In many parts of the world，cars play an important role in daily life and many societies would not exist without them. So the idea that in 20 years’ time, no one will own cars may be hard to believe. But this is the prediction made by a team of transport researchers who are taken seriously, not only by government but also by car manufacturers.
The Human Science and Advanced Technology Institute at Loughborough in the UK is part of an international research program. The team there believes that by 2020 all cars will be computerized, which will mean much saving，no accidents and better use of roads. The super-intelligent car of the 21^st century will drive itself, and it will not be owned by one individual. Instead, we will have a choice of cars and change them as frequently as we change our clothing.
According to Dr. David Davis，who leads the research team, these predictions are based on the rising cost of the car culture, which had blocked up our cities, polluted our air, and caused more deaths than both world wars put together.
Davis says cars will be fitted with some intelligent devices to regulate the distance between one car and another. The car will automatically speed up, or slow down, to match the speed of the car in front. Computers are much safer drivers than people, so cars in a road train will be able to drive much closer together than cars driven by people. By 2010, Dr. David Davis believes, car technology will give motorists a clear view of the road, whatever the weather conditions, by projecting an image of the road ahead on to the car’s windscreen. And by 2020, cars will travel in convoy linked to each other electronically. Cars will be connected by an electronic tow bar to the car in front to form “road-trains”. “The front vehicle in such a train burns the normal amount.” says Davis. “But all the others in the train would bum about ten percent 0f the normal amount, and so produce about ten percent of the pollution.”
小題1: We know from the passage that governments and car manufacturers        .

A. do not believe the prediction that no one will own cars by 2020

B. are devoted to the technological revolution in car industry

C. consider the predictions seriously

D. have put the super-intelligent car into mass production

小題2: Which of the following will be the characteristic of the cars of 2020?

A. The car will speed up out of control．

B. We will own as many cars as we want．

C. All cars will be driven by computers．

D. Cars will produce more pollution than present ones．

小題3:The leader of the research team believes that the present car culture will change because        .

A. cars play a very important role in daily life

B. many societies would stop functioning without cars

C. cars should not be owned by one individual

D. it causes many deaths to human society

小題4:The expression closest in meaning to the phrase “in convoy” in the last paragraph is        .

A. in line         B. sidelong

C. side by side     D. shoulder to shoulder

小題5: What will happen if cars are joined to each other electronically in 2020？

A. Motorists will get a clear view of the road．

B. The weather condition will not have effect on motorists．

C. There will be less pollution caused by car．

D. All trains will burn less fuel than present．

 

Copywriting is the art of sending a message in writing, especially in advertisements, for the purpose(目的) of persuading someone to do something. This is especially true when writing descriptive(描述性的) copy. Why? Because customers’（顧客） senses don’t work on paper. They only work in person. That’s why copywriters have to create a sensory experience for their customers through their words.
When copywriters create descriptions, they often leave a lot to be desired. There is no interaction(互動(dòng)) or experience. Descriptions should be descriptive. Successful descriptions should fill the gap of what customers would see, hear, smell, taste or feel as if they were standing before the product. Successful descriptions should also draw customers’ attention and create an actual event as if they could be right there.
Do you make cinnamon rolls(肉桂卷)？You wouldn’t want to describe them simply as “delicious” or “smell great”. Instead, you’d want to bring your customers to the experience of enjoying them. Something like this will work better: Completely NOT your grandma’s cinnamon rolls! Freshly bake them right in your own oven. As the strong pleasant smell of these excellent rolls begins to float in the air, your nose will start to feel excited and you’ll immediately know they are worth the wait.
When writing descriptive copy, choose the senses that are most proper and focus on them. If describing food, certainly you’ll think about not only what you’re tasting, but also what you smell and see. If you’re writing travel copy, you’ll focus on sights, sounds as well as feelings. Your goal is to have your readers close their eyes and imagine they are in the same experience as you are.
小題1:The purpose of copywriting is to        .

