A person has been badly injured in a car accident. It is necessary to give him a transfusion (輸血) because he has lost much blood in the accident. However, special care must be taken in selecting new blood for him. If the blood is too different from his own, the transfusion can kill him.
There are four basic blood groups: A, B, AB and O. A single test can tell us a person’s blood group. Everybody is born with one of these four blood groups. People’s blood group, like hair colour, is inherited (繼承) from parents.
Because the substances contained in each group are different, transfusion must be given carefully. Basically, A and B cannot be mixed. A and B cannot receive AB, but AB may receive A or B. O can be given to any other group, so it is often called the universal donor. On the contrary, AB is sometimes called the universal recipient (接受者). However, before being given the transfusion, patients usually receive only salt or plasma (血漿) until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible. In this way, it is possible to avoid any bad results of the transfusion.
There is a relationship between our blood groups and our nationalities. Among the Europeans, about 42 percent are blood group A while 45 percent are blood group O. The rarest is blood group AB. However, some American Indian groups are nearly 100 percent blood group O.
小題1:Which of the following shows the correct relationship in blood transfusion? (→ =" giving" blood to)

小題2:Usually, before being given a transfusion, ________.
A．a(chǎn) person needs to receive salt or plasma first
B．a(chǎn) person needs to have a good rest
C．a(chǎn) person needs to have a lot of food and water
D．a(chǎn) person needs to find the person with the same blood group as him
小題3:The third most common blood type among the Europeans is _______.
A．AB．BC．ABD．O
小題4:Which is NOT right according to the passage?
A. A person’s blood group depends on his parents.
B. There is only one kind of blood group in a person’s body.
C. About 13 percent of the Europeans have blood group AB.
D. Most of American Indians can be universal blood donors.
小題5:Which is the best title for the passage?  
A．Blood transfusionB．Blood groups
C．Car accidentsD．Blood group and nationalities

小題1:D
小題2:A
小題3:B
小題4:C
小題5:B

試題分析：這篇文章講述的是人類具有的不同的血型以及不同血型之間該如何輸血。
小題1:細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章可知，A,B血型可以給AB血型的人輸血，O血型可以給A,B,AB血型的人輸血。故選D
小題2:細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章However, before being given the transfusion, patients usually receive only salt or plasma (血漿) until their blood can be matched as exactly as possible.可知，一個人被輸血之前，首先要吸收一些鹽水或者血漿。故選A
小題3:細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章可知，在歐洲，百分之四十二的人是A型血，百分之四十五是O型血，最稀缺的血型是AB型，可知，第三種最普遍的血型是B型血。故選B
小題4:細節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章可知，在歐洲B血型和AB血型的人總共占百分之十三。故選C
小題5:主旨題。這篇文章講述的是人類具有的不同的血型以及不同血型之間如何輸血。故選B
點評：對于英語閱讀文章中的說明一個物體的相關(guān)內(nèi)容的文章，是初三�？嫉闹R題材。此類題文章不長，學生在答題的過程中可以首先對整篇文章進行閱讀，理解文章的意思，然后帶著問題在文章中找到相對應的答案，即可答出。
練習冊系列答案
相關(guān)習題

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

All students need to have good study habits. When you have good study habits, you will learn things quickly and also remember them easily. Do you like to study in the living room? This is not a good place, because it is usually too noisy. You need to study in a quiet place, like your bedroom A quiet place will help you only to think about one thing. When you study, do not think about other things at the same time. Only think about your homework. If you do so, you will do your homework more quickly, and you will make fewer mistakes.
Good study habits are very important. If you do not have them, try to learn them. If your study
habitsare already good. Try to make them better.
小題1:If you have good study habits, you can__________.
A．learn things quickly and remember them easily
B．do things quickly and remember them easily
C．read books quickly but forget them easily
D．write words quickly but forget them easily
小題2:You need_______ when you study.
A．a(chǎn) dining roomB．a(chǎn) quiet placeC．a(chǎn) living roomD．a(chǎn) noisy place
小題3:When you study, you should think about________.
A．good study habitsB．other thingsC．your homeworkD．your hobbies
小題4:After reading this passage, we know that good study habits are very_______.
A．difficultB．unusualC．importantD．easy
小題5:According to (根據(jù)) the writer, which can be a good study habit?
A．Reading English among a crowd of people.
B．Thinking only about math in a math class.
C．Thinking in Chinese while talking in English.
D．Do your homework as quickly as you can.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Liberal (自由) education is designed not only to teach and learn knowledge, but also to develop a person’s character. Its aim is to   1  each student to think for himself and make wise decisions. Now liberal education has a great    2 on the world.
Much work has been done to  3  a better way of teaching. In a liberal class, students are  4 to have their own thoughts and own ideas when they have  5  which are often held in the form of group discussion. They are properly guided to   6  the knowledge learned. Punishment no longer exists (存在).  7 and students are just like friends.
The idea is of course a perfect one if it can really be carried out. However, it  8 exists in the imagination and will never be realized. We must admit (承認) that  9  should at least be guided properly. Just close your eyes and think how many students will   10  the duties of a student if they are not pushed.   11 is the use of advice only if it is not supported by a reasonable   12  of  control and punishment?
It is   13  for us to judge the success and failure of the kind of education now, but   14  the bad behavior of children, which is really the   15  of liberal education, we can see that something must be done to help these children.
小題1:
A．teachB．orderC．learnD．push
小題2:
A．organization B．figureC．effectD．fact
小題3:
A．holdB．findC．makeD．a(chǎn)nswer
小題4:
A．encouragedB．toldC．usedD．driven
小題5:
A．shoppingB．lunchC．sportsD．lessons
小題6:
A．rememberB．useC．reviewD．a(chǎn)ct
小題7:
A．EnemiesB．FathersC．TeachersD．Classmates
小題8:
A．a(chǎn)lsoB．onlyC．evenD．never
小題9:
A．childrenB．familiesC．a(chǎn)dultsD．schools
小題10:
A．a(chǎn)rrangeB．makeC．performD．return
小題11:
A．WhyB．WhenC．WhatD．Where
小題12:
A．degreeB．restC．personD．master
小題13:
A．easyB．possible C．hardD．helpful
小題14:
A．withB．a(chǎn)gainstC．a(chǎn)boutD．from
小題15:
A．progressB．goalC．resultD．purpose

