When it    air pollution, Beijing faces the three “C” s-----cars，coal and construction，which lead to Beijing's thick air pollution．

A．refers to        B．comes to          C．happens to         D．speaks to

---Isn’t it a surprise that I happened to meet Francis Mathews at the Christmas Party last week?

---If my memory serves me correctly, you _____ each other for exactly two years.

A．hadn’t seen          B．haven’t seen          C．didn’t see           D．don’t see

Garter Druse ___________ his being selected for the important task to his courage，devotion and knowledge of the area.

A．led 　　　  B．owed           C．devoted           D．contributed

The schedule, originally ____ out last week, had to be cancelled because of the unexpected snow storm.

A．carried       B．to be carried           C．being carried           D．was carried

--- I’m not good at singing, you know.

---       ．It’s just for fun.

A．All right           B．No problem           C．Come on        D．Cheer up

For as long as I can remember, I have been very_1____ at arguing with people．As soon as someone disagrees with me, I get angry because I feel __2__, like the other person is out to show that I am __3__．And for some reason, I hate being wrong! So my __4__ reaction is to get very defensive．I __5__ my voice, and I end up saying something I later __6__．Needless to say, the whole thing ends with me blaming __7__, and the other person feeling alienated（疏遠(yuǎn)） from me．This bothers me especially because my mother does the exact same thing and I hate __8__.

       I have noticed this tendency in me for a long time now, __9__ I have never been able to stop．I did some __10__ management work with a therapist（治療專家） a while ago, but because I moved and __11__ an advisor at school who can’t see me __12__, I have not been able to continue this important work．They tell you to stop and count to 10, __13__ your breathing, calm yourself down before you __14__．But that’s the whole problem．I could never think of __15__ myself until it was too late! The __16__ things had already come out of my mouth, and I was stuck picking up the pieces.

       Right now the _17__ is urgent because my relationships with a wonderful boy is __18__ because of my being afraid of being wrong．He is closing himself off from me because I have hurt him, and __19__ I am no longer attractive as a woman with no confidence in myself and a bad temper．How do I stop ruining my relationships and hating myself? How do I stop __20__ being wrong?

1．A．bad                       B．good                   C．hateful                D．quick

2．A．disappointed          B．excited                C．a(chǎn)ttacked             D．a(chǎn)shamed

3．A．wrong                  B．foolish                 C．empty-headed      D．right

4．A．unusual                 B．immediate          C．following             D．last

5．A．raise                     B．lower                  C．keep                   D．change

6．A．remember             B．regret                  C．forget                 D．realize

7．A．her                       B．him                     C．me                      D．myself

8．A .it                            B．her                      C．them                   D．us

9．A．so                        B．but                      C．a(chǎn)lthough              D．however

10．A．health                  B．a(chǎn)ction                  C．calmness             D．a(chǎn)nger

11．A．headed to             B．a(chǎn)sked for             C．turned to            D．referred to

12．A．regularly              B．carelessly            C．immediately         D．patiently

13．A．stop                    B．manage               C．keep                   D．control

14．A．say                     B．chat                    C speak                    D．talk

15．A．stopping              B．managing             C．persuading           D．helping

16．A．hurtful                B．surprising            C．colorful               D．dangerous

17．A．event                  B．thing                   C．a(chǎn)ffair                  D．problem

18．A．in the way           B．in the end            C．in danger             D．in the beginning

19．A．no doubt             B．no problem          C．no wonder           D．no way

20．A．liking          B．hating            C．finding            D．dealing

Below is adapted from an English dictionary

1．I didn’t really mean my partner is a snake; it was just a ______.

     A．figure of eight                                  B．figure head

     C．figure of speech                               D．a(chǎn) fine figure

2．---She was coming late again．

---______! That’s typical of her.

    A．It figures her out                          B．It figures

    C．It cuts a poor figure                     D．She is a figure of fun

3．What does “watch my figure” in the sentence “Don’t tempt me with chocolate; I am watching my figure.” mean?

