3.Niels Bohr did well at school without ever being brilliant,usually coming third or fourth in a class of about 20students.If he really was good at any subject,it was,perhaps,physical education.He was an excellent soccer player,yet not as good as his brother.This was Niels Bohr,the worldfamous Nobel prize winning physicist.
Born to a physiology(生理學(xué))professor,Niels lived in a world of ideas and discussion from his very early childhood at home.He developed an interest in physics and mathematics from the early days of his education.With no laboratory available in school and college,he would perform experiments in his father's laboratory.His first work on surface tension was done here,for which he won the Gold Medal in 1906from the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences.
Early in his scientific career,Bohr made great contributions to the understanding of atomic(原子的)structure based on quantum mechanics(量子力學(xué)).Neils Bohr came up with the model of an atom which was able to explain all the properties(性質(zhì))of the atom.It is this atomic model that is accepted even today with only ver slight improvements.This work won him the Nobel Prize for physics in 1922.
When the Nazis controlled Denmark,his life became difficult.He had to escape to Sweden in 1943in a fishing boat;from there he fled to England.England opened up opportunities of working on the atom bomb(原子彈).After a few months he joined a British research team and went to Los Alamos in the United States where the team continued to work on the project.
Niels was also deeply concerned with making people realize the destructive power of the atomic bomb.He published a letter to the United Nations in 1950which asked them to help get rid of nuclear(核的)weaponsin the world.This and his other activities won Bohr the first U.S.Atoms for Peace Award in 1957.He spent his remaining years showing,people that nuclear energy must be used in a positive and productive way.
29.Who probably helped Niels Bohr develop an interest in physics?D
A.His brother.
B.His mother.
C.His teacher.
D.His father.
30.Niels Bohr received the Nobel Prize mainly because ofB.
A.his physical education
B.his atomic model
C.his understanding of quantum mechanics
D.his work on surface tension
31.Niels Bohr did his research work on the atom bomb inB
A.Denmark
B.America
C.England
D.Sweden
32.From the last paragraph we can infer thatB
A.the power of the atomic bomb will be used properly
B.Niels thought it wrong to develop nuclear weapons
C.nuclear energy has been used in quite a few ways
D.Niels would like to go on with his research work.
分析 丹麥物理學(xué)家尼爾斯•玻爾年輕的時候就對物理學(xué)和數(shù)學(xué)產(chǎn)生了濃厚的興趣.1906年,他獲得了丹麥皇家科技學(xué)院頒發(fā)的金牌;1922年,他榮獲諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎;1957年,他獲得首個"美國和平利用原子能獎".
解答 29.D 推理判斷題.根據(jù)第二段中的"Born to a physiology(生理學(xué))professor,Niels lived in a world of ideas and discussion from the very early childhood at home."和"…h(huán)e would perform experiments in his father's lab oratory."可以判斷出,父親在尼爾斯對物理學(xué)的興趣培養(yǎng)方面起到了幫助作用.
30.B 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第三段可知,尼爾斯獲得諾貝爾獎是由于他所提出的原子模型,該原子模型可以解釋原子的所有性質(zhì).
31.B 細節(jié)理解題.根據(jù)第四段可知,尼爾斯從瑞典逃到了英國,英國鼓勵原子彈研究,幾個月后他加入一個英國研究小組去美國研究該課題,所以他是在美國研究原子彈的.
32.B 推理判斷題,根據(jù)最后一段中的"He published a letter to the United Nations in 1950 which asked them to help get rid of nuclear(核的)weapons in theworld."可知,尼爾斯請求聯(lián)合國幫助消除世界上的核武器,由此可以推斷出他認為研制核武器是錯誤的.
點評 本文是一個人物故事類閱讀理解,題目涉及多道細節(jié)理解題,做題時結(jié)合原文和題目有針對性的找出相關(guān)語句進行仔細分析,結(jié)合選項選出正確答案.推理判斷題也是要在抓住關(guān)鍵句子的基礎(chǔ)上合理的分析才能得出正確答案,切忌胡亂猜測,一定要做到有理有據(jù).