Question

 Cheating is nothing new. But today,the Administrative Department for Education finds that examples of academic dishonesty on the part of students have become more frequent—and are less likely to be punished--than in the past. Cheating appears to have gained acceptance among good and poor students alike.

  Why is student cheating on the rise? No one really knows. Some blame the trend on a general loosening of moral values among today’s youth. Others have attributed (歸因于) increased cheating to the fact that today’s youth are far more practical than their idealistic ancestors. Whereas in the late sixties and early seventies,students were filled with visions about changing the world,today’s students feel great pressure to survive and succeed. In interviews with students at high schools and colleges around the country,both young men and women said that cheating had become easy. Some suggested they did it out of hate for teachers they didn’t respect. Others looked at it as a game. Only if they were caught,some said,would they feel guilty. “People are com-petitive ,” said a second-year college student named Anna,from Chicago. “There is a potential fear. If you don’t do well,your life is going to be ruined. The pressure is not only from parents and friends but from yourself. To achieve. To succeed. It’s almost as though we have to surpass people to achieve our own goals. ”

  Edward Wynne,editor of a magazine blames the rise in academic dishonesty in the schools. He claims that administrators and teachers have been too hesitant to take action. Dwight Huber,chairman of the English Department at Amarillo sees the matter differently,blaming the rise in cheating on the way students evaluated. “I would cheat if I felt I was being cheated ,” Mr Huber said. He feels that as long as teachers give short-answer tests rather than essay questions and rate students by the number of facts they can memorize rather than by how well they can combine and process information,students will try to beat the system. “The concept of cheating is based on the false belief that the system is legal and there is something wrong with the individuals who’re doing it ,”he said, “that’s too easy an answer. We’ve got to start looking at the system. ”

(   ) 1. Educators are finding that students who cheat      

   A. have poor academic records

   B. use the information in late years

   C. can be academically weak or strong

   D. are more likely to be punished than before

(   ) 2. Which of the following statements reflects the in formation in the passage?

   A. The pressure students faced with is partly the reason causing the student cheating.

   B. Only the educational system and administrators are to blame for the rise in the cheating.

   C. The 1960s’ visions of changing the world helped students never make mistakes.

   D. Punishment for cheaters has always been severe in this country.

(   ) 3. The underlined words “the individuals”in the last paragraph refer to       

   A. students who practise cheating

   B. parents who put pressure on their children

   C. school administrators who approve of short-answer tests

   D. teachers who are too hesitant to take action against cheating

(   ) 4. The author probably would agree with the point of view that        .

   A. students who cheat should be driven out of school

   B. parents alone must take responsibility for the rise in student cheating

   C. the educational system is sound,and students must follow every rule

   D. the educational system in this country would benefit from a thorough evaluation

Answer 1

[文章大意]本文是一篇調(diào)査報(bào)告。文章調(diào)查了學(xué)生作弊的情況并對作弊的原因進(jìn)行了分析。

1. C根據(jù)文章第一段中的"Cheating appears to have gained ac?ceptance among good and poor students alike.”可以推知，句子中的good and poor students alike和題干中的"…students who cheat can be academically weak or strong."是同義句，即好學(xué)生和壞學(xué)生與專業(yè)水平強(qiáng)和專業(yè)水平弱的學(xué)生意思相同。故選C.

2. A根據(jù)文章第二段中的"The pressure is not only from par?ents and friends but from yourself. To achieve. To succeed. It's almost as though we have to surpass people to achieve our own goals."可知，學(xué)生作弊的一部分原因是他們面臨的壓力很大。故選A. B、C項(xiàng)中的Only和never說得太絕對，D選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容與文章內(nèi)容相反。

3. A根據(jù)文章最后一段的"…there is something wrong with the individuals who're doing it…"可知，who后用are證明是復(fù)數(shù)，即前文提到的學(xué)生們。故選A.

4. D根據(jù)文章最后一段中的"…chairman of the English De?partment at Amarillo sees the matter differently,blaming the rise in cheating on the way students evaluated."可知，學(xué)生作弊的原因是學(xué)生評價(jià)體系的問題。這與D選項(xiàng)一致。故選D.