(山東省聊城市2008年高三年級模擬（四）D篇)

Some critics of American society say that dishonesty is rampant (猖獗) in the Federal Government. One example they city took place during March and April, 1980. For a whole month, they say, the United States lied to its allies (同盟國).

Cyrus Vance, who was then Secretary of State, was given the task of telling Great Britain, Japan, France, Germany and others that the United States would not take military action against Iran as long as we had the cooperation of our allies. Secretary of State Vance knew that the sudden attack to get out the American captives was already planned while he was talking to our allies. But he also knew that the reason for this deliberate lying was to save lives. The primary purpose of the deception(欺騙) was not to trick our allies but to mislead the Iranian kidnappers(綁架者) so that a rescue attempt could take place.

    Many students of ethics believe that lying for the sake of one’s country is justifiedin certain cases. In this case, having lied for the sake of his country, Secretary Vance secretly wrote a letter of resignation before the attack took place. By submitting(提交) his resignation before the attack, he showed that the result had nothing to do with his resignation. It can be said that former Secretary of State Vance deceived other governments only for humanitarian reasons. Then, once he had lied, he resigned.

  In that case, it is argued, lying may be justified. Without the deception, the rescue mission could not have taken place. Of course, dishonesty in government—at local, state and national levels—does not always have such noble reasons. A prime example is the so called Watergate Affair.

Most Americans were surprised and outraged by the news of Watergate Affair. But many Europeans were surprised at our surprise. Some European observers explained that they tend to think of lying；cheating, deception and corruption(腐敗) as part of politics and government.

71. Secretary of State, Cyrus Vance lied, to the allies__________.

A. to mislead Iranian government B. on the purpose of saving lives

C. for the sake of his own benefit D. in order to get their cooperation

72. From the passage we learn that the United States ___________.

A. tricked their allies into attacking Iran  

B. took military action to capture Iranian kidnappers

C. undertook a rescue mission with the help of their allies

D. carried out an attack to rescue some Americans from the Iranian kidnappers

73. According to the passage, many students regard Vance’s lying as________.

A. a reason for his resignation B. reasonable and acceptable

C. unbelievable and unreasonable D. an indication of his dishonesty

74. The author, like most Americans, regards the Watergate Affair as___________.

A. uncommon in politics and government B. part of politics and government

C. justified dishonesty in government D. a lie with noble reason   

75. What is the best title of the passage?

A. The US government – a responsible government.

B. Cooperation means military success.

C. Should all dishonesty be criticized?

D. Lying, a normal phenomenon in Europe.

 (山東省聊城市2008年高三年級模擬（四）B篇)

Are you a team person? Are you at your best as part of a small, tightly united group of dedicated workers? If so, the future may hold more for you than you think.

High technology, some predicted, would make team work a thing of the past. That’s happening in those areas of business and data processing where one person and a computer can replace a team of workers.

But, elsewhere, teamwork is very much alive. High technology has led to a new type of teamwork in a number of fields, including advertising, scientific research, engineering design, architecture and ocean exploration. Through computer networking, scientists, engineers and technicians at different locations – often thousands of miles apart – can work on the same project at once. They can exchange ideas, try out different designs and test their results.

Examples? An engineering team can now design and try out a robot system, a new manufacturing process, or an entire factory before it is built. An architectural team can do the same with a building or a bridge. A medical team can simulate (模擬) a dangerous operation before performing it on a patient.

Of course, computer – assisted team effort doesn’t end with investigation and simulation. It now usually continues into actual design, manufacturing and testing. “Computer – aide design (CAD) and computer – aided manufacture (CAM) are breaking down barriers between traditional design and manufacturing functions,” explains Dr. Prakash Rao, an engineering manager at General Electric. “Interdisciplinary (跨學(xué)科的) teams and engineers follow a product from concept to production. Everything is interconnected like a network.”

Sometimes a computer – aided effort can extend beyond production. A team that produces robots may use them to explore space and ocean depth. For high – technology team work, the future seems limitless.

61. The underlined part “hold more” most probably means to          .

A. maintain more chances        B. give more rights

C. make more regulations        D. store more information

62. According to the passage, the writer believers that         .

A. teamwork requires more use of computers than that of human beings

B. teamwork will be completely replaced by computers

C. the concept of teamwork is still alive and no longer the same as the past

D. high technology would make teamwork a thing of the past

63. The examples given by the writer in Paragraph 4 serve           .

A. to prove high technology has a promising future

B. to explain his idea of new type of teamwork is reasonable

C. to show that it tends to be an end to teamwork soon

D. to indicate the computer – assisted team effort just means investigation and simulation.

64. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Many fields of science and technology are now using computers effectively.

