解:(1)0.5×(X-0.4)=5.8,
0.5×X-0.5×0.4=5.8
0.5X-0.2=5.8,
0.5X-0.2+0.2=5.8+0.2,
0.5X=6,
0.5X÷0.5=6÷0.5,
X=12;
(2)
+
X=3
,
+
X-
=3
-
,
X=
,
X×
=
×
,
X=4;
(3)
:
=X:
,
X=
×
,
X×2=
×2,
X=1.2;
(4)
=30%,
=
,
10X=12,
10X÷10=12÷10,
X=1.2.
分析:(1)去括號(hào),得0.5X-0.2=5.8,根據(jù)等式的性質(zhì),兩邊同加上0.2,再同除以0.5即可;
(2)根據(jù)等式的性質(zhì),兩邊同減去
,再同乘
即可;
(3)先根據(jù)比例的性質(zhì)改寫(xiě)成
X=
×
,再根據(jù)等式的性質(zhì),兩邊同乘2即可;
(4)先把30%化為分?jǐn)?shù)
,再根據(jù)比例的性質(zhì)改寫(xiě)為10X=12,再根據(jù)等式的性質(zhì),兩邊同除以10即可.
點(diǎn)評(píng):此題考查了根據(jù)等式的性質(zhì)解方程,即等式兩邊同加、同減、同乘或同除以一個(gè)數(shù)(0除外),等式的左右兩邊仍相等;注意等號(hào)上下要對(duì)齊.