosquitoes Like Best? Although researchers have yet to 【3】 what mosquitoes consider an ideal hunk (大塊) of human flesh, the hunt is on. "There's a tremendous amount of research being conducted on what compounds and odors people exude that might be attractive to mosquitoes," says Joe Conlon, PhD, technical advisor to the American Mosquito Control Association. With 400 different compounds to examine, it's an extremely laborious process. "Researchers are just beginning to 【4】 the surface," he says.

Scientists do know that genetics 【5】 for an overwhelming 85% of our susceptibility to mosquito bites. They've also identified certain elements of our body chemistry that, when found in excess on the skin's surface, make mosquitoes swarm closer.

"People with high 【6】 of steroids or cholesterol on their skin surface attract mosquitoes," Butler tells WebMD. That doesn't necessarily mean that mosquitoes prey on people with higher overall levels of cholesterol, Butler explains. These people simply may be more efficient at processing cholesterol, the byproducts of which remain on the skin's surface.

Mosquitoes also 【7】 people who produce excess amounts of certain acids, such as uric acid, explains entomologist John Edman, PhD, spokesman for the Entomological Society of America. These substances can trigger mosquitoes' sense of smell, luring them to land on 【8】victims.

But the process of attraction begins long before the landing. Mosquitoes can smell their dinner from a(n) 【9】 distance of up to 50 meters, explains Edman. This doesn't bode well for people who emit large quantities of carbon dioxide…..Luckily, there are chemical-based mosquito repellents and the soybean oil-based repellent that can help to keep the bite at【10】.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】AC

【3】BC

【4】BD

【5】AB

【6】ABC

【7】B

【8】AD

【9】D

【10】A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了專家們發(fā)現(xiàn)蚊子確實(shí)顯示出吸血的偏好，以及說明了人體中哪些因素會導(dǎo)致人更容易吸引蚊子的叮咬，如人體化學(xué)中的某些元素，皮膚表面高濃度類固醇或膽固醇的人會吸引蚊子以及包括那些產(chǎn)生過量某些酸的人等等。

【1】考查動詞。句意：專家們說，蚊子確實(shí)顯示出吸血的偏好。根據(jù)上文do可知應(yīng)填動詞原形，且結(jié)合句意可知表示“顯示”應(yīng)為exhibit。故選C。

【2】考查形容詞。句意：雌蚊——雄蚊不咬人——需要人的血液來培育可生育的卵子。修飾名詞eggs應(yīng)用形容詞，且結(jié)合句意可知表示“能生育的”應(yīng)為fertile。故選AC。

【3】考查動詞。句意：雖然研究人員還沒有確定蚊子認(rèn)為理想的人肉塊是什么，但尋找工作正在進(jìn)行。根據(jù)上文to可知填動詞原形，且根據(jù)句意可知表示“確定；查明”應(yīng)為pinpoint。故選BC。

【4】考查動詞。句意：“研究人員才剛剛開始觸及表面，”他說。begin to do sth ,可知本空應(yīng)填動詞原形，且根據(jù)句意可知表示“觸及表面”短語為scratch the surface。故選BD。

【5】考查動詞。句意：科學(xué)家確實(shí)知道，基因決定了我們85% 的人易受蚊子叮咬。分析句子可知，本句為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語為genetics，本空需要動詞，且根據(jù)句意可知表示“導(dǎo)致；決定”短語為account for。故選AB。

【6】考查名詞。句意：“皮膚表面高濃度類固醇或膽固醇的人會吸引蚊子，”Butler告訴WebMD。根據(jù)上文high可知應(yīng)填名詞，且根據(jù)句意可知表示“濃度”為concentrations。故選ABC。

【7】考查動詞。句意：美國昆蟲學(xué)會發(fā)言人、昆蟲學(xué)家John Edman博士解釋說，蚊子目標(biāo)還包括那些產(chǎn)生過量某些酸的人，比如尿酸。結(jié)合上文可知應(yīng)填動詞原形，且結(jié)合句意可知表示“以……為目標(biāo)”為target。故選B。

【8】考查形容詞。句意：這些物質(zhì)可以觸發(fā)蚊子的嗅覺，引誘它們落在毫無防備的受害者身上。修飾名詞victims可知應(yīng)填形容詞，且結(jié)合句意表示“毫無防備的”為unsuspecting。故選AD。

【9】考查形容詞。句意：埃德曼解釋說，蚊子從一個令人贊嘆的距離——50米遠(yuǎn)的地方就能聞到食物的味道。修飾名詞distance應(yīng)用形容詞，且結(jié)合句意表示“令人贊嘆的”為impressive。故選D

【10】考查名詞。句意：幸運(yùn)的是，有化學(xué)驅(qū)蚊劑和豆油驅(qū)蚊劑可以幫助阻止蚊蟲叮咬。at bay意為“(獵物等)被困，處于走投無路的境地”，符合語境。故選A。