【題目】 Wood has many great characteristics that make it the perfect building material. It is cheap, durable(耐用的), easily available, and most importantly, environmentally sustainable. The one thing it is not, is transparent(透明的).Now thanks to a team of scientists at Stockholm’s KTH Royal Institute of Technology, the material may even be able to add that feature to its already impressive list.
Lead researcher Dr. Lars Berglund said he was inspired to create the transparent wood after learning how Japanese researchers had developed a see-through paper for use in flexible display screens for electronic devices.
The team began by pulling out the wood’s lignin (木質素). The lignin-free wood was then dipped into a polymer (聚合物) and baked at a temperature of 158F for four hours. The result was a hybrid product that was not only stronger and lighter than the original wood but also, almost transparent. The researchers were able to adjust the level of transparency by varying the amount of the polymer injected and also by changing the thickness of the wood.
While scientists have previously created a see-through wood for small-scale applications like computer chips, the transparent wood is the first one being considered for large scale applications. The researchers, who revealed their findings in Biomacromolecules on April 11, picture using the transparent wood in buildings to allow for more natural light, or to create windows that let in the desired amount of light without sacrificing privacy.
Wood that allows light to pass through could lead to a brighter future for homes and buildings. Berglund also thinks the wood could play a significant role in the design of solar panels. The semi-transparent material would be able to keep light longer and give it more time to interact with the conductor, thus resulting in better solar efficiency.
Additionally, substituting the currently used glass with this new product would help solar energy manufacturers improve their carbon footprint and lower the cost. They are now experimenting with ways to scale up the manufacturing process so that the transparent material is cost-effective to make and easy to use.
【1】What does the underlined part "that feature" in Paragraph 1 refer to?
A.Cheapness.B.Durability.
C.Sustainability.D.Transparency.
【2】Which of the following is not the process in which the transparent wood is made?
A.Dip the wood into a polymer.B.Reduce the amount of the polymer.
C.Make the wood lignin-free.D.Bake the wood for some time.
【3】What’s the purpose of using the transparent wood in buildings?
A.To protect privacy.B.To scale out applications.
C.To get more natural light.D.To observe more clearly.
【4】What is the last paragraph mainly about?
A.The bright future of the transparent wood.
B.The wood’s role in the design of solar panels.
C.The disadvantages of the currently used glass.
D.Solar energy manufacturers’ carbon footprint.
【答案】
【1】D
【2】B
【3】C
【4】A
【解析】
本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹瑞典科學家研究了一種新型的木質材料，透明的木質材料，該材料有著廣闊的前景，但是成本仍需降低。
【1】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文Wood has many great characteristics that make it the perfect building material. It is cheap, durable(耐用的), easily available, and most importantly, environmentally sustainable.可知木頭有很多優(yōu)點，再結合The one thing it is not, is transparent! 木材不透明是其一個特征，而現(xiàn)在有研究人員將這一特性加入，顯然這一特性指的是透明性，故選D項。
【2】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的The team began by pulling out the wood's lignin(木質素). The lignin-free wood was then dipped into a polymer（聚合物）and baked at a temperature of 158°F for four hours.可知首先抽出木材的木質素。 然后將無木質素的木材浸入聚合物中，然后在高溫下烘烤4小時。 再根據(jù) The researchers were able to adjust the level of transparency by varying the amount of the polymer injected and also by changing the thickness of the wood.可知，研究人員能夠通過改變注入的聚合物的數(shù)量和改變木材的厚度來調整透明度水平。因此可知 不包含B項“減少聚合物的數(shù)量。”。故選B項。
【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的The researchers, who revealed their findings in Biomacromolecules on April 11, picture using the transparent wood in buildings to allow for more natural light, or to create windows that let in the desired amount of light without sacrificing privacy.(研究人員于4月11日公布了他們在生物大分子中的發(fā)現(xiàn)，他們利用建筑物中的透明木材來創(chuàng)造更多的自然光，或者在不犧牲隱私的情況下創(chuàng)造出所需光線的窗戶)可推斷，建筑物使用透明木材的目的是得到更多的自然光。故選C。
【4】主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段第一句Wood that allows light to pass through could lead to a brighter future for homes and buildings.可知，本段主要講述新的透明木質材料有著很好的前途，主要體現(xiàn)在增加太陽能能源版的使用壽命，降低傳統(tǒng)企業(yè)的碳足跡，故選A項。
詞義猜測題是閱讀題中常見的出題形式。做這類題時，要根據(jù)詞、詞組或句子所在的語境，即上下文來判斷其意義。因此熟練掌握一些猜詞技巧是做好這類題的關鍵。比如：根據(jù)語境，根據(jù)同義關系，對比關系，因果關系等，尤其需注意熟詞生義。例如本題第1小題，可以通過語境來猜測。根據(jù)上文Wood has many great characteristics that make it the perfect building material. It is cheap, durable(耐用的), easily available, and most importantly, environmentally sustainable.可知木頭有很多優(yōu)點，再結合The one thing it is not, is transparent! 木材不透明是其一個特征，而現(xiàn)在有研究人員將這一特性加入，顯然這一特性指的是透明性，故選D項。
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