B. No details are given in the passage about barriers between traditional desigand manufacturing functions.

C. Experts from different fields have to cooperate to develop a product from concept to production.

D. High technology is nothing but a new type of teamwork plus CAD and CAM. 

65. The author’s attitude to towards the introduction of the computer to teamwork is of         .

A. objection      B. indifference     C. support        D. doubt

 (福建省廈門雙十中學(xué)2008年6月迎考熱身試卷C篇)

Martha’s Vineyard has long been considered a favorite quiet of the Northeast. The vineyard is rich in history, breathtaking beaches, and beautiful scenery. It is well known for its unique lighthouses – you’ll enjoy the variety and the history of each lighthouse, among the most photographed structures on the Vineyard. When the former First Family, the Clintons, chose to vacation on the island several years ago, it became a more popular tourist attraction.

Martha’s Vineyard got its name from its discoverer, Bartholomew Gosnold, who gave it the name of his wife Martha and was in memory of the thick growth of wild trees on the land.

The island of Martha’s Vineyard lies south of Cape Cod off the southeastern coast of Massachusetts，United States. It is nearly 20 miles long and runs from 2 to 10 miles in width. There are wide, hard beaches on the southern side. The north is hilly, but in the south and eastern parts there are wide areas of open land covered with wild flowers.

The island was discovered early in the 17th century. The Indians were quiet and friendly, and the new-comers fished for a living, making a lot of money from whaling (捕鯨). With the decline (衰落) of whaling and sailing ships, Martha’s Vineyard was almost forgotten until about 60 years ago when people began to buy the old houses of the whaling captains and the small buildings of the fishermen near the beaches. Now people go there year after year for their summer holidays.

63．What is Martha’s Vineyard famous for?

       A．Lighthouses.                                                B．A long history.                    

       C．Friendly Indians.                                          D．Fishing industry.

64．Which of the following maps tells where Martha’s Vineyard is？

   （Mas = Massachusetts；C = Cape Cod；M = Martha's Vineyard）

65．Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?

       A．How the island got its name.                          B．The population of the island.

       C．The scenery of the island.                             D．When the island was discovered.

66．When you visit Martha’s Vineyard,           .

      A．you can see a lot of hills in the eastern parts

       B．you can enjoy the sunshine on the beach on the northern side

       C．you can live in the fishermen’s old houses in the hills

       D．you can see different kinds of lighthouses and learn about the history

 (江蘇省金壇一中2009屆高三5月模擬D篇)

Read the postcards and choose the best answer for each question.

63. The order in which Lisa visited the cities is ______.

A.      Delhi, Bikaner, Agra, Jaipur

B.      Delhi, Bikaner, Jaipur, Agra

C.      Jaipur, Bikaner, Agra, Delhi

D.     Bikaner, Delhi, Jaipur, Agra

64. According to the postcards, which of the following statements is TRUE? Lisa _______.

A. was hesitant about going on a camel ride

B. visited the Hawa Mahal and the City Palace on the same day.

C. did not have the opportunity to visit the India Gate

D. did not get to see as much of Delhi as she would have liked

65. The aspect of the Taj Mahal that impressed Lisa the most was its ________.

A. colour        B. shape          C. location     D. size

66. The postcards from Lisa about her trip to India indicate that ______.

A. she plans to return to India some day soon

B. the hotels she stayed in had excellent service

C. the people she met in India were friendly

D. she thoroughly enjoyed her trip

 (江蘇省淮安市2009屆高三第四次調(diào)研考試B篇)

Over 2,000 years, the examination of the pulse has been a mysterious skill in Traditional Chinese Medicine. Although many westerners may have known something about methods like inspecting, listening and enquiring, pulse reading as a tool to determine physical condition is not common knowledge. It is therefore worth our effort to take a closer look at it.

There are three positions on each wrist which are used for analysis: the front, middle and back part, and analyzed at three different levels: superficial, middle and deep.

On the left wrist, the front position focuses on the condition of the heart and small intestine (小腸), the middle position concentrates on the functions of the liver and gall bladder, and the back position is connected with the kidney. The lungs and large intestine are the centre of attention in the front position on the right wrist, with the middle position focusing on the spleen and stomach and the back taking note of the “Gate of Vitality Fire’. This is the heat provider for all bodily functions.