    A．a(chǎn)dd the numbers                                B．have sports

    C．try not to get fat                               D．watch games

A 17-year-old boy, caught sending text messages in class, was recently sent to the vice principal's office at Millwood High School in Halifax, Nova Scotia．The vice principal, Steve Gallagher, told the boy he needed to focus on the teacher, not his cellphone．The boy listened politely and nodded, and that's when Mr. Gallagher noticed the student's fingers moving on his lap．He was texting while being scolded for texting．“It was a subconscious act,” says Mr. Gallagher, who took the phone away．“Young people today are connected socially from the moment they open their eyes in the morning until they close their eyes at night．It's compulsive.”

A study this year by psychology students at Covenant College in Lookout Mountain, Ga., found that the more time young people spend on Facebook, the more likely they are to have lower grades and weaker study habits．Heavy Facebook users show signs of being more sociable, but they are also more likely to be anxious, hostile or depressed．（Doctors, meanwhile, are now blaming addictions to 'night texting' for disturbing the sleep patterns of teens.）

Almost a quarter of today's teens check Facebook more than 10 times a day, according to a 2009 survey by Common Sense Media, a nonprofit group that monitors media's impact on families．Will these young people get rid of this habit once they enter the work force, or will employers come to see texting and 'social-network checking' as accepted parts of the workday?

Think back．When today's older workers were in their 20s, they might have taken a break on the job to call friends and make after-work plans．In those earlier eras, companies discouraged non-business-related calls, and someone who made personal calls all day risked being fired．It was impossible to imagine the constant back-and-forth texting that defines interactions among young people today.

Educators are also being asked by parents, students and educational strategists to reconsider their rules．“In past generations, students got in trouble for passing notes in class．Now students are adept at texting with their phones still in their pockets,” says 40-year-old Mr. Gallagher, the vice principal, “and they're able to communicate with someone one floor down and three rows over．Students are just fundamentally different today．They will take suspensions rather than give up their phones.”

1．The underlined word “a subconscious act” refers to an act __________．

      A．on purpose                                         B．without realization 

       C．in secret                                           D．with care

2．Young people addicted to the use of Facebook _________.

      A．a(chǎn)re good at dealing with the social relationships and concentrate on their study

      B．have high spirits and positive attitudes towards their life and work[來源:學(xué)#科#網(wǎng)]

      C．have been influenced mentally in the aspects of behaviors and habits

      D．a(chǎn)re always in bad mood and have poor performance in every respect

3．Mr. Gallagher reminds us that the students in the past and those today _________.

      A．like to break rules and have the same means of sending messages

      B．a(chǎn)re always the big problem for the educators and their parents

      C．like sending text messages but those today do it in a more secret and skillful way

      D．cannot live without a cellphone

4．What’s the best title of the passage?

      A．Teenagers and Cellphones                   B．Teenagers’ Texting Addiction

      C．Employers and Teenagers                    D．Teenagers’ Education

About six years ago I was eating lunch in a restaurant in New York City when a woman and a young boy sat down at the next table, I couldn’t help overhearing parts of their conversation．At one point the woman asked, “So, how have you been?” And the boy — who could not have been more than seven or eight years old — replied．“Frankly, I’ve been feeling a little depressed lately.”

This incident stuck in my mind because it confirmed （確認(rèn)） my growing belief that children are changing．As far as I can remember, my friends and I didn’t find out we were “depressed”, that is, in low spirits, until we were in high school.

Undoubtedly a change in children has increased steadily in recent years．Children don’t seem childlike anymore．Children speak more like adults, dress more like adults and behave more like adults than they used to.

Whether this is good or bad is difficult to say, but it certainly is different．Childhood as it once was no longer exists．Why?

