When you run in cold weather, your heart rate is _______ than in warmer conditions. Besides, the body needs less water _______ a cold day than in warm weather. This information comes from John Brewer, a sports scientist at St. Mary's University in London. Brewer says every movement runners make produces heat. He explains that one way in which we lose heat is by sweating, and that the body loses heat by transporting the blood to the surface of the skin. But sweating puts much strain (張力) on the heart, particularly in hot conditions because it is _______ harder to lose heat when the external environment is warm as well.

In addition, running in higher temperatures results in faster heart rates. Scientists find that heart rates are about 6 percent higher in the hotter conditions. _______, running in cooler temperatures has some advantages. One is that the body does not have to work so hard to pump (輸送) blood to the skins surface in cooler temperatures, which means running requires less energy. Several websites note that the most important thing for people ________ run in cold conditions is to wear the right clothing. And especially, keeping as dry as possible is very important when exercising in low temperatures.

【1】A.leaveB.leavingC.leftD.to leave

【2】A.whatB.thatC.whetherD.if

【3】A.helpB.to helpC.helpsD.helping

【4】A.aB.anC.theD./

【5】A.thatB.thisC.itsD.it

【6】A.lowerB.lowC.lowestD.the lowest

【7】A.atB.ofC.inD.on

【8】A.manyB.moreC.muchD.most

【9】A.ButB.ThereforeC.HoweverD.Yet

【10】A.whichB.whatC.whenD.who

I've been traveling since I was seven years old. For me, to stop traveling would be like taking something away from my soul (靈魂).I can't live 【5】 traveling and I wouldn't be who I am if I don't travel. Some people think it's 【6】 to travel after having kids. But in my【7】 , when people become parents, it doesn't mean they couldn't travel any more. My children have been traveling since they were three weeks old.

Bringing a new life into the world comes with many responsibilities (責(zé)任) and I'd love to be a good mother. One of my duties is to educate my children. I'm so thankful that 【8】 parents took me on family trips when I was young. I've learned that 【9】 outside world is more colorful than the little one I was living in. Of course, I want to .pass these travel experience on to my 【10】.

I value the memories I have traveling with my children. I'm sure they will always remember them in their lives.

要求：1、語句通順，語法正確，可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮，書寫工整，文章要分段。

2、不少于 80 詞，開頭和結(jié)尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。Dear chairman,

Are you searching for volunteers in our school?________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Here are the top 5 answers from our survey (調(diào)查): ① Scary movies and TV shows: ②Scary dreams; ③Thunderstorms, hurricanes(颶風(fēng)); and other horrible weather ④War and terrorism (恐怖行動); ⑤Sounds heard at night.

But not everyone is afraid of the same thing. And what makes one person scared can be of no big deal for someone else. Plenty of kids said their biggest fear wasn’t on our list.

What is fear? Fear is a feeling that everyone has -- it’s programmed into all of us -- and that’s a good thing because fear is there to protect us. Besides, it also makes us stronger. We’re born with a sense of fear so we can react to something that could be dangerous. The baby cries, and their mom comes over to comfort him or her, helping the baby feel safe and OK again.

The best way to get over a fear is to get more information about it. As kids get older, they understand more and start seeing the difference between what is real and unreal. So when William’s imagination leads him to think of witches, he can tell himself, “Wait a minute. They’re only pretending things. I don’t need to worry about them.”

The same goes for the dark. A kid’s imagination can start playing tricks when the lights go out. What’s under my bed? Is that a thief I hear? With the help of a parent, kids can get more comfortable in the dark. Using a nightlight or shining a flashlight under the bed to see that there’s nothing there can help kids fight that fear.

【1】From the survey, what do kids fear most?

____________________________________________

【2】Why does the writer think fear is a good thing?

____________________________________________

【3】In the writer’s opinion, how can we fight a fear?

_____________________________________________

【4】According to the passage, is it possible for strong adult to fear a small insect?

_____________________________________________

【5】If a kid is afraid of something hiding under the bed at night, what can we do to help him?

_____________________________________________

A.The more carefully; the fewer mistakesB.The more careful; the fewer mistakes

C.The more careful; the less mistakeD.More carefully; fewer mistakes

內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)：1.首先, 騎自行車出行方便，可以隨時租還（rent and return）;

2. 其次, 如果更多的人騎自行車， 街道上就不會那么擁擠；

3. 最重要的是， 騎自行車幾乎沒有污染， 有助于保護(hù)環(huán)境。

要求：1. 短文必須包括所有內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)， 可適當(dāng)發(fā)揮。

2.80詞左右， 開頭已給出， 不計入總詞數(shù)。

Now public bikes are provided for people in many cities in China. I think it’s a good thing

Some illnesses are caused by bacteria (細(xì)菌). Scientists think bacteria are alive. They are very, very small. Still, they do many things that living things do. They take in nutrients(營養(yǎng)), just as people do by eating. Then they make more bacteria. After a while, they die. Viruses are different. To make more viruses, they take over the cells of other creatures( 生 物 ) because viruses need proteins(蛋白質(zhì)) to survive(存活) but they cannot make proteins on their own. So they have to spread disease to people and other animals, then the virus can make proteins, which lets it make more of itself. That is one reason why some scientists say viruses are not alive. Living things can make their own proteins. Viruses cannot.

