Pain in the neck

We all know what it is like to be unable to turn your head because of a cold in the muscles of your neck，or because an unexpected twist has made your neck ache and stiff. Your whole body feels tight. The slightest move makes you jump with pain. Nothing could be worse than a pain in the neck.

That is why we use the phrase to describe some people who give you the same feeling.We have all met such people.

One is the man who always seems to be clapping his hands―often at the wrong time― during a performance in the theater. He keeps you from hearing the actors.

Even worse are those who can never arrive before the curtain goes up and the play begins. They come hurrying down to your row of seats. You are comfortably settled down，with your hat and heavy coat in your lap. You must stand up to let them pass. You are proud of your self-control after they have settled into their seats...Well，what now...Good God，one of them is up again. He forgot to go to the men’s room，and once more you have to stand up，hanging on to your hat and coat to let him pass. Now，that is “a pain in the neck”.

Another，well-known to us all，is the person sitting behind you in the movies. His mouth is full of popcorn；he is chewing loudly，or talking between bites to friends next to him. None of them remain still. Up and down，back and forth，they go-for another bag of popcorn，or something to drink.

Then，there is the man sitting next to you at a lunch counter smoking a smelly cigar. He wants you to enjoy it too，and blows smoke across your food into your mouth.

We must not forget the man who comes into a bus or subway car and sits down next to you，just as close as you will let him. You are reading the newspaper and he leans over and stretches his neck so that he can read the paper with you. He may even turn the paper to the next page before you are ready for it.

We also call such a person a “rubber neck”, always stretching his neck to where it does not belong，like neighbors who watch all your visitors. The enjoy invading your privacy. People have a strong dislike for rubbernecks. They hate being spied upon.

68.Where can you find this passage?

A. Medicine dictionaries.                B. Social science books.

C. Kids’ comic books.                 D. Science text books.

69.How do you feel when late comers walk back and forth in front of you in a cinema?

A. Ignored.            B. Bored.               C. Disturbed.         D. Relaxed.

70.A “rubber neck” often __________.

A. says bad words behind people      B. quarrels face to face with neighbours

C. bargains the price with sales women D. asks about other people’s business

71.Which of the following is a “pain in the neck”?

A. Someone who helps you find your seat in a movie theatre.

B. Someone who smokes in a smoking section on a train.

C. Someone who throws trash（ 垃圾）out of his car window on the highway.

D. Someone who goes to the doctor for his severe pain in the neck.

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A team from Krakow, in Poland, used functional magnetic resonance imaging （機(jī)能性核共振成像）（FMRI）to assess brain activity when 40 volunteers were shown various images．Men showed activity in areas which dealt with what action they should take in order to avoid or face up to danger．But the study found more activity in the emotional centers of women's brains．The researchers, from another university, carried out scans on 21 men and 19 women．Brain activity was monitored while the volunteers were shown images of objects and images from ordinary life designed to remind different emotional states．
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    A team from Krakow, in Poland, used functional magnetic resonance imaging (機(jī)能性核共振成像) (FMRI) to assess brain activity when 40 volunteers were shown various images. Men showed activity in areas which dealt with what action they should take in order to avoid or face up to danger. But the study found more activity in the emotional centers of women's brains. The researchers, from another university, carried out scans on 21 men and 19 women. Brain activity was monitored while the volunteers were shown images of objects and images from ordinary life designed to remind different emotional states.

The images were displayed in two runs. For the first run, only negative pictures were shown. For the second run, only positive pictures were shown.

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         A．different images                  B．ordinary life

         C．different activities              D．medical scan

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         A．women react more slowly than men         B．women usually try to avoid it   

         C．men usually have no reaction   D．men react to it more directly

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         A．Men and women’s different memories

         B．The different responses to the children

         C．Different reactions to positive stimuli

         D．Negative results of the visual processing

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         A．by inferring                  B．by comparing

         C．by listing examples    D．by giving explanations

 

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The images were displayed in two runs. For the first run, only negative pictures were shown. For the second run, only positive pictures were shown.

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       A．women react more slowly than men       B．women usually try to avoid it 

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       A．Men and women’s different memories

       B．The different responses to the children

       C．Different reactions to positive stimuli

       D．Negative results of the visual processing

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       A．by inferring            B．by comparing

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A team from Krakow, in Poland, used functional magnetic resonance imaging （機(jī)能性核共振成像）（FMRI）to assess brain activity when 40 volunteers were shown various images．Men showed activity in areas which dealt with what action they should take in order to avoid or face up to danger．But the study found more activity in the emotional centers of women's brains．The researchers, from another university, carried out scans on 21 men and 19 women．Brain activity was monitored while the volunteers were shown images of objects and images from ordinary life designed to remind different emotional states．

The images were displayed in two runs．For the first run, only negative pictures were shown．For the second run, only positive pictures were shown．

While viewing the negative images, women showed stronger and broader activity in the left thalamus（神經(jīng)床）．This is an area which passes sense information to the pain and pleasure centres of the brain．Men showed more activity in an area of the brain called the left insula（腦島）, which plays a key role in controlling natural functions, including breath, heart rate and digestion．Generally, activity in this area tells the body to either run away from danger, or meet it head on - the so-called "fight or flight response"．

While viewing positive images, women showed stronger activity in an area of the brain associated with memory．With men, the stronger activity was recorded in an area associated with visual processing．Dr Urbanik believes these differences suggest women may analyze positive stimuli（刺激）in a broader social context and associate positive images with a particular memory．

For instance, viewing a picture of a smiling child might remind memories of a woman's own child at this age．On the contrary, male responses tend to be less emotional．

1．The research shows that men response differently to__________compared with women．

       A．different images     B．ordinary life 

       C．different activities         D．medical scan

2．According to the passage, when faced with danger, ____________．

       A．women react more slowly than men       B．women usually try to avoid it 

       C．men usually have no reaction          D．men react to it more directly

3．What is discussed in the 4 th paragraph?          ．

       A．Men and women’s different memories   B．The different responses to the children

       C．Different reactions to positive stimuli    D．Negative results of the visual processing

3．The passage mainly develops______．

       A．by inferring                   B．by comparing  

       C．by listing examples        D．by giving explanations

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