A．create a pleasant experience

B．develop customers’ five senses

C．persuade people to do things

D．give people rich imagination

小題2:The writer develops the third paragraph mainly        .

A．by cause and effect(因果)	B．by order in space
C．by order in time	D．by examples

小題3: Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?

A．People’s five senses

B．Copywriting and advertisements

C．Descriptive copywriting

D．Copywriting and the five senses

Last night, when I was driving back home, I noticed a hitchhiker(搭便車的人) who was having no luck getting a ride. I rolled down my__ 21  and signed to the man to my car. I asked him where he was   22   and he told me he needed a    23   to his doctor’s office which would close in 15 minutes. I told him to   24   and he gratefully did so.
25   he got in he told me that he was a   26   and went out to sea for weeks at a time. He took medicine for his nerves and  27   to get another prescription(處方) before he left on the boat. He said that he had prayed (祈禱) 28   would stop for him so he could be there before the   29   office closed. With some 30   driving we managed to make it there in about 10   31 . I then asked him how he   32   on getting back home and he said he could walk. “I’ll patiently 33   for you and bring you back,” I told him. He 34   me and said he should only be about 15 minutes.
Afterwards he got back in my   35  and tried his hardest to pay me back: offering me dinner, gas money, even offering to ship me 40 lbs of scallops (海扇貝)! I  36  refused, gave him a smile card and asked him to help someone else the next time he had a  37 . I drove him back to where I had picked him up and  38   one more “thank you” he was on his way.
I feel that the world  39  offers us what we need. In the man’s  40   it was a ride, in mine the chance to help someone else.

小題1:	A．never B．a(chǎn)lways C．sometimes D．seldom

小題2:	A．opinion B．way C．case D．condition

“How can I learn English well?” This is a question many students ask. In my opinion, the most effective way is to learn lessons by heart. If you can recite(背誦) the text and write it out, you’ve learned it fairly well. And if you can tell, in your own words, what the lesson says, you’re a very successful learner indeed. Your English will be quite perfect.
This is a difficult task. However, if you try to learn by heart only part of each lesson, you’ll find it not half so hard as you might have thought. Learning this way, you will make rapid progress. Of course, writing is also necessary. It helps you a lot on our way to success in English.
Equally important is to feel the language. You should be able to laugh at jokes and be shocked at bad news. When using English, try to forget your mother tongue. Instead of helping you, your own language gets in your way. So, never try to see English through translation.
小題1:In the writer’s opinion, the most effective way in learning English is _______.

A．to practise speaking, writing and feeling it

B．to memorize the English words and grammatical rules

C．to translate everything into his own language

D．to forget your own native language

小題2:“Instead of helping you, your own language gets in your way.”This sentence means that memorizing your own language can ________.

A．stop you mastering English	B．help you study English well
C．make English easy to learn	D．help you notice mistakes

小題3:The underlined words“to feel the language” here means________.

A．to get a knowledge of English by touching

B．to be able to read and write English

C．to be able to experience the rich feeling of the language

D．to translate English into your own by imagining

Can dogs and cats get along well in the same home? People who are thinking about getting a dog as a friend for their cat are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found that if the cat is taken back home before the dog, and if they are introduced when still young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. In two-thirds of the homes cats and dogs have a good relationship.
However, it wasn’t all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression(侵略，好斗) and fighting were found in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body languages are just different. For example, when a cat turns its head away it means aggression, while a dog doing the same means submission(順從).
In homes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers found a surprising behavior. They are learning how to talk each other’s language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk “Dog”, and dogs can learn how to talk “Cat”.
What’s interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to become smarter. They can learn to read each other’s body languages, suggesting that the two may have more in common than was expected. Once familiar with each other’s body language, cats and dogs can play together, and enjoy sleeping together on the sofa.
The importance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond pets — to people who don’t get along well, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even countries. If cats and dogs can learn to get along, surely people have a good chance.
小題1:The underlined word swimmingly in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.

A．early

B．mostly

C．quickly

D．smoothly

小題2:Some cats and dogs may fight when ________.

