分析:根據(jù)比例基本性質(zhì):兩內(nèi)項(xiàng)之積等于兩外項(xiàng)之積,化簡(jiǎn)方程,再依據(jù)等式的性質(zhì)求解即可.
解答:解:(1)5:x=3:9,
3x=5×9,
3x÷3=45÷3,
x=15;
(2)
=
,
4x=54×5,
4x÷4=270÷4,
x=67.5;
(3)x:
=4:
,
x=
×4,
x
÷=1
÷,
x=
;
(4)36:18=x:5.4,
18x=36×5.4,
18x÷18=194.4÷18,
x=10.8;
(5)
=
,
1.5x=6×10,
1.5x÷1.5=60÷1.5,
x=40;
(6)1:
=x:
,
x=1×
,
x
÷=
÷,
x=
;
(7)
:
=x:
,
x=
×
,
x
÷=
÷,
x=
;
(8)
:
=
:x,
x=
×
,
x
÷=
÷,
x=
;
(9)
=
,
2x=12×7,
2x÷2=84÷2,
x=42;
(10)
:x=
:
,
x=
×
,
x
÷=
÷,
x=
;
(11)
:
=x:
,
x=
×
,
x
÷=
÷,
x=
;
(12)
=1.5:4,
4x=1.5×0.8,
4x÷4=1.2÷4,
x=0.3;
(13)X:1.5=25%,
X=1.5×25%,
X=0.375;
(14)
=0.6,
x=13×0.6,
x=7.8;
(15)
=
,
2x=2.5×25,
2x÷2=62.5÷2,
x=31.25;
(16)x:
=,
x=
×
,
x=
.
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題主要考查了學(xué)生根據(jù)等式的性質(zhì)和比例的基本性質(zhì)解方程的能力,注意等號(hào)對(duì)齊.