科目: 來源: 題型:閱讀理解
Good tool design is important in the prevention of overuse injuries. Well-designed tools and equipment will require less force to operate them and prevent awkward (別扭的) hand positions. They will allow the worker to keep the elbows (肘) next to the body to prevent damage to the shoulder and arm.
Overuse injuries can therefore be prevented or reduced if the employer provides, and workers use:
power tools rather than having to use muscle power
tools with specially designed handles(把手) that allow the wrist (手腕) to keep straight (see the figures圖形). This means that hands and wrists are kept in the same position as they would be if they were hanging relaxed at a person’s side
tools with handles that can be held comfortably by the whole hand. This means having a selection of sizes---remember that tools that provide a comfortable firm hold for a person with a very large hand may be awkward for someone with a very small hand. This is a particularly important consideration for women who may use tools originally designed for men
tools that do not press fingers (or flesh )between the handles, and whose handles do not have sharp edges or a small surface area.
56. Which is the best title for the passage?
Good Tool Design for Women B. Importance of Good Tool Design
Tool Design and Prevention of Injuries D. Overuse of Tools and Worker Protection
57. Which of the following describes a well-designed tool?[]
It’s kept close to the body. B. It fully uses muscle power.
It makes users feel relaxed. D. It’s operated with less force.
58. What are the two figures(圖形) used to show?
The effective use of the tool. B. The way of operating the tool.
The proper design of the handle. D. The purpose of bending the wrist.
59. In choosing tools for women, ________ of the handle is the most important.
A. the size B. the edge C. the shape D. the position
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As skies are filled with millions of migrating(遷徙)birds, European scientists say the seasonal wonder appears to be strange: The fatter the bird, the better it flies.
The results of their study led to a theory opposite to a central one of aerodynamics(空氣動力學),which say that the power needed to fly increased with weight.
For birds, obviously, the cost of flying with heavy fat is much smaller than we used to think. Researchers found that red knot wading birds double their normal body weight of 100 grams before making their twice-a-year nonstop flight between the British Isles and the Russian Arctic. Distance: 5,000 kilometers.
Another study in the magazine Nature measured the advantage of flying in an aerodynamic group which allows birds to save energy by flying smoothly and quietly in the lead bird’s air stream.
Flying in groups, their heart rates were 14.5 percent lower than flying alone, according to Henri, a French scientist. The findings help explain how birds complete difficult migrations. Researchers had thought that thinner, stronger birds would have the best chance to survive.
The first study suggests that building up fat to be burnt as fuel during the migration is worth more than the energy it bakes to carry the additional weight.
In the study, researchers said their team studied the birds flown at different body weights during 28 simulated(模擬的)flights. They forced a small amount of special water into the birds’ bodies so that they could measure the amount of energy burnt during the flight.
64. A red knot wading bird of 100 grams will probably weigh _________ before making its nonstop migrating flight.
A. 50 grams B. 100 grams C. 150 grams D. 200 grams
65. During their migrating flight, red knot wading birds can save energy by flying ________.
A. separately B. alone C. in groups D. in pairs
66. A _______ red knot wading bird has a better chance to survive during its migrating flight.
A. stronger B. weaker C. thinner D. fatter
67. The best title for this passage may probably be __________.
A. Birds Thin Down For Journey B. Birds Fatten Up For Journey
C. How Birds Build Up Fat For Journey D. How Birds Burn Energy For Journey
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The classical study of family size and IQ was conducted in the Netherlands. It was based on the military examinations of more than 386,000 Dutchmen. Researchers found that the brightest subjects came from the smallest families and had few, if any, brothers and sisters when they were born. Thus the firstborn child in a family of two was usually brighter than the last child in a family.
The effects of family size on intelligence may be explained by what a house full of children does to the home environment. It increases the amount of time a child spends with other children and decreases the amount of parental attention he or she receives. For example, a parent with one restless child is likely to sit and play with the child. The same parent with two or three restless children is more likely to ask them to play with each other. Some psychologists say that when a child interacts with an adult alone, the child learns more and therefore intelligence is increased. Researchers have also found that parents often expect more from their firstborn, which motivates such children to seek a higher standard.
Not all psychologists agree that firstborns tend to be more intelligent. They say that the data need to be examined more closely for other possible explanations. For example, in industrialized nations most large families come from lower socio-economic backgrounds. Thus environment, not family size or birth order, may be influencing intelligence. On the other hand, there may be genetic variations (基因變異) within families that also explain the cause of differences.