A．they are cold to each other

B．they look away from each other

C．they misunderstand each other’s body languages

D．they are introduced at an early age

小題3: What is found surprising about cats and dogs?

A．They eat and sleep together.

B．They watch each other’s behaviors.

C．They learn to speak each other’s language.

D．They know something from each other’s voices.

小題4:It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs ________.

A．have common interests	B．a(chǎn)re less different than was thought
C．have a common body language	D．a(chǎn)re not so smart as was expected

小題5: What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?

A．We should learn to get along well with others

B．We should know more about animals.

C．We should live in peace with animals.

D．We should learn more body languages.

A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10. Researchers said it could explain why people with a higher IQ were healthier as a vegetarian diet was connected to lower heart disease and obesity rates. The study of 8,179 people was reported in the BritishMedicalJournal.
Twenty years after the IQ tests were carried out in 1970, 366 of the participants said they were vegetarians — although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken.
Men who were vegetarians had an IQ score of 106, compared with 101 for non-vegetarians; while female vegetarians averaged 104, compared with 99 for non-vegetarians. There was no difference in the IQ scores, between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.
Researchers said the findings were partly related to better education and higher class, but it remained statistically significant after adjusting for these factors.
Vegetarians were more likely to be female, to be of higher social class and to have higher academic or vocational qualifications than non-vegetarians. However, these differences were not reflected in their annual income, which was similar to that of non-vegetarians.
Lead researcher Catharine Gale said, “The findings that children with greater intelligence are more likely to report being vegetarians as adults, together with the evidence on the potential benefits of a vegetarian diet on heart health, may help to explain why a higher IQ in childhood or adolescence is linked with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease in adult life.
But Dr Frankie Phillips of the British Dietetic Association said，“It_ is_ like _the _chicken  _and _egg. Do people become vegetarians because they have a very high IQ or is it just that they are clever enough to be more aware of health issues？”
小題1: What’s the result of the research mentioned in the text?

A．Intelligent children are more likely to become vegetarians later in life.

B．Children with a higher IQ are less likely to have heart disease later in life.

C．Intelligent children tend to belong to higher social class later in life.

D．Children with a healthier heart tend to have a higher IQ later in life.

小題2:It was found in the research that________.

A．most of the participants became vegetarians 20 years after the IQ tests were carried out

B．vegetarians who ate fish or chicken were of similar intelligence with strict vegetarians

C．female vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetarians

D．vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetarians

小題3:What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?

A．Intelligence is linked to not just being a vegetarian but to many factors.

B．The rate of getting heart disease is linked to your lifestyle.

C．The link between a high IQ and being a vegetarian is still uncertain.

D．The link between a healthy heart and diet remains to be proved.

小題4:What’ s the best title for the text?

A．Get more IQ points!

B．Be a vegetarian, please!

C．Vegetarian diet cuts heart risk

D．A high IQ is linked to being a vegetarian

At Dallas/Fort Worth Airport, the lights are controlled by sensors that measure sunlight. They dim immediately when it’s sunny and brighten when a passing cloud blocks the sun.
A wall of windows at a University of Pennsylvania engineering building has built-in blinds (百葉窗) controlled by a computer program that follows the sun’s path. Buildings are getting smarter and the next generation of building materials is expected to do even more.
Windows could catch the sun’s energy to heat water. Sensors that measure the carbon dioxide breathed out by people in a room could determine whether the air conditioning needs to be turned up.
Many new materials and technology have been designed in the last 15 years. They are now being used in a wave of buildings designed to save as much energy as possible. They include old ideas, like “green roofs”, where a belt of plants on a roof helps the building keep heat in winter and stay cool in summer, and new ideas, like special coating for windows that lets light in, but keeps heat out.
As technologies such as sensors become cheaper, their uses spread.
The elevators (電梯) at Seven World Trade Center, which is under construction in New York, use a system that groups people traveling to nearby floors into the same elevator, thus saving elevator stops. People who work in the building will enter it by swiping (刷) ID cards that will tell the elevators their floor, readouts will then tell them which elevator to use. The building also has windows with a coating that blocks heat while letting in light.
More new building materials and technology are in development. A Philadelphia building firm is now working on “smart wrap” that uses tiny solar collectors to catch the sun’s energy and transmitters (傳輸器) as wide as a human hair to move it. They are expected to change the face of the construction industry in the next ten years or so.
小題1:________ will be developed and used in the construction industry.

