計(jì)算下列題目,能簡算的要簡算,并說一說你是怎樣想的.
(
1
4
+
1
6
-
1
3
1
24

7.2×[(7.8+
1
5
)÷0.4]

4
11
÷
2
7
+
7
11
÷
2
7

7
9
÷
11
5
+
2
9
×
5
11
-
3
11

8
17
÷9+
1
9
×
9
17
+
1
9

(
5
23
+
4
27
1
23
×27

3.87×
2
3
-0.87÷1.5+
2
3

(1+
1
3
)×(1+
1
5
)×(1+
1
7
)×(1+
1
9
)×(1+
1
11
)×(1-
1
4
)×(1-
1
6
)×(1-
1
8
)×(1-
1
10
)

(
1
5
+
1
6
+
1
7
+
1
8
 )×(
1
6
+
1
7
+
1
8
+
1
9
)-(
1
5
+
1
6
+
1
7
+
1
8
+
1
9
)×(
1
6
+
1
7
+
1
8
)
分析:(1)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)把除法改為乘法,運(yùn)用乘法分配律簡算;
(2)把分?jǐn)?shù)化為小數(shù),先算小括號內(nèi)的,再算中括號內(nèi)的,最后算括號外的;
(8)先求出每個(gè)括號內(nèi)的結(jié)果,約分計(jì)算;
(9)此題采用字母代替數(shù)字的方法,使運(yùn)算簡便.
解答:解:(1)(
1
4
+
1
6
-
1
3
)÷
1
24

=(
1
4
+
1
6
-
1
3
)×24
=
1
4
×24+
1
6
×24-
1
3
×24
=6+4-8
=10-8
=2;

(2)7.2×[(7.8+
1
5
)÷0.4]
=7.2×[(7.8+0.2)÷0.4]
=7.2×[8÷0.4]
=7.2×20
=144;

(3)
4
11
÷
2
7
+
7
11
÷
2
7

=(
4
11
+
7
11
)÷
2
7

=1×
7
2
,
=
7
2
;

(4)
7
9
÷
11
5
+
2
9
×
5
11
-
3
11

=
7
9
×
5
11
+
2
9
×
5
11
-
3
11

=(
7
9
+
2
9
)×
5
11
-
3
11

=
5
11
-
3
11

=
2
11
;

(5)
8
17
÷9+
1
9
×
9
17
+
1
9

=
8
17
×
1
9
+
1
9
×
9
17
+
1
9

=(
8
17
+
9
17
+1)×
1
9

=2×
1
9

=
2
9
;

(6)(
5
23
+
4
27
)÷
1
23
×27
=(
5
23
+
4
27
)×23×27
=
5
23
×23×27+
4
27
×23×27
=135+92
=227;

(7)3.87×
2
3
-0.87÷1.5+
2
3

=3.87×
2
3
-0.87÷
3
2
+
2
3

=3.87×
2
3
-0.87×
2
3
+
2
3

=(3.87-0.87+1)×
2
3

=4×
2
3

=
8
3


(8)(1+
1
3
)×(1+
1
5
)×(1+
1
7
)×(1+
1
9
)×(1+
1
11
)×(1-
1
4
)×(1-
1
6
)×(1-
1
8
)×(1-
1
10

=
4
3
×
6
5
×
8
7
×
10
9
×
12
11
×
3
4
×
5
6
×
7
8
×
9
10

=
12
11
;

(9)設(shè)
1
5
+
1
6
+
1
7
+
1
8
=a,
1
6
+
1
7
+
1
8
=b,
1
5
+
1
6
+
1
7
+
1
8
)×(
1
6
+
1
7
+
1
8
+
1
9
)-(
1
5
+
1
6
+
1
7
+
1
8
+
1
9
)×(
1
6
+
1
7
+
1
8

=a×(b+
1
9
)-(a+
1
9
)×b
=ab+
1
9
a-ab-
1
9
b
=
1
9
×(a-b)
=
1
9
×
1
5

=
1
45
點(diǎn)評:要想算得快、算得巧,就要仔細(xì)注意觀察題目中數(shù)字構(gòu)成的特點(diǎn)和規(guī)律,運(yùn)用運(yùn)算定律或運(yùn)算技巧,進(jìn)行簡便計(jì)算.
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