定語從句的用法] 定語從句 定語從句在句中做定語.修飾一個名詞或代詞.被修飾的名詞,詞組或代詞即先行詞.定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后.由關(guān)系詞引出. 關(guān)系代詞有:who, whom, whose, that, which等. 關(guān)系副詞有:when, where, why等. 1 關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 關(guān)系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞.并在句中充當(dāng)主語.賓語.定語等成分.關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時.從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致. 1)who, whom, that這些詞代替的先行詞是人的名詞或代詞.在從句中所起作用如下: Is he the man who/that wants to see you?他就是你想見的人嗎? He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.他就是我昨天見的那個人. 2) Whose 用來指人或物.(只用作定語, 若指物.它還可以同of which互換), 例如: Please pass me the book whose cover is green. 請遞給我那本綠皮的書. 3)which, that它們所代替的先行詞是事物的名詞或代詞.在從句中可作主語.賓語等. The package you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了. 2 關(guān)系副詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句 關(guān)系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間.地點或理由的名詞.在從句中作狀語. 1)when, where, why 關(guān)系副詞when, where, why的含義相當(dāng)于"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu).因此常常和"介詞+ which"結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用.例如: There are occasions when one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的時候. Beijing is the place where I was born. 北京是我的出生地. 2)that代替關(guān)系副詞that可以用于表示時間.地點.方式.理由的名詞后取代when, where, why和"介詞+ which"引導(dǎo)的定語從句.在口語中that常被省略.例如: His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父親在他出生那年逝世了. 3 限制性和非限制性定語從句 1) 定語從句有限制性和非限制性兩種.限制性定語從句是先行詞不可缺少的部分.去掉它主句意思往往不明確,非限制性定語從句是先行詞的附加說明.去掉了也不會影響主句的意思.它與主句之間通常用逗號分開.例如: This is the house which we bought last month.這是我們上個月買的那幢房子. The house, which we bought last month, is very nice .這幢房子很漂亮.是我們上個月買的. 當(dāng)先行詞是專有名詞或物主代詞和指示代詞所修飾時.其后的定語從句通常是非限制性的.例如: Charles Smith, who was my former teacher, retired last year. 查理·史密斯去年退休了.他曾經(jīng)是我的老師. My house, which I bought last year, has got a lovely garden. 我去年買的的那幢房子帶著個漂亮的花園. 3) 非限制性定語從句還能將整個主句作為先行詞, 對其進(jìn)行修飾, 這時從句謂語動詞要用第三人稱單數(shù).例如: Liquid water changes to vapor, which is called evaporation. 液態(tài)水變?yōu)檎羝?這就叫做蒸發(fā). 說明:關(guān)系代詞that和關(guān)系副詞why不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句. 4 介詞+關(guān)系詞 1)介詞后面的關(guān)系詞不能省略. 2)that前不能有介詞. 3) 某些在從句中充當(dāng)時間.地點或原因狀語的"介詞+關(guān)系詞"結(jié)構(gòu)可以同關(guān)系副詞when 和where 互換. This is the house in which I lived two years ago. This is the house where I lived two years ago. 5 as, which 非限定性定語從句 由as, which 引導(dǎo)的非限定性定語從句.as和which可代整個主句.相當(dāng)于and this或and that.As一般放在句首.which在句中. As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health. The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us. 注意:as 和which在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時.這兩個關(guān)系代詞都指主句所表達(dá)的整個意思.且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語.但不同之處主要有兩點: (1) as 引導(dǎo)的定語從句可置于句首.而which不可. (2) as 代表前面的整個主句并在從句中作主語時.從句中的謂語必須是系動詞,若為行為動詞.則從句中的關(guān)系代詞只能用which.. 6 先行詞和關(guān)系詞二合一 Whoever spits in public will be punished here. (Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替) 7 what/whatever;that/what; who/whoever 1)what = the thing which,whatever = anything What you want has been sent here. Whatever you want makes no difference to me. 2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who (錯)Whoever robbed the bank is not clear. (對)Who robbed the bank is not clear. 3) that 和 what 當(dāng)that引導(dǎo)定語從句時 .通常用作關(guān)系代詞.而引導(dǎo)名詞性從句時.是個不充當(dāng)任何成分的連接詞.賓語從句和表語從句中的that�？墒÷�.What只能引導(dǎo)名詞性從 句. 用作連接代詞.作從句的具體成分.且不能省略. I think you will like the stamps. What we need is more practice. 8 關(guān)系代詞that 的用法 1)不用that的情況 a) 在引導(dǎo)非限定性定語從句時. (錯) The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. b) 介詞后不能用. We depend on the land from which we get our food. We depend on the land that/which we get our food from. 2) 只能用that作為定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的情況 a) 在there be 句型中.只用that.不用which. b) 在不定代詞.如:anything, nothing, the one, all, much, few, any, little等作先行詞時.只用that.不用which. c) 先行詞有the only, the very修飾時.只用that. d) 先行詞為序數(shù)詞.數(shù)詞.形容詞最高級時.只用that.. e) 先行詞既有人.又有物時. 【查看更多】

