【題目】根據(jù)漢語提示。用句末括號內(nèi)的英語單詞完成句子。

1Don’t ______ alone on weekends.

周末不要獨(dú)自外出。(go)

2It ______ a mountain on snowy days.

在雪天里登山是很危險(xiǎn)的。(be)

3Tommy ______ the dog and broke his front teeth.

湯米被那只狗絆了一跤.磕斷了門牙。(fall)

4Factories ______ pouring polluted water into river and lakes,

必須阻止工廠向江河湖泊排放污水。( prevent)

5He always asks me ______ my homework.

他總是問我作業(yè)做完了沒有。( finish)

【答案】

1 go out

2 is dangerous to climb

3 was fallen over by

4 must be prevented (from)

5 whether/if I have finished

【解析】

1go out外出, 是一個(gè)固定短語。這句話是一個(gè)祈使句的否定形式,Don’t后面跟動詞原形,故填go out。

2這句話使用的句型是It is +形容詞+to do sth.做某事是的,開頭的It是形式主語,真正的主語是動詞不定式。根據(jù)句意可知,這里給我們說的是客觀事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),故be動詞用is;dangerous是形容詞,危險(xiǎn)的;climb爬,是一個(gè)動詞。故填is dangerous to climb。

3fall over摔倒,絆了一跤,是一個(gè)固定短語。根據(jù)句意可知,主語Tommy和動詞fall over構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,這句話應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)be+過去分詞,根據(jù)句意可知,這里說的是已經(jīng)發(fā)生了的事情,應(yīng)用一般過去時(shí)態(tài),故be動詞用was;fall的過去分詞是fallen;by表示“被…”。

4must必須,是一個(gè)情態(tài)動詞,后面跟動詞原形。prevent阻止,是一個(gè)動詞。根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,這句話的主語Factories和動詞prevent構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系,這句話應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài),含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成的情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞,故填must be prevented。prevent sb. (from) doing sth.是固定句型,阻止某人做某事,介詞from可以省略。

5finish完成,是一個(gè)動詞。詢問是否完成作業(yè)要用whether/if引導(dǎo),后面用完成時(shí)態(tài),故填whether/if I have finished。

這個(gè)題目是完成句子,我們應(yīng)根據(jù)句意和句子后面括號里給的提示詞填空,使句意完整。句意明確,且后面有提示詞,我們需要注意的是:1.使用單詞的正確形式;2. 句中可能還缺少其他的成分,需要根據(jù)句意加以補(bǔ)充。例如第2小題,句末只給了一個(gè)be動詞,其實(shí)這個(gè)空上缺少的不僅是一個(gè)be動詞的形式,根據(jù)句意可知,這句話使用了句型It is +形容詞+to do sth.,句子表達(dá)的是一個(gè)事實(shí),應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài),故be動詞用is;根據(jù)句意形容詞應(yīng)該是dangerous危險(xiǎn)的;后面該動詞不定式to climb,爬。再如第4小題,句中給的提示詞是prevent,根據(jù)句意可知,謂語動詞部分應(yīng)有情態(tài)動詞must,表示“必須”,且這句話的主語和動詞是被動關(guān)系,應(yīng)用被動語態(tài),含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)的構(gòu)成的情態(tài)動詞+be+過去分詞,故填must be prevented。

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