分析:(1)根據(jù)比的基本性質(zhì),即比的前項(xiàng)和后項(xiàng)同時(shí)乘或除以一個(gè)相同的數(shù)(0除外)比值不變,進(jìn)而把比化成最簡(jiǎn)比;
(2)根據(jù)求比值的方法,就用最簡(jiǎn)比的前項(xiàng)除以后項(xiàng)即得比值.
解答:解:(1)36:18
=(36÷18):(18÷18)
=2:1
36:18
=36÷18
=2
(2)32:0.4
=(32÷0.4):(0.4÷0.4)
=80:1
32:0.4
=32÷0.4
=80
(3)
:
=(
×7):(
×7)
=5:1
:
=
÷
=5
(4)16:0.8
=(16÷0.8):(0.8÷0.8)
=20:1
16:0.8
=16÷0.8
=20
(5)
=(36÷3):(15÷3)
=12:5
=
(6)7:3.5
=(7÷3.5):(3.5÷3.5)
=2:1
7:3.5
=7÷3.5
=2.
點(diǎn)評(píng):此題考查化簡(jiǎn)比和求比值的方法,要注意區(qū)分:化簡(jiǎn)比的結(jié)果是一個(gè)比,它的前項(xiàng)和后項(xiàng)都是整數(shù),并且是互質(zhì)數(shù);而求比值的結(jié)果是一個(gè)數(shù),可以是整數(shù)、小數(shù)或分?jǐn)?shù).