分析:(1)根據(jù)比的基本性質(zhì),即比的前項(xiàng)和后項(xiàng)同時(shí)乘或除以一個(gè)相同的數(shù)(0除外)比值不變,進(jìn)而把比化成最簡(jiǎn)比;
(2)根據(jù)求比值的方法,就用最簡(jiǎn)比的前項(xiàng)除以后項(xiàng)即得比值.
解答:解:(1)1.5:2.1,
=(1.5×10):(2.1×10),
=15:21,
=5:7;
1.5:2.1,
=5:7,
=5÷7,
=
;
(2)14:35,
=(14÷7):(35÷7),
=2:5;
14:35,
=2:5,
=2÷5,
=
;
(3)
:
,
=(
×24):(
×24),
=15:20,
=3:4;
:
,
=3:4,
=3÷4,
=
;
(4)6千米:300米,
=6000米:300米,
=20:1;
6千米:300米,
=20:1,
=20÷1,
=20.
點(diǎn)評(píng):此題考查化簡(jiǎn)比和求比值的方法,要注意區(qū)分:化簡(jiǎn)比的結(jié)果是一個(gè)比;而求比值的結(jié)果是一個(gè)數(shù);還要注意:如果比的前后項(xiàng)是名數(shù)的,要把單位化統(tǒng)一后再化簡(jiǎn)比或求比值.