Question

【題目】 School uniforms（制服）are becoming more and more popular across the U.S.A. That’s no surprise，because they offer many benefits. They immediately end the powerful social sorting and labeling （標(biāo)記）that come from clothing. If all students are d【1】 in the same way，they will not pay too much attention to their clothing，and some of them will not be laughed at for wearing the “wrong” clothes.

Some people are a【2】 the strict rule of school uniforms，but they do not realize that students already accept a kind of rule — wanting to look just like their friends. The difference is that the clothing students choose for themselves creates social barriers（障礙）; school uniforms tear those barriers down.

As in other places，uniforms remind the w【3】 of their purposes and duties. For example，when a man or woman p【4】 on a police uniform，he or she becomes，for a time，the symbol（象征）of law and order. The uniform means to the wearer his or her special duties and sends the same message to e【5】 the wearer meets. People with different jobs wear uniforms of one kind or another. For students，the school uniform reminds them that their task for the six or seven hours they are in school is to get an education.

Some parents are unhappy about uniforms，saying that school uniforms will affect their c【6】“creativity”. First，as noted above，the clothes students choose to wear do not necessarily express their individuality （個(gè)性）. They just copy their classmates. Second，students have the rest of the day to be as creative as they like. While they’re in school，their j【7】 is to master reading，writing，and maths; this should take up all the creativity they have. Mastery of those skills will be good for the students to build up their creativity in every way.

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】dressed

【2】against

【3】wearers

【4】puts

【5】everyone

【6】children’s

【7】job

【解析】

本篇分析學(xué)生穿校服的好處——他們立即結(jié)束了來(lái)自穿著的強(qiáng)大的社會(huì)分類(lèi)和標(biāo)簽；提醒學(xué)生應(yīng)該在校接受教育；同時(shí)也反駁那些持反對(duì)意見(jiàn)的家長(zhǎng)，認(rèn)為學(xué)生所有的創(chuàng)造力應(yīng)該體現(xiàn)在閱讀、寫(xiě)作和數(shù)學(xué)方面 。

【1】句意：如果所有的學(xué)生都穿同樣的衣服，他們不會(huì)太注意自己的衣服，他們中的一些人不會(huì)因?yàn)榇╁e(cuò)了衣服而被嘲笑。

根據(jù)下文“they will not pay too much attention to their clothing，”——他們不會(huì)太注意自己的衣服；推斷空格指“穿著同樣的衣服”；dress根據(jù)首字母提示，意為“穿”，be dressed in …意為“穿著……”；故填dressed 。

【2】句意：有些人反對(duì)校服的嚴(yán)格規(guī)定，但是他們沒(méi)有意識(shí)到學(xué)生已經(jīng)接受了一種規(guī)則——想看起來(lái)像他們的朋友。

下文“but they do not realize that students already accept a kind of rule”—— 根據(jù)but的句意轉(zhuǎn)折，推斷上文空格指“反對(duì)穿校服”；根據(jù)首字母提示，against意為“反對(duì)”，故填 against。

【3】句意：和其他地方一樣，制服提醒穿著者他們的目的和職責(zé)。

空格在定冠詞后面，判斷填名詞；由下文“For example，when a man or woman puts on a police uniform，he or she becomes，for a time，the symbol（象征）of law and order.”——以警服為例說(shuō)明穿制服者的責(zé)任；推斷空格指“穿著者”；根據(jù)首字母提示，wearer意為“穿著者”，根據(jù)空格后their提示，空格用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填wearers。

【4】句意：當(dāng)一個(gè)男人或女人穿上警服，他或她一時(shí)成為法律和秩序的象征。

由上文可知制服提醒穿著者他們的目的和職責(zé)；推斷空格指“穿上警服”就是法律和秩序的象征；根據(jù)首字母提示，put on意為“穿上”，主語(yǔ)a man or woman是單數(shù)形式， 故填 puts 。

【5】句意：制服對(duì)穿著者意味著他或她的特殊職責(zé)，同樣向穿著者遇到的每個(gè)人發(fā)送相同的消息。

根據(jù)常識(shí)，人們可以根據(jù)不同的制服辨別不同的職業(yè)；由此推斷，空格意為“穿著者向人們發(fā)送相同的消息”；根據(jù)首字母提示，everyone 意為“每個(gè)人、所有人”；故填everyone 。

【6】句意：有些家長(zhǎng)對(duì)校服不滿意，說(shuō)校服會(huì)影響孩子的“創(chuàng)造力”。

根據(jù)上文“Some parents are unhappy about uniforms”——可知家長(zhǎng)對(duì)穿校服不滿，根據(jù)文字表達(dá)的邏輯關(guān)系，推斷指家長(zhǎng)對(duì)他們的孩子們穿校服不滿，覺(jué)得校服影響孩子們的創(chuàng)造力； 根據(jù)首字母提示，. children 意為“孩子們”，空格在名詞前，判斷填名詞所有格；故填children’s 。

【7】句意：當(dāng)他們?cè)趯W(xué)校時(shí)，他們的工作是掌握閱讀、寫(xiě)作和數(shù)學(xué)。

空格在物主代詞后面，判斷填名詞；根據(jù)常識(shí)，掌握閱讀、寫(xiě)作和數(shù)學(xué)是學(xué)生在校的工作；推斷空格意為“工作”；根據(jù)首字母提示，job意為“工作”；謂語(yǔ)is是單數(shù)形式，判斷主語(yǔ)也用單數(shù)形式；故填job。

根據(jù)首字母提示完成短文，解答前要先跳空閱讀全文，猜測(cè)大意；再根據(jù)上下文聯(lián)系猜測(cè)空格所缺的信息；最后根據(jù)首字母提示確定單詞。本篇的題4要注意動(dòng)詞的單三形式；題5要根據(jù)常識(shí)和首字母提示推斷詞義；完篇后閱讀全文，檢查所填的單詞的拼寫(xiě)、時(shí)態(tài)和詞義是否符合文章的意思。