考點:奇數(shù)與偶數(shù)的初步認識,合數(shù)與質(zhì)數(shù),合數(shù)分解質(zhì)因數(shù)
專題:數(shù)的整除
分析:自然數(shù)中能被2的整除數(shù)的數(shù)叫做偶數(shù),不能被2的整除數(shù)的數(shù)叫做奇數(shù);一個數(shù)只有1和它本身兩個因數(shù),這樣的數(shù)叫做質(zhì)數(shù)(或素數(shù)),一個數(shù)如果除以了1和它本身還有別的因數(shù),這樣的數(shù)叫做合數(shù);因此,素數(shù)中唯一的偶數(shù)是2,最小的奇素數(shù)是3,最小的合數(shù)是4.用短除法可以把51、91分解質(zhì)因數(shù).
解答:
解:素數(shù)中唯一的偶數(shù)是2,最小的奇素數(shù)是3,最小的合數(shù)是4.
51=3×17;
91=3×31.
故答案為:2,3,4,51=3×17,91=3×31.
點評:本題考查的知識點有偶數(shù)、奇數(shù)的意義,質(zhì)數(shù)、合數(shù)的意義、分解質(zhì)因數(shù),屬于基礎(chǔ)知識.關(guān)鍵是記住意義,根據(jù)意義即解答.