【題目】閱讀下面材料,在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。

In Europe, most capital cities 1plan)and built before cars,and city centre traffic jams 2be)part of daily life for a long time.The situation in central London, 3drivers spent fifty percent of their time in queues,became so bad 4 the local government decided to do something about it.In February 2003 the mayor of London introduced a"congestion charge"-a tax for cars 5enter)the centre of the city.

【答案】

1were planned

2have been

3where

4that

5entering

【解析】

本文是一篇說(shuō)明文,介紹了倫敦市中心的交通堵塞情況以及當(dāng)?shù)卣雠_(tái)的解決措施。

1

考查時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意:在歐洲,大多數(shù)國(guó)家的首都是在汽車(chē)出現(xiàn)之前規(guī)劃和建造的,市中心的交通堵塞早已成為日常生活的一部分。事情發(fā)生在過(guò)去,主語(yǔ)capital citiesplan之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系,所以用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),故填were planned。

2

考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意同上,此處強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響,應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí),主語(yǔ)是traffic jams,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù),故填have been。

3

考查非限定性定語(yǔ)從句。句意:在倫敦市中心,司機(jī)們一半的時(shí)間都在排隊(duì),情況變得如此糟糕,以至于當(dāng)?shù)卣疀Q定采取措施。此處為非限定性定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系詞指代先行詞London并在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故填where

4

考查結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。句意同上,so...that...表示“如此……以致”,用that引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句,故填that

5

考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意:20032月,倫敦市長(zhǎng)推出了一項(xiàng)“交通擁堵費(fèi)”——對(duì)進(jìn)入市中心的汽車(chē)征稅。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知此處使用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞,carsenter之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系,表示主動(dòng),用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語(yǔ),故填entering。

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