Question

【題目】 Most young people enjoy some form of physical activity. It may be walking, cycling or swimming, or in winter, skating or skiing. It may be a game of some kind, football, hockey, golf or tennis. It may be mountaineering.

Those who have a passion for climbing high and difficult mountains are often looked upon with astonishment. Why are men and women willing to suffer cold and hardship, and to take risks on high mountains? This astonishment is caused probably by the difference between mountaineering and other forms of activity to which men give their leisure.

Mountaineering is a sport and not a game. There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football. There are, of course, rules of a different kind which it would be dangerous to ignore, but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. Those who climb mountains are free to use their own methods.

If we compare mountaineering and other more familiar sports, we might think that one big difference is that mountaineering is not a "team game". We should be mistaken in this. There are, it is true, no "matches" between teams of climbers, but when climbers are on a rockface linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously team work. The mountain climber knows that he may have to fight forces that are stronger and more powerful than man. He has to fight the forces of nature, his sport requires high mental and physical qualities.

A mountain climber continues to improve in skill year after year. A skier is probably past his best by the age of thirty, and most international tennis champions are in their early twenties. But it is not unusual for a man of fifty or sixty to climb the highest mountains in the Alps. They may take more time than younger men, but they probably climb with more skill and less waste of effort, and they certainly experience equal enjoyment.

【1】Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?

A.Differences between Golf and Mountaineering.B.Sports and Games.

C.Mountaineering.D.Why are so many people crazy about mountaineering?

【2】The mountaineering can also be called a team sport because_______.

A.mountain climbers usually compete in groups

B.mountaineers depend on each other while climbing

C.mountaineering climbers are free to use their own rules to climb

D.mountaineering is a sport not a game

【3】The biggest difference between golf and mountaineering lies in_______.

A.team gameB.enjoyment

C.ageD.rules

【4】In the author's opinion, one of the most important reason why so many people enjoy mountaineering is that_______.

A.there are no man-made rules for mountaineers

B.mountaineering is a sport and not a game

C.it is one of the most dangerous sports

D.mountaineering bring us more enjoyment than other sports

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了登山運(yùn)動(dòng)，包括以下幾個(gè)方面：登山是一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，而不是游戲。解釋了人們?cè)敢馊淌芎�冷和困苦，在高山上冒險(xiǎn)的原因，即沒有規(guī)則的束縛；登山隊(duì)之間沒有“比賽”，但有團(tuán)隊(duì)合作；登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員的技巧逐年提高。

【1】主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，文章主要圍繞著登山展開，介紹了登山是一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)，而不是游戲；登山隊(duì)之間沒有“比賽”，但有團(tuán)隊(duì)合作；登山運(yùn)動(dòng)員的登攀技巧逐年提高。故C選項(xiàng)“登山運(yùn)動(dòng)”為文章最佳標(biāo)題。故選C項(xiàng)。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段“There are, it is true, no ‘matches’ between teams of climbers, but when climbers are on a rockface linked by a rope on which their lives may depend, there is obviously team work.”登山隊(duì)之間沒有“比賽”，但當(dāng)?shù)巧秸咛幵谝粋�(gè)由繩索連接的巖石表面上時(shí)，他們的生命系于繩索上，顯然此時(shí)要靠團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。由此可知登山運(yùn)動(dòng)也被稱為團(tuán)隊(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)是因?yàn)榈巧秸咴诘巧竭^程中是要互相幫助，互相依靠。故選B項(xiàng)。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“There are no man-made rules, as there are for such games as golf and football.”可知在高爾夫和足球這類比賽中存在由人制定的規(guī)則，而登山運(yùn)動(dòng)沒有。這就是高爾夫和登山運(yùn)動(dòng)之間最大的區(qū)別。故選D項(xiàng)。

【4】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段“but it is this freedom from man-made rules that makes mountaineering attractive to many people. ”（但正是因?yàn)榈巧街腥藗儾皇苋硕ㄒ?guī)則的束縛，使登山吸引了許多人。） 可知作者認(rèn)為，人們享受登山運(yùn)動(dòng)的最重要原因之一就是登山者不受人定規(guī)則的束縛。故選A項(xiàng)。

主旨大意題解題技巧

(1) 要在閱讀原文基礎(chǔ)上，仔細(xì)考慮選項(xiàng)是否與文章主題有密切聯(lián)系；

(2) 再看選項(xiàng)對(duì)文章的概括性或覆蓋面如何；

(3) 要注意題目是否過大或者過��；

(4) 要避免下列三種錯(cuò)誤：概括不夠(多表現(xiàn)為部分代整體，導(dǎo)致范圍過小)、過度概括(多表現(xiàn)為擴(kuò)大范圍)、以事實(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)代替抽象概括的大意。

如第1小題，要求選擇最佳標(biāo)題，A項(xiàng)（高爾夫和登山的區(qū)別）作為標(biāo)題概括不夠，B項(xiàng)（運(yùn)動(dòng)和游戲）作為標(biāo)題過度概括，D項(xiàng)（為什么這么多人熱衷于登山）以事實(shí)、細(xì)節(jié)代替抽象概括的大意，故選擇C項(xiàng)為最佳標(biāo)題。