A．“Green roofs” that cool or heat buildings

B．“Smart wrap” that catches the sun’s energy

C．Sunlight-measuring sensors that control lights

D．Window coating that lets light in, but keeps heat out

小題2: The elevators at Seven World Trade Center are special because they can ________.

A．send people to floors with fewer stops	B．teach people how to use their ID cards
C．make people stay very cool in summer	D．help people go traveling in the building

小題3: The underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refers to ________.

A．a(chǎn) human hair

B．smart wrap

C．the sun’s energy

D．a(chǎn) transmitter

小題4:What might be the most suitable title for the text?

A．Buildings Are Becoming Smarter	B．Buildings Are Getting More Sunlight
C．Buildings Are Lacking in Much Energy	D．Buildings Are Using Cheaper Materials

After a very busy afternoon, as I walked into my house, I heard the phone ringing. It was my friend Lydia, upset over an argument with her husband. My usual approach is to offer advice, but this time, extremely tired from chores, I simply pulled off my coat, sat down in a chair and listened to my friend's frustration and sadness. Without the disturbance of judgment or the desire to comfort her, I stayed totally quiet while she talked. Eventually Lydia's depression eased and we said our goodbyes. The next day she phoned to thank me. "I'm so grateful for the way you helped me through this," she said.
At first I was surprised. After all, I had done nothing except be there for her. But after I had my own venting(發(fā)泄的) experience with another friend later that evening, I realized that my focused silence had some value. In fact, most relationship experts agree that talk is cheap; it's listening that's rare and valuable. It allows you not only to hear what the other person is saying, but also to have a clear understanding of her thoughts and feelings. And for the speaker, that level of understanding translates into concern and respect.
Unfortunately, listening isn't as easy as it sounds. Thanks to schedules filled with family and work, multitasking has become the barrier(障礙) to listening. My tiredness may have been the only thing stopping me from folding laundry or checking my e-mail while Lydia talked that afternoon.
Another barrier to listening is our listening system: Most of us take in only about half of what's being said during a conversation, according to the International Listening Association. Research shows that we speak at 125 to 150 words per minute, yet think at 500 words a minute. Therefore, because we think much more quickly than we speak, it is easy for us to lose our concentration when listening to speakers.
While it can be hard to focus at times, it's a skill worth developing. With a little practice — employing some techniques— you can become a better listener.
小題1: In Paragraph 2, the author mainly talks about ____.

A．the importance of listening	B．the importance of venting anger
C．her own listening experience	D．her own venting experience

小題2:The author uses the result of the research in Paragraph 4 to mainly show that ____.

A．we think much more quickly than we speak

B．we can only understand about half of what we hear

C．there is not much thinking time available while we are listening

D．we lose our concentration easily while we are listening

小題3: What will be discussed following the passage?

A．Why listening is valuable.	B．What we should do while listening
C．How to become a good listener	D．How to stop drifting off while listening.