In regards to the various levels, the superficial level reflects the state of energy, the middle level shows the state of blood flow, and the deep level is an indication of the state of the Yin organs. Suppose that the pulse in the left middle position was soft and smooth, neither superficial nor deep, it would suggest that the liver and gall bladder are in a good state of health.

Checking the pulse is actually far more complex. Doctors need to be able to recognize 26 different pulse categories. For example, a scattered pulse which is irregular and hardly noticeable, is a sign that a patient is critically ill and nearing death. Other categories include the rapid pulse, probably a sign of a fever; or the tense pulse, which may suggest that the patient is suffering from pain. Many pulses only have subtle differences; thus, pulse examination is often seen as being more than just a skill but an actual art form.

This kind of medical diagnosis can be affected by many factors, so before any examination, it is important that patients are in a relaxed physical and mental state so they can get the most accurate reading. The morning is often the best time to take such a reading, as a busy day in the office or vigorous exercise before seeing the doctor can influence the quality of the pulse. The right amount of pressure must be applied by the doctor for the right duration of time. Patients’ characteristics are also of importance. Children, for instance, have quick pulses and athletes have slower than usual ones. Even seasonal influences need to be taken into account.

59. Which of the following is the most suitable title for this passage?

A. Chinese Pulse Checking

B. Difficulties in Pulse Checking

C. What Makes a Good Doctor

D. Brief Introduction to Traditional Chinese Medicine

60. Which factor is NOT mentioned as possibly influencing the accuracy of a pulse reading?

A. Amount of force used.                           B. Time of day.

C. Climate.                                             D. Body height.

61. From the passage we can infer that the writer believes __________.

A. Chinese medicine is too difficult to learn

B. pulse reading requires a long-time study and practice

C. doctors need to be familiar with Chinese history

D. pulse examination is unimportant and no longer necessary

 (福建省廈門外國語學(xué)校2009屆高三最后一次模擬C篇)

In a recent class I was asked “What is a short story?” My first answer was that it was something that could be read in one sitting and brought an illumination（啟示）to the reader, sudden and golden like sunlight cracking through heavy cloud. I went on to say that in my opinion a “real” short story was closer to poetry than to the novel.

Here are some definitions of the short story. My favorite is Benet's: “something that can be read in an hour and remembered for a lifetime”. One writer said: “the theme of a novel won't fit into the framework of a short story; it's like trying to squeeze a large painting done on a wall into the frame of a miniature （微型畫）. And as in a miniature painting, the details need to be sharp. ”

The short story is an example of one aspect of human nature. Often a character undergoes some event, something that offers him or her change. This is why it’s said that short stories usually “say something ”, often a small something, but sometimes delivered with such accuracy that the effect is strongly felt, even a life-moment for some readers, something similar to a religious experience or to witnessing a never-to-be-repeated scene in nature.

Ok, let’s form a definition here: A short story is an account, rarely over 10, 000 words or below 500 words—more commonly 1, 500 to 5, 000 words—a single-sitting read, but with enough time and weight to move the reader. It is narrow and focused to produce an effect through the story, most commonly through events affecting some change in an individual.

Writer Isabelle Allende once wrote: “Novels are, for me, adding up details, just work, work, work, then you're done. Short stories are more difficult—they have to be perfect, complete in themselves. ”

64．The writer of the passage is probably a ______.

A. poet                 B. painter             C. teacher             D. student

65．What should the ideal short story be in length?

A. at most 10, 000 words                B. below 500 words      

C. over 5, 000words                    D. around 2, 000 words

66．The underlined word “undergoes ” in the third paragraph probably means “________ ”.

A. experiences          B. discovers           C. discusses          D. appreciates

67．What would be the best title for the passage?

A. How Do You Write a Short Story?        B. What Exactly Is a Short Story?

C. Is a Short Story Similar to Poetry?        D. Are Short Stories Perfect and Complete?

 (湖北省鐘祥六中2009年高三高考沖刺最后一卷C篇)

For the most part, schools are designed to produce people who fit into society, not people who set out to change it. However, schools, particularly universities, may not only spread culture; they may add to the cultural heritage (遺產(chǎn)). Today American society places a good deal of emphasis on the development of new knowledge, especially in the physical and biological sciences, medicine, and engineering. In recent years, the nation’s leading universities have increasingly become research centres.

