Parents can usually tell if their children are lying to them, and so can teachers. Knowing if someone is lying can be useful. There are a number of behaviors that you can observe to help catch someone in a lie.

Eyes, windows to the soul, can provide information about whether you are hearing the truth or a lie. Here is a simple experiment. Ask a friend or a family member to imagine their mother with green hair. You should notice that their eyes look up to their left while they are imagining their mother. Then ask them to think about what they did this morning and their eyes will probably look up to the right. Basically, eye movement to the left indicates the person is imagining something that is not real or did not happen. When the eyes move up and to the right, the person is remembering something that actually happened. Body language is another way to see if someone is telling tales. A professional poker (撲克) player will probably tell you not to believe someone whose hands touch their face, throat, or mouth. It seems that when we are being less than truthful our hands want to cover our face in some way. It is unlikely that a liar (someone who tells lies) will touch their chest with an open hand.

Paying careful attention to how people talk can also help you catch someone in a lie. If a student is accused of copying homework, and is guilty, they are likely to get defensive. They may deny the copying and ask why the teacher does not like him or her, while an innocent person might be expected to take the offensive, explaining for example, how they got the ideas for the homework and convincing the teacher to talk to someone who saw them do the homework.

You may also find a guilty person speaks more than is natural and adds lots of unnecessary details to their story in an attempt to convince you they are telling the truth. If you suspect this is happening, try changing the subject of your conversation quickly. A liar will happily follow your change of direction and will become more relaxed.

But remember: just because someone is showing one or more of the signs associated with lying does not necessarily make them a liar. Some other forms of stress other than lying may explain their behavior, and some people exhibit these signs as normal behavior. However, if you need to distinguish a lie from the truth, these tips could be a good start.

1.When accused of copying, a student who cheats will try to ______.

A. prove his innocence by giving a wild story

B. convince his teacher by taking offensive action

C. figure out whether the teacher considers him guilty

D. cover his lies by keeping changing conversation topics

2.What is the best title for the passage?

A. What causes people to lie

B. How a liar covers his lies

C. What tricks a liar uses

D. How to detect a lie

3.What can we infer from the passage?

A. Innocent people will not explain their stories in detail.

B. Touching mouth is an effective way to hide dishonesty.

C. Eye movement to the left indicates that the person is lying.

D. Liars favor a new topic in hope of their lies going undetected.

“Tear them apart！” “Kill the fool！” “Murder the referee(裁判)!”

These are common remarks one may hear at various sporting events. At the time they are made，they may seem innocent(無(wú)辜的，天真無(wú)邪的) enough. But let's not kid ourselves．They have been known to influence behavior in such a way as to lead to real violence. Books have been written about the way words affect us. It has been shown that words having certain meanings may cause us to react in ways quite foreign(陌生的) to what we consider to be our usual behavior. I see the term “opponent” as one of those words. Perhaps the time has come to delete it from sports terms.

The dictionary meaning of the term “opponent” is “enemy”, or “one who opposes your interests.” Thus, when a player meets an opponent, he or she may tend to treat that opponent as an enemy. I remember an incident in a handball game when a referee refused a player's request for a time out for a glove change because he did not consider them wet enough. The player went away to rub his gloves across his wet T-shirt and then screamed, “Are they wet enough now?”

In the heat of battle, players have been observed to throw themselves across the court without considering the effect that such a move might have on anyone in their way. I have also witnessed a player reacting to his opponent's intentional and illegal blocking by hitting him with the ball as hard as he could during the course of play. Off the court, they are good friends. Does that make any sense? It certainly gives proof of a court attitude which differs from normal behavior.

Therefore, I believe it is time we elevated(提升)the game to the level where it belongs, setting an example to the rest of the sporting world. Replacing the term “opponent” with “associate” could be a good way to start.

The dictionary meaning of the term “associate” is “friend” or “companion.” You may soon see and possibly feel the difference in your reaction to the term “associate” rather than “opponent”．

1.What did the handball player do when he was not allowed to change his gloves?

A. He refused to continue the game.

B. He angrily hit the referee with a ball.

C. He insisted that the referee was unfair.

D. He wet his gloves by rubbing them across his T-shirt.

2.According to the passage, players in a game may ______.

A. throw the ball at the opponent illegally blocking their way

B. keep on screaming and shouting throughout the game

C. 1ie down on the ground as an act of protection

D. kick the ball across the court with force

3.What is the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A. The player's eagerness to win.

B. The player's bad behavior.

C. The player's attitudes towards the game.

D. The player's totally different behavior on and off the court.

4.What can be concluded from the passage?

A. Players should be educated to respect referees on the court.

B. Replacing the present terms on the court can help reduce violence.

C. Raising the referee's sense of responsibility can help reduce violence.

D. Changing the attitude of players on the sports field can help reduce violence.

Different Cultures

The cultures of the East and the West really distinguish each other a lot. ___1.___

The origin of the eastern cultures is mainly from two countries: China and India. Both of the two cultures are fostered by rivers—the Yellow River in China and the Hindu River in India. __2.___

Then in Tang Dynasty of China, the Chinese culture gradually went overseas to Japan, mixed into the Japanese society and shaped the Japanese culture nowadays. Though a bit different from the Chinese one, it belongs to the same system.

When the two mother rivers gave birth to the Eastern culture, another famous culture was brought up on the Mesopotamian Plain—the Mesopotamian Civilization. This civilization later on developed into the cultures of Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. __3.___ Like the Chinese culture, the European one also crossed waters. When the British settled down in America, their culture went with them over the Atlantic Ocean. So the American culture doesn’t distinguish from the European one a lot.

__4.__ Take the language system for example. In the East, most languages belong to the pictographic language while the Western languages are mostly based on the Latin system. Other causes like human race difference counts as well. But what’s more, due to the far distance and the steep areas between the East and West, the two cultures seldom communicate until recent centuries. So they grew up totally in their own ways with almost no interference (干擾) from the other.

The differences are everywhere. __5.___ But different cultures make the world of 21st century more colorful. The cultural gap should not be the obstacle (障礙) to the civilization of human being. It ought to be the motivation of our going farther.

A. Let us work together to keep a variety of culture.

B. One important thing is to learn about other cultures.

C. And these two are well-known as the base of the European culture.

D. At the same time, some other differences add to the cultural differences.

E. This is because the culture systems are two separate systems on the whole.

F. They helped the two cultures develop for centuries and form their own styles.

G. They are obvious and affect people’s ways of thinking and their views of the world

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提示詞：短期英語(yǔ)課程 a short-term English course

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______________________________________________________ _______

There was______time when everything to do with__nature could keep Anne spellbound.

A. a; the B. the; a

C. a; / D. the; the

It was because I didn't attend the meeting ______ I had no idea about the matter.

A. which B. that C. where D. As

His speech was heard by a group of judges, _________ agreed that it was the best one this year.

A. whose B. which

C. all of which D. all of whom

A teacher's________to the cause of education is worth great respect of the whole society because it brings countless benefits to the development of society.

A. devotion B. Principle

C. identity D. Guidance

--Is there a department store _______ I can get a birthday present for my brother?

-- Yes, just across the street.

A. which B. where C. how D. That

It's reported that a large number of people ________ been killed and the number _______added up to nearly 70,000.

A. has; has B. have; have

C. has; have D. have; has