Other scientists disagree. They say viruses are alive. These scientists argue that many living things need a host. Parasites(寄生蟲) are one example. They are living things. Yet they can only survive in a host. An example of a host would be a human or a dog. Viruses are not so different.

It does not really matter if viruses are alive or not. That is just a undecided question that scientists have for fun. However, there are plenty of good reasons to study viruses. Scientists want to learn more about how they work.

【1】You could have a virus if you________.

A.feel sleepyB.have some parasitesC.have a cold

【2】How do viruses make proteins?

A.By taking in nutrients.

B.By making proteins by themselves.

C.By bringing disease to people and other animals

【3】The underlined word take over means________.

A.接受B.借用C.生產(chǎn)

【4】Why do some scientists think viruses are alive?

A.Because viruses also need to depend on other creatures to live.

B.Because viruses have to use proteins to make more viruses.

C.Because viruses don’t need a host at all.

【5】Which of the following is NOT true?

A.Not only viruses but also bacteria can make people fall ill.

B.For scientists, it is still unknown whether viruses are alive or not now.

C.After spreading disease to people, the number of viruses will become smaller.

At one time, Matt wanted a grammar book in order to join a class. But the book was so expensive that his mother couldn’t afford it.

He was very upset about this and went to bed with a heavy heart, thinking about what could be done to get the book.

As soon as he woke in the morning, he found that a heavy snow had fallen and the cold wind was blowing hard. “Ah”, he said, “ every problem brings a solution for some people.” He got up, ran to his neighbor’s house and offered to clean the snow from their sidewalk(人行道). His offer was accepted, after he completed this work and received his pay, he went to another neighbor and offered the same service. Then he went to several other houses until he had enough money to buy the grammar book.

When school began, Matt was in his seat, the happiest boy there, ready to begin studying with his new book. From that time on, Matt always did well in all of his classes.

Because he had the will(意志), he always found a way.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，回答下列問題。

【1】When did Matt’s father die?

__________________________________________________

【2】Why did Matt want a grammar book?

__________________________________________________

【3】What did Matt find when he woke the next morning?

__________________________________________________

【4】How could Matt get enough money to get the grammar book?

__________________________________________________

【5】What can you learn from the passage?

__________________________________________________

Firstly, it’s important to choose a book which is the right level for you. If you are just starting out with English, don’t try to read a 600-page classic novel!

Secondly, although having a dictionary at hand to look up words is useful, you should try not to translate word by word, or you will soon get bored. Look up the words that you think are important to understand the text or follow the sentence. This will make it more likely that you will remember it in the future,

Finally, perseverance(毅力) is the key. Although at first it may seem that reading has become a chore, you will soon get into the story and you will end up not being able to put the book down! The feeling of finishing a book in a different language is very satisfying. If you finish one, don’t stop there! The more you read, the more vocabularies you will learn and the more you will become familiar with sentence structures and common phrases.

I hope next time you pick up a book, it will be in English.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成下面表格，每空詞數(shù)不限。

In order to bring back the forest manor’s beauty, Paul tried to borrow money from a bank. But the bank refused him, for the bank didn’t believe he’d pay it back. Then he felt too frustrated to eat or drink. So he hid in his room for days. His wife was worried about him and suggested he should take a break outside.

Paul went for a walk. When he turned the first corner, he saw a store with a huge crowd. It turned out that the housewives were lining up to buy charcoal (木炭) used for winter heating.

Then Paul’s eyes lit up. He ran home and hired some charcoal workers to process the forest’s burnt trees into charcoal.

Soon, he sold more than 1,000 boxes of charcoal. As soon as his charcoal went on the market, it sold out quickly.

The following year in the spring, he used the money to buy a large number of seedlings. After a few years, the forest manor that everyone thought had disappeared came to life again.

【1】Paul wanted to borrow money from a bank to________.

A.make his manor beautiful again

B.buy some charcoal for winter heating

C.make his family live more happily

【2】How did Paul make the manor come to life again?

A.By borrowing some money from the bank.

B.By running a store to sell charcoal to those housewives.

C.By processing the burnt trees into charcoal and getting money.

【3】What does the underlined word mean in the passage?

A.森林B.樹苗C.木頭

【4】Which of the following may not be Paul’s feelings in this story?

A.Upset and hopelessB.Cheerful and happyC.Embarrassed and bored

【5】Which sentence from (《道德經(jīng)》) has the similar meaning to the main idea of the passage?

A.知人者智自知者明。勝人者有力，自勝者強(qiáng)。

B.人法地，地法天，天法道，道法自然。

C.禍兮，福之所倚；福兮，禍之所伏。