Having a teenager at home can be a real headache. Many teenagers smoke, drink and even fight. They often do something dangerous.
Earlier studies have shown that teenagers are more likely (可能) to make irrational decisions than people from any other age group, including children and adults. Is it that teenagers are too young to tell right from wrong? Not really. So what’s the reason?
According to Laurence, a teacher from a US university, the reason is that teenagers care a lot about how their peers (同齡人) view them—that is “peer influence”.
As children enter their teenage years, they spend more time with their friends and classmates, and also they care more about what they think of them. This makes teenagers make decisions without thinking about the costs.
In a test, a group of teenagers were asked to play a video driving game. When they played with their friends watching around them, they took more chances and drove more carelessly because that would increase their possibility of winning. But when they played alone, they drove more safely.
Why do peers have such a big influence on teens’ behavior?
As Laurence sees it, a teenager’s brain is like a car with a good accelerator (油門) but a weak brake (剎車). The “accelerator” is fully developed by teenage years while the “brake” is still not fully developed. When teenagers are watched by their peers, they usually push hard on the accelerator. With their weak brake, it is likely that they are going to end up in an accident.
But the good news is that a violent (暴力的)teenager doesn’t necessarily become a violent adult. About two-thirds to three-quarters of violent youth grow out of it. “They get more self-controlled.” 
小題1:What does the underlined word “irrational” in the 2^nd paragraph mean?

A．Quick.

B．Crazy.

C．Careful.

D．Correct.

小題2:Why are teenagers likely to make wrong decisions according to the text?   

A．They like difficult tasks.

B．They don’t care about costs.

C．They are too young to tell right from wrong.

D．They care a lot about what their peers think of them.

小題3:How does Laurence explain the influence of peer pressure on teens’ behavior?

A．By comparing it with how a car works.

B．By comparing it with an accident.

C．By showing research findings.

D．By giving examples.

小題4:According to the text, with peers around them, teenagers are more likely to _______ .

A．use more self-control

B．perform better than when they are alone

C．become more careful about what they do

D．care about winning without thinking about danger

Many children would start school hungry without breakfast clubs, teachers have claimed. A new survey suggests these clubs are the only way many students can get a meal before lessons.
About 54% of the 552 school staff questioned by the Association of Teachers and Lecturers(ATL)said their school provides a breakfast club for pupils. The biggest reason for them to attend these clubs is that their parents or carer goes to work early, cited by 76.8% of those questioned.
About 22.6% said children attended due to lack of money at home because parents or carers are unemployed and 15.2% said lack of money at home due to changes or cuts to benefits.
About 17.6% said pupils mainly attend breakfast clubs to socialize.
The survey found that teachers believe that offering breakfast to pupils often helps improve their concentration and ability to learn. One primary school teacher said: “Although there is a charge for our breakfast club, we have accessed funding for those pupils on free school meals and the breakfast club had an effect on their attendance, concentration and being in school for the start of lessons.
ATL general secretary Dr Roper said a nutritious meal at the start of the day has a huge impact on pupils’ ability to learn. “Many schools do everything they can to ensure children eat well during school term-time. But there are many children living in poverty, who we fear won’t be getting a decent meal a day in the holidays and this is something the government needs to address,” she said.
A Department for Education spokesman said: “We know how important it is for children to
have a good breakfast. We want schools and local authorities to use their budgets to best meet the needs of their children. Many provide breakfast clubs which offer a free meal to children from poorer families. The Pupil Premium, which will double to ￡ 2.5 billion in 2014-2015, targets extra money to help schools to provide support such as this to the most disadvantaged children. The free school meal scheme also ensures that these children have access to a nutritious lunch every day.
小題1:How many factors are mentioned which can account for the popularity of breakfast clubs?

A．Two.

B．Three.

C．Four.

D．Five.

小題2:By getting breakfast offered by breakfast clubs, pupils can______.

A．perform better in their study

B．know how they can save money

C．eat better for their lunch and supper

D．make more friends with their classmates

小題3:The pupil Premium and the free school meal scheme are mentioned in order to show_____.

A．every child should get access to a nutritious meal

B．breakfast clubs play a key role in children’s growth

C．many efforts are made to provide a good and free meal

D．many schools can’t offer a good and free meal to children

小題4:In which part of a magazine can we probably read this passage?

A．Entertainment.

B．Education.

C．Culture.

D．Health.