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

Scientists are trying to make some small cars that may some day take the place of today’s big cars. If everyone drives such cars in the future, there will be 1_ pollution in the air. There will _2 be more space or parking cars in cities, and the _3_ will be less crowded. Three such cars can fit in__4__ that it is now needed for one car of the usual size.
The little cars will __5___ much less to own and to drive. Driving will be __6___, too, as these little cars can go only 65 kilometers per hour. The little cars of __7___ will be fine or getting out of the city, but they will not be useful for__8__ trips. Little cars which are powered by gasoline( 汽油 ) will go 450 kilometers __9___ needing to stop for more gasoline .
If big cars still are used together with the small ones, _10__ sets of roads will be needed in the future. Some roads will be used for the big, fast cars, and some roads will be needed for the slower, small ones.
小題1:
A．muchB．lessC．smallD．more
小題2:
A．haveB．a(chǎn)lsoC．tooD．less
小題3:
A．spacesB．streetsC．shopsD．building
小題4:
A．spacesB．the roomsC．the groupD．the space
小題5:
A．spendB．takeC．costD．pay
小題6:
A．fasterB．saferC．quickD．dangerous
小題7:
A．todayB．todaysC．the pastD．the future
小題8:
A．shortB．longC．a(chǎn)nyD．the shortest
小題9:
A．a(chǎn)fterB．thenC．beforeD．while
小題10:
A．fewB．twoC．manyD．little

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Fashions in child-care (兒童保育)， as all parents know, come and go. Bottle-feeding or mother's milk?  Full-time parental care or a child-minder(兒童保育員)? These problems always trouble the parents a lot. And now, there is a book called Childsplay dealing with the problem of child-care.
The author of Childsplay, Lucy Jackson, believes most school children do some sports at school. And many adults take regular exercise in their free time.
Babies, though, spend most of the time in front of the television or sitting in a push-chair (折疊式嬰兒車) or high chair. If the world were a safer place, every child would run around freely, but that is simply not possible. As a result, they become lazy, overweight and unfit.
Ms. Jackson is worried that if small children take no regular exercise, bad habits will continue into adulthood (成人期 ). She suggests that parents should begin exercising with very small babies, moving their legs and arms gently in time to music. As children grow, they should follow and exercise program using soft balls, household furniture and play equipment.                                    
Many experts in child development do not agree. They feel that children will learn to run and jump as they play naturally; they do not need planned exercise. They would not be overweight if they ate healthier food. An increasing number of parents, though, are taking their children to exercise classes. The kids jump around with their mothers to disco music.They seem to enjoy themselves, but it is not at all clear if the classes have any effect on their future development.
小題1:According to the passage, the parents do not worry about how to care about their children.
小題2:Childsplay is a book about how to take care of the children.
小題3:Ms. Jackson doesn't believe babies take enough exercise.
小題4:Ms. Jackson encourages parents to take exercise with their babies.
小題5:Though we don’t know if the exercise will have any effect on children future development, some mothers have already taken their children to exercise.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：完形填空