An emphasis on research has led universities to judge professors not by abilities as teachers, but as researchers. Promotions, salary increases, and other benefits have long been dependent on research and publication (出版物). However, the most important is no longer publishing. To be successful these days, professors have to bring in money provided by government and private industry. Critics claim that academic success is most likely to come to those who have learned to “ignore” their teaching duties to pursue research activities. Defenders say that even when students themselves are not involved in research projects they benefit from such an emphasis on research.

Major research universities like the Massachusetts Institute of Technology have also cooperated with industrial companies to develop technology and products with commercial potential. With university-industry ties continuing to grow, debate has increased about the consequences for basic science, academic openness, the control of information, the direction of research, and the influence on students.

59. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT emphasized by today’s American society?

A. Physical science.                     B. Biological sciences.      

C. Engineering.                        D. Computer science.

60. In the present standard, a successful professor is one who can ______.

A. teach well                                     B. get financial support for research

C. get the highest salary                           D. have many publications

61. Supporters of the present emphasis on research argue that ______.

A. it involves more students in it

B. it does good to students anyway

C. it has a direct good effect on teaching

D. it earns a lot of money for a university

62. The author seems to be _______ the move of emphasis to research.

A. totally against            B. sorry to see      C. in favor of       D. neutral (中立) about

 (湖北省鐘祥六中2009年高三高考沖刺最后一卷B篇)

If you have a chance to go to Finland, you will probably be surprised to find how “foolish” the Finnish people are.

Take the taxi drivers for example. Taxis in Finland are mostly high-class Benz with a fare of two US dollars a kilometer. You can go anywhere in one, tell the driver to drop you at any place, say that you have some business to attend to, and then walk off without paying your fare. The driver would not show the least sign of anxiety.

The dining rooms in all big hotels not only serve their guests, but also serve outside diners. Hotel guests have their meals free, so they naturally go to the free dining rooms to have their meals. The most they would do to show their good faith is to wave their registration card to the waiter. With such a loose check, you can easily use any old registration (登記) card to take a couple of friends to dine free of charge.

The Finnish workers are paid by the hour. They are very much on their own as soon as they have agreed with the boss on the rate. From then on they just say how many hours they have worked and they will be paid accordingly.

With so many loopholes (漏洞) in everyday life, surely Finland must be a heaven to those who love to take “petty advantages”. But the strange thing is, all the taxi passengers would always come back to pay their fare after they have attended to their business; not a single outsider has ever been found in the free hotel dining rooms. And workers always give an honest account of the exact hours they put in. As the Finns always act on good faith in everything they do, living in such a society has turned everyone into a real “gentleman”.

55. The underlined words in this passage means to “______”.

 A. be ready to help others                          B. make good use of one’s friends

    C. be a little ahead of others                   D. gain something at other’s expense

56. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage? 

A. While taking a taxi in Finland, you can get off without first paying your fare.

    B. In a big hotel in Finland, you can enjoy free meals if you’re living in the hotel.

    C. The bosses in Finland pay the employees according to registration of their working hours.

    D. The workers are always honest with their working hours.

57. We can learn from the passage that ______.

    A. the Finnish society is of very high moral (道德) level

    B. there are many loopholes in everyday life in Finland

    C. in Finland, most taxi drivers will not charge you anything

    D. everyone in Finland is like a gentleman, for they have faith in themselves

58. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?

    A. Life in Finland                                     B. A Society with “Foolish” People

    C. What a Life                                         D. Honest accounts of the Finns

 (湖北省宜昌市一中2009屆高三5月仿真模擬考試D篇)

Writing being largely a self-taught occupation, texts on how to get about it —though great in number— seldom are of much use.

You try, and fail. Then try again. Until at last, if you have some gift for it, the failures become less frequent, or at any rate less apparantly.

It is this ability to cover up one’s defects that is finally regarded as accomplishment or achievement.

Along the way there are the discouragements of unkind criticism, outright rejection, troublesome insecurity and irregular inability to meet debts.

It is uncommon, therefore, to come across a book containing advice of much practical value for anyone toying(漫不經(jīng)心地考慮) with the dangerous idea of staring on a writing life.

A friend recently lent me such a book, however — one I wish I’d had the luck to read years ago, and which I would recommend to any young person devoted to making a career of words. It is the autobiography (自傳) of the English novelist Anthony Trollope, first published in 1883, the year after his death.

