Question

【題目】

Earth's atmosphere (大氣) is made of the layers of air that is around Earth. Thanks to the O2 found in the atmosphere, humans and other animals can breathe.

The atmosphere has four layers. The closest layer to Earth is the troposphere. The troposphere reaches from Earth to about 8 to 15 kilometers above sea level (平面).

It includes most of the air and O2 in the atmosphere, so all life on Earth lives here. The closer to the ground, the warmer the air is. Higher up in the troposphere, the air becomes much colder.

The second layer of the atmosphere is the stratosphere. The stratosphere reaches to around 50 kilometers above Earth. Near the top of the stratosphere is the ozone layer (丑氧層). The ozone layer helps protect life on Earth from the sun's UV radiation. Unluckily, there are holes in several parts of the ozone layer. This could cause serious problems for life on Earth.

The third layer of the atmosphere is the mesosphere. It reaches up to around 80 kilometers above Earth. The mesosphere has the coldest temperature in the atmosphere, It can be as cold as -100℃ there.

The fourth layer is called the thermosphere. It reaches up to around 600 kilometers above Earth. This is where outer space begins. The international space station runs around the planet from this layer. The temperature here is very high. It gets up to 1,200℃.

【1】The troposphere goes up to around ____________ above the Earth.

A. 8-15 kilometersB. 50 kilometersC. 80 kilometersD. 600 kilometers

【2】The ______________ is the coldest layer in the atmosphere.

A. troposphereB. stratosphereC. mesosphereD. themosphere

【3】According to the passage, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. In the troposphere, the closer to the ground, the colder the air is.

B. The ozone layer could cause problems for life on Earth.

C. Outer space begins from the mesosphere.

D. The temperature in the thermosphere can be 1200℃.

【4】Which of the following shows the structure (結(jié)構(gòu)) of the passage? (P: Paragraph)

A. B. C. D.

【5】________________ may be the best title of the passage.

A. What Makes up the AtmosphereB. Where Is the Atmosphere

C. The Distance of the AtmosphereD. The Temperature of the Atmosphere

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】A

【2】C

【3】D

【4】C

【5】A

【解析】

本文介紹了地球大氣層的四個層次：對流層、同溫層、中間層和熱層。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The troposphere reaches from Earth to about 8 to 15 kilometers above sea level (平面).”可知，對流層的高度從地球到海平面以上8至15公里。故選A。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The mesosphere has the coldest temperature in the atmosphere. It can be as cold as -100℃ there.”可知，中間層是大氣中溫度最低的，那里的溫度可以低到-100℃。故選C。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“The fourth layer is called the thermosphere...the temperature here is very high. It gets up to 1,200℃.”可知，熱層的溫度高達(dá)1200℃，故選D。

【4】篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。根據(jù)本文第一段介紹了地球外面的大氣層，第二段、第三段、第四段和第五段分別介紹了大氣層的四個層次，因此這是總分關(guān)系，故選C。

【5】標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)“The atmosphere has four layers.”可知本文主要介紹了大氣層有四層，故選A。

認(rèn)真閱讀題干，根據(jù)題干要求，在文中尋找答案所在的語句或段落，進(jìn)行分析理解、詞義猜測、推理判斷和概括歸納，選出正確的選項。例如小題2，根據(jù)“The mesosphere has the coldest temperature in the atmosphere. It can be as cold as -100℃ there.”可知，中間層是大氣中溫度最低的，那里的溫度可以低到-100℃。故選C。