Question

【題目】閱讀回答問題

Counting before numbers

Before the invention of written numbers, people used many different ways to count things.

At first, people used their fingers, and even their toes. However, they could only count small numbers in this way.

After that, they began to make small marks on sticks and bones. This helped them count bigger numbers. They used them to count things like the days of a month, the amount of food and the number of animals they had.

Then people began to use tokens made from clay or small stones. This helped them count even bigger numbers. They often put the tokens on pieces of string so that they could carry them around easily. This developed into tools like the abacus.

Finally, people began to develop systems of written marks to show different numbers, and this led to the Hindu- Arabic system (0-9). We are still using this system today.

【1】Did people use many ways to count things before written numbers were invented?

【2】What did people use to count small numbers at first?

【3】Why did people put the tokens on pieces of string?

【4】How many ways of counting are mentioned(提到) in this passage?

【5】Which appeared earlier, the abacus or tokens?

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】Yes, they did.

【2】They used their fingers and even their toes.

【3】In order to carry them around easily.

【4】There are five.

【5】Tokens.

【解析】

本篇介紹數(shù)字的發(fā)明過程。在沒有數(shù)字之前，人們用手指、連同自己的腳趾計算，再來用棍棒和骨頭制作一些小物件，依靠它們計算更大的數(shù)字；接著人們使用由粘土或小石塊做成小物件，用來計算更大的數(shù)字，人們?yōu)榱朔奖銛y帶把它們穿成串兒，這就發(fā)展成了算盤。最后人們開始擴展文字系統(tǒng)，產(chǎn)生印度-阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。

【1】根據(jù)第一段“Before the invention of written numbers, people used many different ways to count things.”，可知“在書面數(shù)字發(fā)明之前，人們用許多不同的方法計算東西”，故答案為Yes, they did.

【2】根據(jù)第二段“At first, people used their fingers, and even their toes.”，可知“起初，人們用手指，甚至腳趾來計數(shù)”，故答案為They used their fingers and even their toes.

【3】根據(jù)第四段“They often put the tokens on pieces of string so that they could carry them around easily.”，可知“他們經(jīng)常把代幣放在幾根繩子上以便攜帶”，故答案為In order to carry them around easily.

【4】根據(jù)文中“At first, people used their fingers, and even their toes；After that, they began to make small marks on sticks and bones. ；Then people began to use tokens made from clay or small stones；This developed into tools like the abacus. Finally, people began to develop systems of written marks to show different numbers”，可知“有五種計數(shù)方法”，故答案為There are five.

【5】根據(jù)第四段“Then people began to use tokens made from clay or small stones….This developed into tools like the abacus.”，可知“代幣比算盤早出現(xiàn)”，故答案為Tokens.