If firstborns have advantages in the area of intelligence, research has also shown that they may be more conforming (墨守成規(guī)) and have poorer social skills than their younger siblings (brothers and sisters ). Although more research needs to be done in this area, it is clear that such factors as birth order, the order in which boys and girls are born into a family, the number of years that separate siblings probably have an effect on the development of intelligence, personality, and social relationships.
60. The underlined word "subjects" in the first paragraph means ________.
A. branches of knowledge B. persons chosen to be studied in experiments
C. any member of a state except the top ruler D. something to be considered
61. Psychologists are divided with regard to (關(guān)于) their opinions toward________.
A. the way in which the data are explained B. the advantages of firstborns in the area of IQ
C. the planned size of families D. the factors influencing intelligence
62. Why are firstborns encouraged to seek a higher standard?
A. They are more obedient (服從) and have poorer social skills.
B. Their parents spend less time with other children.
C. They obtain more attention from their parents.
D. Their parents expect more from them.
63. The best title for this passage would be________.
A. Family Size and IQ B. The Preference of Boys to Girls
C. The Development of Intelligence D. Factors Influencing IQ
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Not all memories are sweet.Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences.Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences.
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase the effect of painful memories.
In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain.So far, the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of meomories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.
The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers’ troubling memories after wars.
They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories. “Some memories can ruin people’s lives.They come back to you when you don’t want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions,”said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry(精神病學)at Harvard Medical School. “This could relieve(減輕)a lot of that suffering.”
But those who are against the research say that changing memories is very dangerous because memories give us our identity. They also help us avoid the mistakes in the past. “All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I am not sure we’d want to wipe those memories out.”said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.
63.What’s the main idea of this passage?
A. People often suffer from bad memories.
B. American researchers are trying to develop a pill.
C. Forget bad memories , and be happy.
D. The research has caused a heated argument.
64.The underlined word “it”in Paragraph 4 refers to “_____”.
A. the new drug B. the research into the drug
C. the bad memory D. the chemical in the drug
65.Which of the following is NOT the opinion of the opponents(反對者)?
A. Our memories give us our identity.
B. The memories help human avoid mistakes of the past.
C. The drug should be used in only very serious cases.
D. People may not be sure whether they want to wipe the memories out.
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You might think that “global warming” means nothing more than a rise in the world’s temperature But rising sea levels caused by it have resulted in the first evacuation(撤離)of an island nation—the citizens of Tuvalu will have to leave their homeland. During the 20th century, sea level rose 8—12 inches. As a result .Tuvalu has experienced lowland flooding of salt water which has polluted the country’s drinking water. Paani Laupepa, a Tuvaluan government official ,reported to the Earth Policy Institute that the nation suffered an unusually high number of fierce storms in the past ten years. Many scientists connect higher surface water temperatures resulting from global warming to greater and more damaging storms. Laupepa expressed dissatisfaction with the United States for refusing to sign the Kyoto Protocol, an international agreement calling for industrialized nations to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions(導致溫室效應的氣體排放),which are a main cause of global warming. “By refusing to sign the agreement ,the US has effectively taken away the freedom of future generations of Tuvaluans to live where their forefathers have lived for thousands of years,” Laupepa told the BBC. Tuvalu has asked Australia and New Zealand to allow the gradual move of its people to both countries . Tuvalu is not the only country that is vulnerable (易受影響的)to rising sea levels. Maumoon Gayoon, president of the Maldives ,told the United Nations that global warming has made his country of 311,000 an “endangered nation”. 60.The text is mainly about . A.rapid changes in earth’s temperature B.bad effects of global warming C.moving of a country to a new place D.reasons for lowland flooding 61.According to scientists ,the DIRECT cause of more and fiercer storms is . A.greenhouse gas emissions in industrialized nations B.higher surface water temperatures of the sea C.continuous global warming D.rising sea levels 62.Laupepa was not satisfied with the United States because it did not . A.a(chǎn)gree to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions B.sign an agreement with Tuvalu C.a(chǎn)llow Tuvaluans to move to the US D.believe the problems facing Tuvalu were real 63.The country whose situation is similar to that of Tuvalu is . A.Australia B.New Zealand C.the Maldives D.the United States 查看答案和解析>> 科目: 來源: 題型:閱讀理解 淮安市南陳集中學2010-2011第一學期期中教學調(diào)研高一英語試題.do | | |
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