Question

【題目】 People who sleep fewer than six hours a night are more likely to die early, researchers in University of Warwick have found in a recent study. They discovered that people who slept for less than six hours each night were 12% more likely to die before the age of 65 than those who slept the recommended six to eight hours a night.

The researchers pointed out that previous studies had shown that the lack of sleep was associated with problems like heart disease and high blood pressure. However, the researchers also found that sleeping too much was linked to an early death. Those who slept for more than nine hours a night were 30% more likely to die early, as an article in the latest Sleep suggested. That directly contradicts another passage in the same journal last month suggesting that people who slept for ten hours or longer a night were more likely to live to 100. This was thought to be because people who lived into extreme old age were healthier and therefore slept better.

However, the authors of the latest research contradicted this and suggested that long sleep was a sign of underlying illnesses such as depression and low levels of physical activity. Professor Francesco Cappuccio at the University of Warwick said: “ While short sleep may represent a cause of ill-health, long sleep is believed to represent more an indicator of ill-health.”

He also mentioned: “ Modern society has seen a gradual reduction in the average amount of sleep people take, and this pattern is more common among full-time workers, suggesting that it may be due to social pressures for longer working hours. On the other hand, the worsening of our health is often accompanied by an extension of our sleeping time.”

“Consistently sleeping six to eight hours per night may be good for health. However, whether to achieve the goal depends on various factors such as the environment as well as measures of public health aimed at favourable changes of the working environments,” Professor Francesco Cappuccio added.

【1】What did researchers in University of Warwick find?

A.People who sleep fewer than 6 hours each night die before 65.

B.Sleeping for more than 9 hours a night does good to one's health.

C.Six to eight hours’ sleep can be appropriate for people.

D.People at an old age are healthier because they sleep longer.

【2】What is Professor Francesco Cappuccio most likely to agree with?

A.Long sleep is what causes our health problems.

B.Modern people sleep less because they work longer.

C.Our health becomes worse because we sleep less.

D.How long we sleep depends on our education.

【3】What did the researcher think may help people have proper sleep?

A.Social pressure.B.Longer working hours.

C.Extension of sleeping time.D.Changes of working environments.

【4】What can be the best title for this passage?

A.How Long Should We SleepB.Longer Sleep Makes Better Health

C.Time to Sleep EarlyD.The Importance of Sleep

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】C

【2】B

【3】D

【4】A

【解析】

這是一篇新聞報(bào)道類文章。研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，每晚睡眠不足6小時(shí)的人死亡風(fēng)險(xiǎn)更大。每晚睡6至8小時(shí)最合適。

【1】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“They discovered that people who slept for less than six hours each night were 12% more likely to die before the age of 65 than those who slept the recommended six to eight hours a night.”可知，研究者們發(fā)現(xiàn)，每晚睡眠不足6小時(shí)的人在65歲之前死亡的可能性比那些每晚睡足6至8小時(shí)的人高出12%。由此可知，每晚睡足6至8小時(shí)是比較合適的。故選C。

【2】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Modern society has seen a gradual reduction in the average amount of sleep people take, and this pattern is more common among full-time workers, suggesting that it may be due to social pressures for longer working hours”可知，Professor Francesco Cappuccio認(rèn)為：現(xiàn)代社會(huì)中，人們的平均睡眠時(shí)間逐漸減少，這種模式在全職工作者中更為常見，這可能是由于長(zhǎng)時(shí)間工作的社會(huì)壓力造成的。結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，B選項(xiàng)切題。故選B。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Consistently sleeping six to eight hours per night may be good for health. However, whether to achieve the goal depends on various factors such as the environment as well as measures of public health aimed at favourable changes of the working environments”可知，能否實(shí)現(xiàn)每晚睡足6至8小時(shí)這個(gè)目標(biāo)取決于環(huán)境的改變以及針對(duì)工作環(huán)境變化的公共衛(wèi)生措施等多種因素。由此可知，工作環(huán)境的改變是幫助人們獲得適當(dāng)睡眠的方法之一。故選D。

【4】主旨大意題。文章第一段點(diǎn)明研究結(jié)果：每晚睡眠不足6小時(shí)的人在65歲之前死亡的可能性比那些每晚睡足6至8小時(shí)的人高出12%。下文針對(duì)這一研究結(jié)果，分析了導(dǎo)致這種結(jié)果的原因，解決方法等。故第一段是中心段，其余各段都以此為中心展開。故結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A選項(xiàng)“我們應(yīng)該睡多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”符合文意。故選A。

概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段開頭再看全文找主題句，若無明顯主題句，就通過關(guān)鍵詞句來概括(如議論文中尋找表達(dá)作者觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度的詞句，記敘文尋找概括情節(jié)和中心的動(dòng)詞或反映人物特點(diǎn)的形容詞)。文中出現(xiàn)兩種或兩種以上的不同觀點(diǎn)時(shí)，務(wù)必牢記作者的觀點(diǎn)才是體現(xiàn)全文中心的。該文是介紹一個(gè)研究結(jié)果的，該類文章的中心一般就在第一段。因此考生根據(jù)第一段的內(nèi)容直接可以概括出文章的最佳題目。