The first and best of victories is for a man to conquer(征服) himself; to be conquered by himself is, of all things, the most shameful, says Plato. Self-control is at the root of all the advantages. Let a man give in to his impulses (沖動(dòng)) and feelings, and from that moment he gives up his moral freedom.
A single angry word has lost many a friend. When Socrates found in himself any temper or anger, he would check it by speaking low in order to control himself. If you are conscious of being angry, keep your mouth shut so that you can hold back rising anger. Many a person has dropped dead in great anger. Fits of anger bring fits of disease. Whom the gods would destroy they first make mad. Keep cool, says George Herbert, for fierceness (狂怒) makes error a fault.
To be angry with a weak man is to prove that you are not strong yourself. Anger, says Pythagoras, brings with folly(愚蠢)and ends with regret. You must measure the strength of a man by the power of the feelings he conquers, not by the power of those which conquer him.
Self-control is man’s last greatest victory.
If a man lacks self-control he seems to lack everything. Without it he can have no patience, no power to govern himself; he can have no self-confidence, for he will always be controlled by his strongest feeling. If he lacks self-control, the very backbone and nerve of character are lacking also.
小題1:What does the reader learn from the first paragraph?

A．The greatest victory for a man is to conquer everything except himself.

B．One’s moral freedom is based on the control of himself.

C．To control oneself is the most difficult in one’s life.

D．If a person is too stubborn, he will feel most shameful.

小題2:If a man lacks self-control, he lacks all of the following EXCEPT _______.

A．the very backbone and nerve of character

B．the patience and power to control himself

C．strong feelings

D．self-confidence

小題3:The author’s main purpose in writing this article is to _______.

A．explain that self-control is the key to success

B．teach people how to control everything in order to make a great success

C．distinguish all kinds of self-control and suggest ways for keeping it

D．a(chǎn)dvise people not to lose temper so as to make and keep more friends

小題4:The passage is mainly developed by _____.

A．a(chǎn)nalyzing(分析)causes	B．making comparisons(比較)
C．examining differences	D．listing quotations(引證)

Recently there was a major discovery in the scientific research — the mapping of all DNA in a human gene(基因) is complete. Couple of years ago, this seems an impossible task for scientist to accomplish. All this progress in science leads us to believe that the day, when the human being will be cloned, is not far away. Human cloning has always been a topic of argument, in terms of morality(道德) or religion.
Taking a look at why cloning might be beneficial, among many cases, it is arguable that parents who are known to be at risk of passing a genetic limitation to a child could make use of cloning. If the clone was free of genetic limitations, then the other clone would be as well. The latter could be inserted in the woman and allowed to ripen to term. Moreover, cloning would enable women, who can’t get pregnant, to have children of their own.
Cloning humans would also mean that organs could be cloned, so it would be a source of perfect transfer organs. This surely would be greatly beneficial to millions of unfortunate people around the world that are expected to lose their lives due to failure of single (or more) organ(s). It is also arguable that a ban on cloning may be unlawful and would rob people of the right to reproduce and limit the freedom of scientists.
Arguments against cloning are also on a perfectly practical side. Primarily, I believe that cloning would step in the normal “cycle” of life. There would be a large number of same genes, which reduce the chances of improvement, and, in turn, development — the fundamental reason how living things naturally adapt to the ever-changing environment. Life processes failing to do so might result in untimely disappearance. Furthermore, cloning would make the uniqueness that each one of us possesses disappear, thus leading to creation of genetically engineered groups of people for specific purposes, and chances are that those individuals would be regarded as “objects” rather than people in the society.
Scientists haven’t 100% guaranteed that the first cloned humans will be normal. Thus, this could result in introduction of additional limitations in the human “gene-pool”.
Regarding such arguable topics in “black or white” approach seems very innocent to me personally. We should rather try to look at all “shades” of it. I believe that cloning is only legal if its purpose is for cloning organs; not humans. Then we could regard this as for “saving life” instead of “creating life”. I believe cloning humans is morally and socially unacceptable.
小題1:   Which of the following is true according to the passage？

A．Genetic limitation will be beneficial for some women

B．A large number of genes will prevent us from developing

C．Prohibition(禁止) of cloning might limit the freedom of scientists

D．First cloned humans might be normal according to scientists

小題2:What’s the author’s opinion on cloning?

A．Cloning should be entirely banned

B．Cloning should be used in creating life

C．Cloning will take away the right to reproduce

D．Cloning is acceptable if it is used for cloning organs

小題3:Which of the following shows the structure of the passage