Every time Lionel Messi breaks a record, it seems appropriate to compare him to the legends that came before him.

In 2012, he rewrote soccer history on multiple occasions, and his latest record came when he scored his 86th goal of the calendar year, breaking Gerd Muller’s previous mark, before wrapping up the year with 91 goals.
All statistics indicate that Messi is currently the best player in the world, and that he will go down in history as the top footballer of his generation. But when he is judged against all-time greats like Pele and Diego Maradona, he still has work to do.
We don’t know whether the Barcelona striker will have another year in which he records more than 90 goals, but he must still sustain(維持)a similar level of production for the next several seasons.
Messi has already taken part in three of Barcelona’s victorious Champions League(冠軍聯(lián)賽)campaigns, and he played an important role in two of them. In order to firmly establish himself as the greatest club football player in history, he must win the tournament a few more times.
Most importantly, the Argentine(阿根廷人)needs to win on the international stage. Regardless of what Messi does for Barcelona, his legacy will be incomplete if he cannot win the World Cup with Argentina.
Both Pele and Maradona led their countries to the top of international soccer during their careers, and Messi’s performances for his country have been severely disappointing.
While he was still a teenager in 2006-and his lackluster(平淡的)showing is excusable due to his youth-he cannot brush off the disappointment that characterized Argentina’s performance in 2010.
But the 4-0 loss to Germany in the 2010 World Cup Quarter Final seems to have sparked Messi. He scored 12 times for Argentina last year, and the next World Cup could finally be Messi’s breakout performance in blue and white stripes.
Due to all of his accomplishments, it is easy to forget that the extraordinary footballer is just 25 years old. If he can avoid injury or lengthy slumps(低潮狀態(tài))until his speed and skills start to decline due to age, he may continue to break records and win trophies.
小題1:What will Messi have to do in order to be complete in his soccer career?

A．He must win the World Cup with Argentina.

B．He must win the tournament a few more times.

C．He must defeat Pele and Maradona.

D．He must avoid injury or lengthy slumps.

小題2:How was Messi’s performance in 2010 World Cup?

A．Excellent.

B．Inspiring.

C．Disappointing.

D．Normal.

小題3:What can we infer from the passage?

A．Messi has firmly established himself as the greatest club soccer player in history.

B．Messi will try his best to win the next World Cup with Argentina.

C．Messi can avoid injury and lengthy slumps to break records and win trophies.

D．Pele and Maradona led their countries to the top of international soccer during their careers.

小題4:What is the best title of the passage?

A．Lionel Messi, the Best Soccer Player of All Time

B．Lionel Messi, the Greatest Soccer Player in History

C．Barcelona and Lionel Messi

D．World Cup and Lionel Messi

Express delivery: How you can buy your groceries from a virtual supermarket
Aug, 1^st, 2011 Daily Mail
A “virtual supermarket” consisting of posters of goods put on platform walls is set to be introduced at London Underground stations. Passengers “shop” by scanning QR—Quick Response—codes of the items they want to buy using their smart phones. These goods are later delivered to their home address. Supermarket giant(巨頭) Tesco successfully trialed the hi-tech store in a South Korean underground station and there are now plans to bring the concept to Britain.
NYPD to Scan Facebook, Twitter for Trouble
Aug, 11^th, 2011 Forbes
The New York Police Department announced it will form a new unit to search social media as part of its law enforcement(執(zhí)行) efforts, responding to the criminals’ growing use of these sites to plan and celebrate illegal activities. The NYPD unit created particularly to comb social media sites like Facebook, Twitter, and BlackBerry messenger for information on planned crimes and their criminals.
Space Junk(太空垃圾) reaching “tipping point”, report warns
Sep 3^rd, 2011 Toronto Sun
The amount of debris(碎片) orbiting the Earth has reached “a tipping point” for crashes, which would produce more debris that may be dangerous to astronauts and satellites, according to a US study. According to the US Space Surveillance Network, the number of orbital debris jumped from 9,949 in December 2006 to 16,094 in July 2011.
小題1:The “virtual supermarket” would be introduced to Britain because of            .
A. the successful experience of a hi-tech store in South Korea
B. the wide use of smart phones for scanning QR codes
C. the large varieties of goods in the supermarket
D the convenient home delivery system around London
小題2:we can learn from the news that            .

