Question

【題目】 Dyslexia is a problem that interferes (干擾) with the ability to recognize words and connect sounds with letters when people read. People with this learning disorder may also have problems when they write. Dyslexia is not related to eyesight or intelligence. The problem involves (涉及)areas of the brain that process language.

Brain scientists are studying whether they can predict which young children may struggle with reading, in order to provide early help. John Gabrieli is leading a study of five-year-olds in about twenty schools. He says, “We partner with schools that have kindergartens. What we do is, for all the children whose parents permit them to participate, we give them a brief set of paper-and-pencil tests to look at which children appear to be at some risk for struggling to read.

So far, fifty of the kindergartners have been examined in a machine that shows brain activity. The scanner uses a high-energy magnetic (有磁性的) field and radio waves to “l(fā)ook” inside the body. Written tests which are often used in previous studies are not always able to identify dyslexia or other problems. Professor Gabrieli says, “Brain scans may offer a more scientific way to identify problems.

And with reading problems, early identification is important. Reading problems are not usually identified until a child is in the third or fourth grade. The later children are recognized as poor readers, the less these interventions can help. And, as Professor Gabrieli points out, poor reading can make education a struggle. Reading is everything. Even math and science require one to read textbooks.

【1】What do we know about Dyslexia?

A.It results in poor eyesight.

B.It is related to brain activity.

C.It only causes reading difficulty.

D.It has an influence on intelligence.

【2】What does the underlined word “interventions” in the last paragraph probably mean?

A.Approaches.B.Researches.

C.Instructions.D.Treatments.

【3】How is Professor Gabrieli’s study different from early ones?

A.It is scientifically based.

B.It focuses on written tests.

C.It examines children’s brains.

D.It needs parents’ participation.

【4】What can be a suitable title for the text?

A.Dyslexia – a Learning Disorder Involving Intelligence

B.Dyslexia – a Problem Relating to Kindergartners

C.A Way Identifying Dyslexia at an Early Stage

D.A Machine Showing Brain Development

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】B

【2】D

【3】C

【4】C

【解析】

本文為說明文。講述了孩子閱讀困難癥的癥狀、研究及治療的時期和必要性等內(nèi)容。并指出如果問題能被盡早發(fā)現(xiàn)，治療起來會有更好的效果。

【1】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Dyslexia is not related to eyesight or intelligence. The problem involves (涉及)areas of the brain that process language.” 閱讀障礙與視力或智力無關。這個問題涉及到(涉及)過程語言的大腦區(qū)域。由此可知，閱讀障礙與大腦活動有關，故選B。

【2】猜測詞義題。根據(jù)前面的“And with reading problems, early identification is important. Reading problems are not usually identified until a child is in the third or fourth grade” 對于閱讀問題，早期識別是很重要的。閱讀問題通常在孩子三、四年級時才會被發(fā)現(xiàn)。以及“The later children are recognized as poor readers, the less these interventions can help.”兒童越晚被認為是閱讀能力差，這些“interventions”的幫助就越小。即被診斷越晚，治療措施對他們的幫助就越小，可推斷出interventions意為“治療”，故選D。

【3】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Written tests which are often used in previous studies are not always able to identify dyslexia or other problems. Professor Gabrieli says, “Brain scans may offer a more scientific way to identify problems.” 以前的研究中經(jīng)常使用的書面測試并不總是能夠識別閱讀障礙或其他問題。加布里埃里教授說:“腦部掃描可能提供了一種更科學的方法來識別問題�！保�由此可推斷出加布里埃里教授的研究與早期的不同點在于它研究兒童的大腦。故選C。

【4】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文敘述了幼兒閱讀障礙的癥狀及影響，早期識別進行治療很重要，因為閱讀障礙越早發(fā)現(xiàn)，治療起來效果越好的。于是科學家們發(fā)明了一種新的識別早期閱讀障礙的方法�？芍�，本文前面部分敘述了閱讀障礙的癥狀及影響，是為了下文發(fā)明早期識別閱讀障礙的方法做鋪墊的。因此 “一種早期識別閱讀障礙的方法”作為題目最為恰當，故選C。

在閱讀中我們經(jīng)常會考查猜測詞義題。事實上，閱讀材料中的每個詞與它前后的詞語或句子甚至段落都有聯(lián)系。運用邏輯推理猜測詞義是使用最廣考查最多也最易失分的猜詞方式，這要求考生具備整合分散、復雜信息的能力，充分利用上下文（各種已知信息）并結合具體的語境推測、判斷某些詞或短語的詞義。例如第2小題詞意猜測題。根據(jù)前面的“And with reading problems, early identification is important. Reading problems are not usually identified until a child is in the third or fourth grade” 對于閱讀問題，早期識別是很重要的。閱讀問題通常在孩子三、四年級時才會被發(fā)現(xiàn)。以及“The later children are recognized as poor readers, the less these interventions can help.”兒童越晚被認為是閱讀能力差，這些“interventions”的幫助就越小。即被診斷越晚，治療措施對他們的幫助就越小，可推斷出interventions意為“治療”，故選D。