Do you know mulch? Mulch is a protective cover of material that is spread on top of soil. It is usually made out of organic material, like crop waste. Farmers may keep the remains of corn or other crops on top of the soil. This creates mulch on the soil surface. The plant remains help protect the soil against wind and water damage. Mulching is one of the best things people can do for their plants. It also helps keep the soil from getting dry, and reduces the need for watering plants. It also limits temperature changes in the soil. And it stops unwanted plants, or weeds, from growing.
Organic mulch improves the condition of soil. As the mulch breaks down, it provides material which keeps the soil from getting hard. This improves the growth of roots and increases the movement of water through the soil. It also improves the ability of the soil to hold water. Organic mulch contains nutrients for plants. It also provides good environment for earthworms and other helpful living things in the soil.
It is easy to find organic mulch materials. Cut-up leaves and small pieces of tree bark can be used. Grass cuttings are also a good mulch for plants. Mulch from news- papers works well in controlling weeds.
The best time to add mulch depends on your goal. Mulch provides a thick barrier between the soil and the air. This helps to reduce temperature changes in the soil. As a result, mulched soil will be cooler than other soil in the summer. In winter, the mulched soil may not freeze as deeply as other soil. The best time is after the ground has frozen, but before the coldest weather arrives. Spreading mulch before the ground has frozen may attract small animals searching for a warm place to spend the winter. Delaying the spreading should prevent this problem. The animals will probably find another place to live.
小題1:The author tells us the following EXCEPT ______.
A．what mulch is and its advantages
B．the best time to add mulch
C．the bad effects of mulch
D．what can be mulch on the soil surface
小題2: The following can be used as organic materials to make mulch EXCEPT ______.
A．tree barksB．plasticC．grass cuttingsD．cut-up leaves
小題3: The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that organic mulch can ______.
A．improve the condition of soil
B．improve the ability of the soil to hold water
C．provide a good environment for earthworms
D．improve the growth of roots and increase the movement of water through the soil
小題4: From the last paragraph, we know ______.
A．the best time to add mulch is in spring and summer
B．the best time to add mulch is after the coldest weather arrives
C．the best time to add mulch is exactly the same time of each year
D．choosing the best time to add mulch can avoid attracting small animals

小題1:C
小題2:B
小題3:A
小題4:D

試題分析：文章介紹了農(nóng)業(yè)中覆蓋層的一些知識。覆蓋層是置于植物周圍土壤上助其生長的枯樹葉、小樹枝或糞肥等。覆蓋層不但能夠改良土壤環(huán)境，而且隨著覆蓋層的分解，它還能避免土壤的硬化問題。此外覆蓋層也有助于水分的保持，但是添加覆蓋層的時間也是有講究的。
小題1:C細節(jié)理解題。文章第一段介紹了mulch是什么，第二段介紹了mulch的好處，第三段講用什么來充當mulch，第四段提到添加mulch的最佳時間，而對于mulch的壞處文中沒有涉及，由此可知答案選C。
小題2:B細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Cut-up leaves and small pieces of tree bark can be used. Grass cuttings are also a good mulch for plant可知碎樹葉、小樹枝和碎草都可以用作mulch，故答案選B。
小題3:A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)It also improves the ability of the soil to hold water可知護根或者覆蓋層可以起到改良土壤的作用，所以答案選A。
小題4:D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)末段Spreading mulch before the ground has frozen may attract small animals searching for a warm place to spend the winter. Delaying the spreading should prevent this problem可知在地面上凍以后添加覆蓋層會避免小動物選擇溫暖的覆蓋層過冬，所以選擇最佳時間能避免這個問題，故答案選D�？键c：
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小題1:In the first paragraph, the author aims to tell us        .
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B．the average price of school lunch
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Some scientists see radical changes in the way the human race co-operates, Hydrogen creates clectricity, and is also created by it. With dual use fuel cells, everyone who consumes energy could also produce it ,Late at night, a man drives home in London and connects his car into the “world-wide hydrogen web”, which it supplies with electricity ,A few hours later, a man in Beijing uses that electricity to power the hydrogen cell in his car, Hydrogen could be the first democratic energy source.
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A．It has by-products
B．It has to be separated from other materials
C．It will make energy too cheap
D．It is too far away from us
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A．To tell us that we produce energy while using hydrogen power
B．To tell us that hydrogen power does not produce pollution
C．To show hydrogen power can stop war
D．To show hydrogen power is cheap
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A．skepticalB．negativeC．indifferentD．positive
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A．war and energy
B．the future of hydrogen as an energy resource
C．the disadvantages of oil
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The two-year study compared children who were read to this way in class with children who were not. Those whose teachers most often discussed the print showed clearly higher skills in reading, spelling and understanding. These results were found one year and even two years later.
Shayne Piasta, an assistant professor of teaching and learning at Ohio State University, was an author of the study. She says most preschool teachers would find this method manageable and would need only a small change in the way they teach. They already read storybooks in class. The only difference would be increased attention to the printed text.
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小題1:According to the text, Shayne Piasta _______.
A．worked in a middle school
B．didn’t attend the research at all
C．liked kids to be educated through words
D．hoped to increase kids’ interest through pictures
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A．focused on adults’ education
B．was to study reading results
C．was mainly conducted at home
D．tested kids with good reading skills
小題3:What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A．Why words have meanings.
B．Different expressions of words.
C．How words are spelled differently.
D．Ways of teaching about print.
小題4: The text may appear in ____.
A．Child Development
B．Daily Technology
C．International Affairs
D．Health Development

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