A．people with mobile phones can shop at London Underground stations

B．Facebook, Twitter, and BlackBerry messenger are not popular in the US

C．the amount of space junk has more than doubled in the past few years

D．more and more criminals are using social media sites for crimes

小題3:what does the underlined word “comb” in the second piece of news mean?

A．Create.

B．Operate.

C．Block.

D．Search.

小題4:The third piece of news will be in the           section of the newspaper.

A．sports

B．opinion

C．science

D．business

BEIJING—Family planning officers will handle the illegal birth case of film director Zhang Yimou by following legal procedures, a government spokesman said on Tuesday, December 10, 2013.
When asked to comment on Zhang’s case at a press conference, Yao Hongwen, spokesman for the National Health and Family Planning Commission(NHFPC), said “Every citizen is equal before the law and nobody is allowed to have privileges（特權(quán)）to give birth to more children than allowed.”
Yao’s comment came after media stories claimed that Zhang had remarried and fathered a total of seven children: one with his former wife, three with his present wife, Chen Ting, and another three from two lovers.
“The NHFPC’s attitude towards citizens’ birth violations（違法）is consistent and clear…Every Chinese citizen should obey and safeguard the seriousness of laws and regulations.” NHFPC spokesman Yao Hongwen said.
China’s family planning policy, introduced in the late 1970s to slow down the country’s growing population, limits most urban couples to one child and most rural couples to two. The policy was recently relaxed, allowing couples to have two children if one of them is an only child.
Those who break the policy face severe fines. The amount of the fine is generally several times the yearly annual income of the two spouses（配偶）. Some media calculations put the fine that Zhang may face at as much as 160 million yuan(over $26 million).
Zhang’s birth case has caused criticism online about famous people who have more children than the policy allows.
In an open letter on December 1, Zhang admitted that the couple has two sons and daughter and they are willing to accept investigation and punishment according to China’s laws and regulations. He apologized to the public.
However, the letter denied that Zhang had lovers and was father to as many as seven children from various mothers.
Zhang, one of the “fifth generation” of Chinese filmmakers, made his first directorial work in 1987 with “Red Sorghum” and has won a number of award worldwide. He was chief director of the opening and closing ceremonies of the Beijing Olympic Games.
小題1:The purpose of the news report is to ______________

A．claim that Zhang Yimou remarried and fathered a total of seven children

B．inform us that Zhang’s illegal birth case will be dealt with by the government

C．convince us that Zhang is a famous director and his case will be pardoned

D．confirm that Zhang’s illegal birth case has resulted in lots of criticism online

小題2:According to Yao Hongwen, which of the following statements is true?

A．Every Chinese citizen should obey and safeguard laws and regulations.

B．Few people have the privileges to give birth to more children than allowed.

C．China’s family planning policy has never been relaxed since introduced.

D．Zhang will be fined as much as 160 million yuan for his violations.

小題3:Judging from the recent relaxed policy, a couple_______________

A．can have as many as three children if they live in a rural area

B．will definitely be fined if they have two children nowadays

C．can give birth to two children if one of them is an only child

D．can only give birth to two children if they live in an urban area

STARBUCKS China yesterday renamed a newly­opened outlet near one of Buddhism's most famous temples after a wave of controversy over what critics called a “cultural invasion”．
The coffee shop in Hangzhou had opened as the Lingyin Temple Starbucks, leading some people to believe it was located inside the renowned temple.
However, the company said in a statement yesterday that the coffee shop was actually in the Lingyin scenic area, about 20 minutes' walk from the temple's entrance.It was said the outlet would now be known as the Lingyin Starbucks.
Wang Shan, deputy director of the Lingyin office of the West Lake Administration in Hangzhou, capital of Zhejiang Province, said, “Actually, the coffee house is a long distance from the temple.It is located in the tourist service area on Lingyin Road outside of the temple, as part of the supporting facilities.”
The temple's administration urged the cafe to change its name to make it clear that it was not located inside the temple.
In a heated online debate, critics said the U．S.chain's commercial style would spoil the serenity that an oriental Buddhism temple should embrace.
Supporters, however, said that the talk of an “invasion” was misplaced as the outlet was not inside the temple but on a nearby commercial street where a KFC restaurant and a shopping mall had been open for more than six months.
The incident follows calls in 2009 to stop an earlier “cultural invasion” when the Seattle­based coffee chain had to move its outlet out of Beijing's Forbidden City seven years after it opened.
Critics urged closure of the outlet, which they said was a “humiliation” for a culture exemplified by the ancient buildings.
小題1:Why did the temple's administration urge the cafe to change its name?

