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【題目】閱讀下面短文, 在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。

There 1(be) a trend recently in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(醫(yī)學界)2 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 3(effect) such as overweight and heart disease — 4 very thing the medical community was trying to fight.

Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 5(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 6(remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As a result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even worse, the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food is full of fat and salt; by eating more fast food people will get more salt and fat 7they need in their diet.

8(have) enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃點心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 9(caution) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 10 is not good for the health.

【答案】

1has been

2as

3effects

4the

5to process

6are removed

7than

8Having

9cautious

10which

【解析】

本文是說明文。本文講述了醫(yī)學界引領了一種低脂少鹽的食品業(yè)潮流,誰知卻帶來了違背初衷的副作用:超重和心臟病。原來是因為脂肪和鹽是人體消化食物所需的成分,沒有了它們,人們就會因此吃更多的東西來彌補,而且會吃更多垃圾食品。因此我們需要適當攝入脂肪和鹽分,但也不要太多,否則也不利于健康。

1考查時態(tài)。由句子中的recently可知,句子應該使用現在完成時。主語是a trend,因此填入has been。故填has been

2考查介詞。句意:這一趨勢最開始被醫(yī)學界作為一種治療心臟病的方法。由句子結構可知,此處需要填入介詞。根據句意可知,這里表達“作為”之意,所以填as。故填as

3考查名詞的數。effect在句子中是可數名詞,由空格前的 some 可知,此處應使用 effect 的復數形式effects。故填 effects。

4考查冠詞!the very+名詞”用于強調,表示“正是……”。the very thing指的是前面的“超重和心臟病”。故填the。

5考查非謂語動詞。固定短語:be required to do sth,意為“被要求做某事”,此處應填to process。故填to process

6考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)。設空處所在部分是由when引導的時間狀語從句,主語是fat and salt(復數),所給詞remove要充當謂語,根據上下文可知句子應該使用一般現在時,而fat and saltremove存在被動關系,應填入are removed。故填are removed

7考查介詞。根據eating more fast foodget more salt and fat可知,句子中使用了比較級,結合語境,此處需要填入than來表示比較。故填than

8考查動名詞。分析句子結構可知,句中缺少主語,應使用動名詞作主語。故填Having。

9考查詞類轉換。此句是一個祈使句,以系動詞be開頭,系動詞后面接形容詞作表語,所以caution轉換成形容詞cautious。故填cautious。

10考查定語從句的引導詞。句意:跟其他食物一樣,吃得太多也是有可能的,但這對健康不利,分析句子結構,空格處引導定語從句,設空處應該指代前面整句話,所以使用which引導非限制性定語從句。故填which。

抓住定語從句“三要素”是學好定語從句的關鍵。構成定語從句的三個要素是先行詞、引導詞及從句其它內容。在具體分析時,有三個步驟:一找先行詞,二判斷先行詞在從句中充當的成分,三確定引導詞。小題10中設空處應該指代前面整句話,所以用which引導非限制性定語從句。

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