 

題目列表(包括答案和解析)

詞匯用法

定語從句：代詞/名詞/數(shù)詞﹢of which/whom

①I was given three books on cooking, _________　_________　_________　_________ I really enjoyed．(它們中的第一本)

② have many friends, _________　_________　_________ are businessmen．(他們中的一些)

③It is reported that two schools, _________　_________　_________ are being built in my hometown, will open next year．(它們兩個)

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假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語法錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧）,并在其下面寫上該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞。

注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

      2.只允許修改10處，多者（從11處起）不計分。

    Mike is a warm-hearted man and is always readily to help anyone that turn to him for help. Yesterday evening, his friend Jim telephoned him and asked him to help prepare for dinner, for Jim’s parents would come to see their son from another city. Hearing news, Mike turned off the light, locking the door and left for Jim’s home. He hurried to Jim’s house, only find there were many of his friend there. “Happy birthday!” they all said to him. Surprised and happily, Mike was deeply moved. At the very moment, Jim came and patted himself on the shoulder, saying, “Mike, you are such a kind man because we all would like to give you a big surprise.”

 

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詞匯用法

wherever引導(dǎo)一個狀語從句，暗含一定的條件，同時注意whatever, whoever，whomever等詞的用法。

①No wonder tourism is increasing _________(無論什么地方)there is Disneyland．

②The poor young man is ready to accept _________(無論什么樣的)help he can get．

③Could I speak to _________(任何一個人)is in charge of International Sales, please?

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根據(jù)句意及各題括號中所給的漢語意思，從下面的方框中選擇合適的單詞或詞組，用其適當(dāng)形式填空。

1．________(不久)after I arrived in Shanghai, I paid a visit to one of my old classmates．

2．Only those who are ________(好奇的)about the world can learn something new．

3．The little boy has ________(證明)his cleverness in the television quiz．

4．I can’t ________(表達(dá))to you how grateful I am for your help．

5．She is working hard to ________(實現(xiàn))her dream to be a first-rate table tennis player．

6．Our class will go on an ________(有組織的)camping this weekend in search of rare plants．

7．I think these interesting customs should be ________(保存)．

8．________(一旦)you have grasped the proper method, you’ll make great progress in your study．

9．Robert is an ________(喜歡冒險的)man; he has traveled to the North Pole and South Pole．

10．The company would like to employ those who have experience ________(以及)knowledge．

11．If you don’t hear anything ________(在……之內(nèi))seven days, phone again．

12．The ________(質(zhì)量)of service in this restaurant has improved a lot．

13．We should ________(設(shè)法)to control ourselves in an emergency．

14．Tom is a ________(聰明的)boy, and every teacher in his school likes him．

15．The traveler ________(倒空)out all his pockets, but still couldn’t find his passport．

16．Only the best players were ________(挑選)to play in the match．

17．Get dressed ________(立刻), or we’ll be late for the first bus．

18．It’s a ________(巧合)that we should have met each other here after separation for as long as ten years．

19．________(在場的)at the graduation ceremony were my parents．

20．The explosion ________(致使)in the death of 52 villagers．

21．Two hours later the ship ________(起航)for Liverpool．

22．No sound ________(打擾)the silence of the night．

23．He holds an important ________(職位)in the local government office．

24．The goods were ________(檢查)for damage on arrival．

25．I ________(比較)the copy with the original, but there was not many differences．

26．I think there’s a train at 8：20 but you ought to make it ________(確定的)．

27．Davis spent ________(大量的)money left by his parents drinking and playing around．

28．________(奇怪地)enough, I have never seen that man before．

29．He was admitted into Beijing University, and his several years of hard work finally ________(成功)．

30．None of the passengers ________(幸存)from the ship sinking．

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短文改錯

假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語法錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。

刪除：把多余的詞用斜錢（\）劃掉。

修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。

注意：1. 每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；

2．只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。

My hobby is reading. I like reading novels, newspapers, magazines and so on. When I was 9 year old, I caught bad cold. I have to stay at home for several weeks. My mother bought to me some novels. Soon I was attracting by the stories. Since then I have made use of any time to read. And reading does give me many help. Recently I have surfed the Internet at home, on that I’ve found that many students like read as I do. We exchange our reading experience online but we become good friends. Reading brings me all happiness and friendship.

 

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