A．To attract the tourists.

B．To tell the public the coffee outlet doesn't lie inside the temple.

C．To obey the government.

D．To do something to protect the temple.

小題2:Why did the Seattle­based coffee chain have to move its outlet out of Beijing's Forbidden City?

A．Because the Seattle­based coffee chain was thought as an earlier “cultural invasion”．

B．Because it changed Chinese culture.

C．Because the Seattle­based coffee chain earned much more money than the temples.

D．Because the Seattle­based coffee chain closed the shops by itself.

小題3:What's the best title of this passage?

A．Coffee shop's new outlet deletes the word “temple”．

B．Cultural invasion.

C．Starbucks chain invasion.

D．Seattle­based coffee chain's invasion.

A father with Parkinson's disease was arrested as he watched the Olympic cycling road race because he failed to smile or look as if he was enjoying himself.
Mark Worsfold, a martial arts trainer and former soldier, claims that he was thrown to the floor and handcuffed just as cyclists passed by. His worried wife Nicola only found out he was being held after she reported him missing when he did not turn up for their daughter's ninth birthday party. The 54­year­old man had his fingerprints, DNA and mugshot taken before being questioned about why he did not appear to be enjoying the event on July 28. Police said Mr. Worsfold, who was held for over five hours, was arrested because of his manner，his state of dress and his being too near to the course. A spokesman added that the arrest was necessary to avoid a breach(破壞) of the peace because he was standing near a group of protesters(抗議者)．
But Mr. Worsfold, who was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease in 2010, said that one of the symptoms of the disease is muscle rigidity, which can cause his face to become expressionless. “I was sitting minding my own business”， he told a local newspaper. “Before I knew anything the police grabbed me off this seven­foot wall, threw me to the floor and handcuffed me, so all I saw of the cycle race was between the feet of people from the pavement. It could have been done better. I was arrested for not smiling. I have Parkinson's disease.”
Mr. Worsfold has since asked for a letter of not being guilty from police. The officers who made the arrest have apologized to him.
小題1:Which word can be used to replace the underlined word “mugshot” in the second paragraph?

A．Clothes.

B．Photos.

C．Measures.

D．Tools.

小題2:Which statement is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Worsfold's wife was immediately informed of his being arrested by the police.

B．Worsfold was arrested because he was extremely dangerous.

C．Worsfold enjoyed the cycle race though he saw it between the feet of people from the pavement.

D．Worsfold was arrested because of his clothes as well as his facial expression.

小題3:What can we infer from the passage?

A．The officers must have been punished for Worsfold's arrest.

B．Worsfold has an expressionless face and probably looks strong.

C．The officers apologized to Worsfold after one day's arrest.

D．Worsfold was diagnosed with Parkinson's disease four years ago.

The Norwegian Government is doing its best to keep the oil industry under control. A new law limits exploration to an area south of the southern end of the long coastline; production limits have been laid down (though these have already been raised); and oil companies have not been allowed to employ more than a limited number of foreign workers. But the oil industry has a way of getting over such problems, and few people believe that the Government will be able to hold things back for long. As one Norwegian politician said last week: “ We will soon be changed beyond all recognition.”
Ever since the war, the Government has been carrying out a program of development in the area north of the Arctic Circle. During the past few years this program has had a great deal of success. Tromso has been built up into a local capital with a university, a large hospital and a healthy industry. But the oil industry has already started to draw people south, and within a few years the whole northern policy could be in ruins.
The effects of the oil industry would not be limited to the north, however. With nearly 100 percent employment, everyone can see a situation developing in which the service industries and the tourist industry will lose more of their workers to the oil industry. Some smaller industries might even disappear altogether when it becomes cheaper to buy goods from abroad.
The real argument over oil is its threat to the Norwegian way of life. Farmers and fishermen do not make up most of the population, but they are an important part of it, because Norwegians see in them many of the qualities that they regard with pride as essentially Norwegian. And it is the farmers and the fishermen who are most critical of the oil industry because of the damage that it might cause to the countryside and to the sea.
小題1:The Norwegian Government would prefer the oil industry to ______.

A．provide more jobs for foreign workers

B．slow down the rate of its development

C．sell the oil it is producing abroad

D．develop more quickly than at present

小題2:The Norwegian Government has tried to ______.