Needing some means to support himself, Trollope at age 19 worked as a junior clerk in the British postal service. He was at his desk at 5:30 each morning to write for three hours. And he remained in the mail service 33 years, long after reputation and prosperity had come to him.

Now, what of his advice in his works?

1. For safety’s sake, arm yourself with some other skills, some other line of work to fall back on(求助). That way, failure at writing, though the disappointment may appear, will not mean ruin.

2. Do not depend too much on inspiration. Writing is a craft, which Trollope compared to the craft of shoemaking. The shoemaker who has just turned out one pair of his work sets to work immediately on the next pair.

3. Have a story to tell, but, more important than that, people with characters who will speak and move as living creatures in the reader’s mind. Without memorable characters, story alone is nothing.

4. Meet your deadlines. Life is endlessly “painful and troublesome” for writers who can’t finish their work on time.

5. Do not be carried away by praise. And, above all, do not be injured by criticism.

6. Understand the risks of writing for a living. “The career, when successful, is pleasant enough certainly; but when unsuccessful, it is of all careers the most painful.”

63. This passage mainly discusses         .

A. the difficulties and risks of making a career of words

B. the uselessness of instructions contained in writing guidebooks

C. the autobiography of the 19th century English novelist Anthony Trollope

D. sound advice provided in Anthony. Trollope’s autobiography

64. From the context we can figure out that the underlined word “defect” in Paragraph 3 means         .

A. advantage                        B. fault                C. truth                      D. disadvantage

65. According to the author, writing         .

A. is basically a self-taught occupation and no instructions on how to deal with it are of any practical use

B. is a “trial and error” process and it does not count whether you have the gift for writing or not

C. for a living is the most pleasant of all careers, full of praise and enjoyment

D. sometimes provides good hopes of winning public praise and escaping poverty

66. From the passage we may infer that the author is most probably         .

A. an instructor of writing     B. a writer    C. an educator             D. a publisher

 (湖北省新洲區(qū)實驗高中2009屆高三5月檢測A篇)

Chinese mainland's star-making reality TV show "Happy Boy" will not be open to male applicants from Hong Kong, Taiwan, Macau or other foreign cities, said the country's top TV industry committee yesterday.

Happy Boy is the male version of Super Girl, which is regarded as the Chinese version of American Idol. The girl's event, operated by central China's Hunan TV, drew an audience of 400 million for the final match in 2005. The country's State Administration of Radio, Film and Television approved the male version earlier this month. However, the regulation that only mainland's male applicants are allowed to register was released just days before the application procedure began on Wednesday in Changsha, one of the five mainland cities to hold the contest. The other four includes Chengdu and three undecided cities.

The regulation spoiled Hunan TV's ambition to extend the series to the overseas market, an official with the TV station told the Hunan-based Xiaoxiang Morning yesterday. "My Hero," another star-making reality show by Shanghai's SMG Dragon TV, said it was not informed of the regulation, and it is still receiving foreign applicants, said an official with Dragon TV. A previous regulation by the administration has made clear that televised talent shows can't run for more than six weeks at a time. While the first "Happy Boy" may last for five months, according to a previous report.

Last year there were about 10 influential star-making TV shows across the country, among which those from CCTV, Hunan Satellite TV and SMG's Dragon TV, were the most popular. "Super Girl" ran for almost five months and "My Hero" lasted four months. While the shows have proven popular, they have also earned many complaints from people who say they are crude and not satisfactory.

61. It can be inferred from the passage that _______.

A. Male applicants from Hong Kong won’t be accepted to attend Happy Boy show.

B. American Idol was started earlier than Super Girl.

C. It was Hunan TV that made the regulation that they couldn’t accept foreign applicants.

D. Audience love American Idol better than Happy Boy.

62. Which of the following may best explain the underlined word spoiled in paragraph 3?

A. gave        B. prevented        C. encouraged     D. affected

63. We can safely draw the conclusion that ________.

A. Hunan TV will obey the regulations issued by the administration.

B. Dragon TV broke the regulations on purpose.

C. there were about 10 popular TV shows across the country.

D. not all of the audience think highly of the shows.

64. The relationship between State Administration of Radio, Film and Television and Hunan

TV is possibly close to _______.

A. father and son                             B. teacher and student

C. coach and sportsmen                   D. police and criminal