Human development is depended not only on born biological states, but also on patterns of gaining social knowledge．Movement from one social role to another usually involves learning the secrets of the new social positions．Children have always been taught adult secrets, but slowly and in stages; traditionally, we tell sixth graders things we keep hidden from fifth graders.

In the last 30 years, however, a secret-revelation （揭示） machine has been equipped in 98 percent of American homes．It is called television．Television passes information to all viewers alike, whether they are children or adults．Unable to resist the temptation （誘惑） , many children turn their attention from printed texts to the less challenging, more attractive moving pictures.

Communication through print, as a matter of fact, allows for a great deal of control over the social information which children will gain．Children must read simple books before they can read complex materials.

1．According to the author, feeling depressed is ________.

       A．a(chǎn) sure sign of a mental problem in a child

       B．a(chǎn) mental state present in all humans, including children

       C．something that cannot be avoided in children’s mental development

       D．something hardly to be expected in a young child

2．Traditionally, a child is supposed to learn about the adult world _________.

       A．through connection with society          B．gradually and under guidance

       C．naturally without being taught               D．through watching television

3．According to the author, that today’s children seem adult like results from ______.

       A．the widespread influence of television

       B．the poor arrangement of teaching content

       C．the fast pace of human scientific development

       D．the rising standard of living

4．What does the author think of communication through print for children?

       A．It enables children to gain more social information.

       B．It develops children’s interest in reading and writing.

       C．It helps children to read and write well.

       D．It can control what children are to learn.

5．What does the author think of the change in today’s children?

       A．He feels their adultlike behavior is so funny.

       B．He thinks the change worthy of note.

C．He considers it a rapid development 

D．He seems to be upset about it.

Is a mouse that can speak acceptable? How about a dog with human hands or feet? Scientists, the people with the know-how to make such things happen, are now thinking about whether such experiments are morally right or not.

    On Nov．10, Britain’s Academy of Medical Sciences launched a study on the use of animals with human materials in scientific research．The work is expected to take at least a year, but its leaders hope it will lead to guidelines for scientists in Britain and around the world on how far they can go mixing human genes into animals in search of ways to fight human diseases.

“Do these constructs （構(gòu)想） challenge our idea of what it is to be human?” asked Martin Bobrow, a professor of medical genetics at Cambridge University and chair of a 14-member group looking into the issue．“It is important that we consider these questions now so that appropriate boundaries are recognized.”

Using human material in animals is not new．Scientists have already created monkeys that have a human form of the Huntingdon’s gene so they can study how the disease develops; and mice with livers （肝） made from human cells are being used to study the effects of new drugs.

However, scientists say the technology to put ever greater amounts of human genetic material into animals is spreading quickly around the world --- raising the possibility that some scientists in some places may want to go further than is morally acceptable.

     Last year in Britain there was a lively debate over new laws allowing the creation of human-animal embryos （胚胎） for experiments．On one side of the debate were religious groups, who claimed that such science interferes with nature．Opposing them were scientists who pointed out that such experiments were vital to research cures for diseases．

The experts will publish reports after the end of the study, in which they will give definitions （定義） for animal embryos with human genes or cells, look at safety and animal welfare issues, and consider the right legal framework to work within．

1．What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

     A．Scientists in Britain and around the world.

  B．Leaders of the research.

     C．Guidelines for scientists．

  D．Scientific experiments.

2．Scientists do research of mixing human genes into animals in order to ____.

     A．test new drugs on animals

     B．to find ways to fight human diseases

     C．prove the research is morally acceptable

     D．create monkeys and mice with livers made from human cells

3．We can infer from the passage that ____.

     A．the experts will release reports after the study

     B．scientists have never doubted the use of animals with human materials

     C．the creation of human-animal embryos for experiments is legal in Britain

     D．religious groups hold that cures for diseases have to be done through experiments

4．What would be the best title of the passage?

  A．Morally right or not?                           B．A debate about new laws

  C．Cures for diseases                         D．Animal embryos with human genes