A．encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources

B．prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway

C．help the oil companies solve many of their problems

D．keep the oil industry to something near its present size

小題3:According to the passage, the oil industry might lead northern Norway to ______.

A．the development of industry

B．a(chǎn) growth in population

C．the failure of the development program

D．the development of new towns

小題4:In the south, one effect to the development of the oil industry might be ______.

A．a(chǎn) large reduction on unemployment

B．a(chǎn) growth in the tourist industry

C．a(chǎn) reduction in the number of existing industries

D．the development of a number of service industries

小題5:Norwegian farmers and fishermen have an important influence because ______.

A．they form such a large part of Norwegian ideal

B．their lives and values represent the Norwegian ideal

C．their work is so useful to the rest of Norwegian society

D．they regard oil as a threat to the Norwegian way of life

Dining in a completely dark room, unaware what’s on your plate while sitting next to a complete stranger may not sound like an ideal restaurant experience but it’s certainly an intriguing way to spend a rainy night in London.
Dans le Noir, close to London’s financial district, is a restaurant full of blind waiters and waitresses who become your eyes around the restaurant, whose original Paris branch opened in 2004.
In the bar with the light, you choose whether you want the fish, meat or vegetable, but the dishes themselves remain a secret, as do the ingredients of the “surprise” cocktails. Bags, coats and devices(設(shè)備)that light up, including watches and mobile phones, are kept in the bar. Placing your hand on the shoulder of your guide, you are led to a table in a black dining room that sets up to 60 people. And it is dark.
The waiters tell you when the food is being placed down in front of you, then the fun begins, trying to get food into your mouth, then identifying just what it is that’s on your plate, and finally whether you have missed any of it.
It’s also a great chance to break social convention and eat using your fingers. Those same fingers are also the only way you can tell how much wine you’re pouring into your glass.
The happy atmosphere in the dining room also made the night memorable. You can’t really avoid talking to the person next to you at the long tables and guessing what the dishes are certainly provides adequate fuel for the conversations.
All will be revealed at the end of the meal when you are led back out into the lit bar. Not only do you finally get to see what you’ve just been eating but also who you’ ve been talking to for the last 90 minutes.
小題1:What does the underlined word “intriguing.” in the first paragraph mean?
A terrible   B. interesting   C. expensive   D. new
小題2:According to the text, “ Dans le Noir”__________.
A is far from London’s financial district
B has its first branch opened in Britain
C is very popular among blind customers
D has a dining room which can seat up to 60 people
小題3:We know from the text that the customers in “Dans le Noir”_________.

A．a(chǎn)re forbidden to eat with their fingers

B．can talk to the strangers at table

C．will book the menu in a dark bar

D．can take their mobile phones into the dining room

小題4:What’s the main purpose of the text?

A．To help blind people find a job in restaurants.

B．To show how to open a restaurant with a new idea.

C．To show how to enjoy the time in a dark restaurant.

D．To introduce and attract customers to “Dans le Noir ”.

Xinxin, a 12-year-old student from Beijing, enjoyed his winter vacation with his father in Singapore. During their visit, he even had the chance to       some of Singapore's sights by himself       his father was busy with other things.
Xinxin’s first adventure       in Singapore was at a water park near their hotel. He enjoyed swimming and       into the water by himself, and then returned to the hotel before a time in the evening that was       by his father.
The boy also made a trip to Universal Studios Singapore       a guardian. He had already been to the park with his father two times during the trip. Xinxin volunteered to make his       trip by himself. His father gave him some pocket money to buy lunch, and then Xinxin rode the shuttle from their hotel to the studios. He spent a whole day there and had a       time.
In an interview with Beijing Evening News, Xinxin’s father said that       he was too busy to spend all his time with his son, he decided to give him the opportunity to develop a sense of      . Had Xinxin’s mother been there, she would not have let Xinxin out of her sight, the father commented.

小題1:	A．study B．explore C．test D．measure

小題2:	A．while B．until C．before D．unless

小題3:	A．a(chǎn)long B．a(chǎn)live C．a(chǎn)lone D．lonely

小題4:	A．floating B．surfing C．driving D．diving

小題5:	A．made B．set C．decided D．a(chǎn)sked

小題6:	A．under B．behind C．with D．without

小題7:	A．first B．second C．third D．fourth

小題8:	A．terrible B．miserable C．fantastic D．flexible

小題9:	A．though B．since C．if D．when

小題10:

A．independence B．daring C．pride D．diligence