解:(1)
,
=
×[
-
+
],
=
×[
+
-
],
=
×[1-
],
=
×
,
=
;
(2)
,
=
×4.69+3.21×(10+
)+7.9×
,
=
×4.69+32.1+3.21×
+7.9×
,
=32.1+
×(2×4.69+2×3.21+7.9×13),
=32.1+
×[(4.69+3.21)×2+7.9×13],
=32.1+
×[7.9×2+7.9×13],
=32.1+
×[(2+13)×7.9],
=32.1+
×15×7.9,
=32.1+7.9,
=40;
(3)
=
÷[
×3]×
,
=
÷
×
,
=
×
×
,
=
;
(4)76×(
-
)+23×(
+
)-53×(
-
),
=76×
-76×
+23×
+23×
-53×
+53×
,
=(76-53)×
-(76-23)×
+(23+53)×
,
=23×
-53×
+76×
,
=1-1+1,
=1.
分析:(1)中括號內(nèi)運用減法的性質(zhì)簡算,最后算括號外的乘法;
(2)把10
拆成10+
,把除法改為乘法,原式變?yōu)?img class='latex' src='http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic5/latex/4457.png' />×4.69+3.21×(10+
)+7.9×
,運用乘法分配律計算3.21×(10+
),再通過數(shù)字變形,再次運用乘法分配律簡算;
(3)先算小括號內(nèi)的,再算中括號內(nèi)的,最后算括號外的除法和乘法;
(4)先運用乘法分配律計算,然后運用加法交換律與結(jié)合律以及乘法分配律簡算.
點評:此題考查分?jǐn)?shù)的四則混合運算,要注意運算順序,同時要仔細(xì)觀察算式的特點,靈活運用一些定律進行簡便計算.