We know 1  about the universe(宇宙). It means the earth, the sun, the moon, the stars, and the space 2  them.
Most of the stars are much 3 than the moon, but they look smaller 4 they are far away from the earth. At night, the moon is high in the sky 5 a light. But the moon has 6  light of its own. The light of the moon comes from the sun. The sun gives us light, heat and life. And the plants, animals and men will die 7  the sun.
The earth goes around itself 8  . When the part of the earth 9  to the sun, it is day. The 10  part of the earth is night.
The earth is our homeland. We should love it.
小題1:
A．manyB．a(chǎn) lot ofC．muchD．few
小題2:
A．inB．betweenC．a(chǎn)mongD．with
小題3:
A．fartherB．nearerC．warmerD．bigger
小題4:
A．becauseB．soC．butD．a(chǎn)nd
小題5:
A．looksB．likeC．looks likeD．a(chǎn)s
小題6:
A．notB．noC．littleD．less
小題7:
A．withB．withoutC．inD．on
小題8:
A．a(chǎn) long timeB．in the daytime C．a(chǎn)ll the timeD．take after time
小題9:
A．turnsB．getsC．pointsD．changes
小題10:
A．frontB．followingC．oppositeD．same

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

What do you usually do to get pocket money from your parents? In western countries, many children do chores to get pocket money. They usually start to do this at 10 years old.
School students have to do homework and study for tests. They don’t have a lot of free time in the week. They often do chores at the weekend.
Young kids only do easy chores. So they don’t get much money. But that’s all right. Many of them only want to buy candy. And candy is cheap! They help wash up after dinner and feed the family cat or dog.
When they get older, kids want to buy more and more things. They want things that are more expensive than candy. Then they have to work harder! They often wash the family car, cut the grass, walk the dog and cook dinner.
Some jobs are a good way for kids to learn new things. For example, they can learn to use a lawnmower(割草機) or how to cook. Of course, their parents help them at first.
小題1:How do the children in western countries get pocket money?
小題2:When do they usually start to get pocket money?
小題3:Why do the school students usually do chores at the weekend?
小題4:Why do the elder kids have to work harder?
小題5:How do they do the chores at the beginning?

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

As we all know, the ocean moves. But waves breaking on the beach make the ocean fun. When you stand on the shore and look at the waves, it seems like the water is moving towards you. But the water is not really moving forward. The moving you see is wave energy. And wave energy comes from the wind.
Let’s think about how this works. As wave energy passes through the water, the energy makes particles （粒子） of water move up and down. Just give you an example of a wave passing under a basketball. We put a basketball on the sea. When the wind blows, a wave comes from behind the basketball. The basketball moves up to the top with the wave. Then the wave continues and leaves the basketball behind. The basketball looks lower, but it doesn’t move forward. That’s because the wave energy just moves the water which is under the basketball.
　  So why can you see a wave knock you down on the shore？When a wave moves toward the shore, the bottom of the wave slows down because it meets the ocean floor. But the top, which is called crest(浪峰), keeps moving. The different action causes the wave to fall over or break onto the shore. If a wave is very large, it carries a lot of energy when it hits the land. As time goes by, waves can break up and carry away the rocks and other things on the shore. Shorelines are changing all the time because of wave action.
小題1:______ is really moving forward when you look at the wave.
A．WaterB．The basketballC．Water and wave energyD．Wave energy
小題2:Match the sentences with the pictures and the right answer.
(1) The basketball moves up to the top with the wave.
(2) The basketball continues and leaves the basketball behind.
(3) When the wind blows, a wave comes from behind the basketball.
A．a(chǎn)—(2) b—(1) c—(3)B．a(chǎn)—(3) b—(1) c—(2)
C．a(chǎn)—(1) b—(3) c—(2)D．a(chǎn)—(3) b—(2) c—(1)
小題3:Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A．Wave energy comes from the water.
B．Large waves carry plenty of energy.
C．Wave action makes shorelines change all the time.
D．The bottom of the wave is easy to slow down.
小題4:The underlined word “it” ( Paragraph 3) refers to “________”.
A．particles of waterB．the shoreC．the windD．the bottom of the wave
小題5:The main idea of this passage is ______.
A．what makes particles of water moveB．how a basketball moves on the ocean
C．how wave energy causes wave actionD．why a wave can knock you down

查看答案和解析>>

科目：初中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A Page From Li Meng’s Diary
Thursday, January 23Sunny
Today I was so happy to know that I did quite well in my last week’s science exam. Thanks to Daniel, he taught me a new way of going over lessons. It is called “map idea”.
Because of the map idea, I’ve learned how to find out the main idea in every lesson. And in my mind I can draw a map of all the important knowledge I need to remember. It’s really goo   D. I can remember so much in that way.
I never thought of changing the way of my study before. I used to complain about my poor memory, but now my memory has become good because of the map idea. It made my study much easier and more enjoyable. I realized learning how to learn well is the most important for us students.
小題1:There was a science exam in Li Meng’s class                      .
小題2:Daniel taught Li Meng a good way to study. That is                           .
小題3:Li Meng                       complain about his bad memory.
小題4:Li Meng has learned a new way of                       lessons.
小題5:It is the most important                         how to learn well.

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習冊答案