【題目】閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

All eyes were on Jack Ma. The chairman of Alibaba Group Holding Ltd 【1】(step) down On Teachers’ Day from leading the e-commerce giant. “I still have lots of dreams to go after”, Ma wrote in 【2】open letter last year, announcing his parting. The 55-year-old businessman showed up at his farewell party (歡送會(huì)) 【3】 (dress) up like a rock star.

Ma's rags-to-riches story is a good example of doing something different. 【4】 (visit) America in 1995, Ma saw the Internet and had the idea of setting up his own trading website. In 1999, he founded Alibaba struggling for years to get it off the ground. E-commerce was【5】(gradual) brought to China by Ma, 【6】success has inspired many Chinese tech businessmen.

Now Ma is looking to focus 【7】 education. “I'm not gonna teach English; I'm not gonna teach business. But I'm gonna teach young people how to face 【8】(challenge),” he told Bloomberg News. It's never true skilled sailor can 【9】(make) on calm waters. As Ma said, “Today is cruel, tomorrow is 【10】(cruel). But the day after tomorrow is beautiful.”

【答案】

【1】stepped

【2】an

【3】dressed

【4】Visiting

【5】gradually

【6】whose

【7】on/upon

【8】challenges

【9】be made

【10】crueler/more cruel

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文從馬云辭去董事長(zhǎng)的事情，講到他的白手起家，告訴我們“人要有一個(gè)夢(mèng)想，夢(mèng)想讓我們從不害怕挫折”。

【1】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)后文On Teachers’ Day可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填stepped。

【2】考查冠詞。letter為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指應(yīng)用不定冠詞，且open為元音音素開頭的單詞。故填an。

【3】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知dress在句中作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與邏輯主語(yǔ)The 55-year-old businessman構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，表示“使……穿著”，故應(yīng)用過(guò)去分詞。故填dressed。

【4】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知visit在句中作非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，與邏輯主語(yǔ)Ma構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用現(xiàn)在分詞。故填Visiting。

【5】考查副詞。修飾后文動(dòng)詞brought應(yīng)用副詞gradually，表示“逐漸地”。故填gradually。

【6】考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞Ma，且先行詞在從句中做定語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞whose。故填whose。

【7】考查介詞。根據(jù)短語(yǔ)focus on/upon表示“集中于；專注于”。故填on/upon。

【8】考查名詞的數(shù)。challenge為可數(shù)名詞，此處前面沒(méi)有冠詞故應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填challenges。

【9】考查動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)。本句中主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且can后跟動(dòng)詞原形。故填be made。

【10】考查比較級(jí)。句意：今天很殘酷，明天更殘酷。結(jié)合句意可知表示“更殘酷”應(yīng)用形容詞比較級(jí)。故填crueler/more cruel。

定語(yǔ)從句中的關(guān)系詞選擇，可考慮以下幾點(diǎn)：

1、看清楚先行詞的意義，就是理清先行詞是指人、指物、時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因。指物時(shí)不能用who或whom，指人時(shí)通常不用which等等。

2、看清楚關(guān)系詞的句法功能，就是理清關(guān)系詞是擔(dān)任什么句子成分，是作主語(yǔ)還是賓語(yǔ)、是作定語(yǔ)還是狀語(yǔ)等等。作定語(yǔ)通常用whose，有時(shí)也用which。作狀語(yǔ)要用when, where, why。

3、看清楚定語(yǔ)從句的種類，就是理清是限制性定語(yǔ)從句還是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。that、why通常不引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。

4、看清楚文體，就是理清是正式文體，還是非正式文體。是書面語(yǔ)體還是口語(yǔ)體。

如第六小題，此處為定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞Ma，且先行詞在從句中做定語(yǔ)，故用關(guān)系代詞whose。故填whose。

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