已知數(shù)列{an}中,a1=-1,且(n+1)an,(n+2)an+1,n成等差數(shù)列.
(1)設(shè)bn=(n+1)an-n+2,求證:數(shù)列{bn}是等比數(shù)列.(2)求{an}的通項(xiàng)公式.
【答案】
分析:(1)根據(jù)(n+1)a
n,(n+2)a
n+1,n成等差數(shù)列可知(n+2)a
n+1=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/0.png)
(n+1)a
n+
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/1.png)
,把這一關(guān)系式代入
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/2.png)
中,進(jìn)而可推知
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/3.png)
=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/4.png)
,進(jìn)而可證明數(shù)列{b
n}是等比數(shù)列
(2)根據(jù)(1)中數(shù)列{b
n}是等比數(shù)列可求得數(shù)列{b
n}的通項(xiàng)公式,依據(jù)b
n=(n+1)a
n-n+2,進(jìn)而可求{a
n}的通項(xiàng)公式.
解答:(1)證明:由已知得(n+2)a
n+1=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/5.png)
(n+1)a
n+
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/6.png)
,
∵b
1=2a
1-1+2=-1,
∴
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/7.png)
=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/8.png)
=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/9.png)
=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/10.png)
=
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/11.png)
∴數(shù)列{b
n}是等比數(shù)列
(2)由(1)得b
n=-(
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/12.png)
)
n-1,即(n+1)a
n-n+2
=-(
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/13.png)
)
n-1.
∴a
n=-
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/14.png)
(
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/15.png)
)
n-1+
![](http://thumb.zyjl.cn/pic6/res/gzsx/web/STSource/20131023214458843686261/SYS201310232144588436862010_DA/16.png)
.
點(diǎn)評(píng):本題主要考查了等比關(guān)系的確定.判定的關(guān)鍵是看數(shù)列的每一項(xiàng)與前一項(xiàng)的比為同一個(gè)常數(shù).