Last night’s meteor(流星) shower left many people in the community dissatisfied and demanding answers. According to Gabe Rothsclild, Emerald Valley’s mayor, people gathered in the suburbs of the city, carrying heavy telescopes, expecting to watch the brightly burning meteors passing through the sky. What they found instead was a sky so brightened by the city’s lights that it darkened the light of the meteors passing overhead.
“My family was so frustrated,” admitted town resident Duane Cosby, “We wanted to make this an unforgettable family outing, but it turned out to be a huge disappointment. ”
Astronomers—scientists who study stars and planets—-have been complaining about this problem for decades. They say that light pollution prevents them from seeing objects in the sky that they could see quite easily in the past. They call on people and the government to take measures to fight against it.
There is yet a population besides professional and amateur star observers that suffers even more from light pollution. This population consists of birds, bats frogs, snakes, etc. For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating(遷徙的)birds. According to the International Dark-Sky Association. “100 million birds a year throughout North America die in crashes with lighted buildings and towers. ”
Countless more animals casualties(傷亡）result from the use of artificial lighting. Clearly, people enjoy the benefits of lighting their evenings, but some scientists think it can be harmful for humans, too. They worry that exposure to light while sleeping can increase person’s chances of getting cancer.
Emerald Valley is only one community that is becoming aware of the negative effects of light pollution. For years, Flagstaff,Arizona,has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory. Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night.
小題1: What is the author concerned about according to Paragraph 4?
A．Birds may take other migration paths
B．Animals’ living habits may change suddenly
C．Varieties of animals will become sharply reduced
D．Animals’ survival is threatened by outdoor lighting
小題2:Lighting regulations in Flagstaff, Arizona are put into effect to
A．Lessen the chance of getting cancer
B．create an ideal observation condition
C．ensure citizens a good sleep at night
D．enable all creatures to live in harmony
小題3: What message does the author most want to give us?
A．Saving wildlife is saving ourselves
B．Great efforts should be made to save energy
C．Human activities should be environmentally friendly
D．New equipment should be introduced for space study

小題1:D
小題2:B
小題3:C

試題分析：本文敘述了戶外照明的危害。戶外照明不僅影響天文學(xué)家的觀測(cè)，還影響了動(dòng)物的遷徙，對(duì)動(dòng)物的生活是一種威脅�？茖W(xué)家還說(shuō)照明對(duì)人體有害，易導(dǎo)致癌癥。因此人們開(kāi)始采取措施，實(shí)施一些光照條例，能過(guò)讓人與動(dòng)物共同享受夜晚。
小題1:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段的This population consists of birds, bats frogs, snakes, etc. For example, outdoor lighting severely affects migrating(遷徙的)birds.可知戶外照明已經(jīng)影響了動(dòng)物的遷徙，對(duì)動(dòng)物的生活是一種威脅。故選D。
小題2:推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的For years, Flagstaff,Arizona,has enforced lighting regulations in its city in order to assist astronomers at the Lowell Observatory.可知美國(guó)亞利桑那州的弗拉格斯塔夫市為了幫助天文學(xué)家在洛厄爾天文臺(tái)的觀測(cè)，執(zhí)行了照明條例。從中看沖這樣是為了創(chuàng)造一個(gè)好的觀測(cè)的環(huán)境。故選B。
小題3:推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段的Countless more animals casualties(傷亡）result from the use of artificial lighting.可知戶外照明對(duì)動(dòng)物有危害。根據(jù)最后一段的Similar efforts have been made worldwide, and a movement is underway to remind us to turn off lights when we are not using them, so that other creatures can share the night. 可知人們已經(jīng)意識(shí)到照明的危害，開(kāi)始采取措施。因此可概括為本文是想告訴我們?nèi)祟惖幕顒?dòng)要環(huán)保。故選C。
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Passage 1
The information Highway is the road that links computer users to a large number of on-line services; the Web, e-mail, and software, to mention just a few. Not long ago, the information Highway was a new road, with not many users. Now, everyone seems to want to take a drive, with over 30 million families connected worldwide. Not surprisingly, this well-traveled highway is starting to look like a well-traveled highway. Traffic jams can cause many serious problems, forcing the system to close down for repair. Naturally, accidents will happen on such a crowed road, and usually victims are some files, gone forever. Then, of course, there’s Mr. Cool, with his new broad-band connection, who speeds down the highway faster than most of us can go. But don’t trick yourself; he pays for that speeding.
Passage 2
Want to know more about global warming and how you can help prevent it? Doctor Herman Friedman, who is considered a leading expert on the subject, will speak at Grayson Hall next Friday. Friedman studied environmental science at three well-known universities around the world before becoming a professor in the subject. He has also traveled around the world observing environmental concerns. The gradual bleaching (變白) of the Grate Barrier Reef, which came into the public eye in 2002, in his latest interest. Signed copies of his colorful book, which was published just last month, will be on sale after his talk.
小題1:The Information Highway________.   
A．a(chǎn)ppeals to a large number of users
B．is crowded with car drivers
C．offers just a few on-line services]
D．is free from traffic accidents
小題2:How does MR .Cool manage to travel the Information Highway so fast?
A．By storing fewer files.
B．By repair the system.
C．By using a broad-band connection.
D．By buying a better computer.
小題3:What can be learned from Passage 2?
A．There will be a book show at Grayson Hall
B．Friedman is now studying the Great Barrier Reef.
C．Friedman is a leading expert on computer science.
D．There will be a talk on global warming this week.
小題4:Passage 2 is most probably       
A．An ad for a new book.
B．A poster about a lecture.
C．A note to a doctor in a university.
D．An introduction to a professor.
小題5:According to the passage, which of the following statement is not true?
A．Doctor Herman Friedman is a famous expert on environmental science.
B．A new book has been published recently by Doctor Herman Friedman.
C．The colorful new book, signed by him, will be sold before the talk.
D．Doctor Herman Friedman has studied the changes of the Grate Barrier Reef.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Pollutants coming from automobile operation have begun to cause many environmental problems. It has been calculated, for example, that 70% of the carbon monoxide(一氧化碳), 45% of the nitrogen oxides(氮氧化合物), and 34% of the hydrocarbon (碳?xì)浠衔? pollution in the United States can be traced directly to automobile exhausts (廢氣). In addition, rubber, motor oil and other materials accumulate on roadways and are washed into streams, with effects nearly as serious as those of untreated waste water.
In an effort to improve the situation, the U.S. government has made regulations on the use of the constituents (成分) of automobile exhaust gas that are known to cause air pollution. These constituents fall roughly into three types: hydrocarbons that pass through the engine unburned; carbon monoxide, also a product of incomplete burning; and nitrogen oxides which are formed when nitrogen and oxygen are in contact at high temperatures. Besides their own poisonous character, hydrocarbons and nitrogen oxides react in the presence of sunlight to form harmful smog. Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons are rather easily controlled by the use of higher burning temperatures in engines. Unfortunately, the conditions that produce minimum emission of hydrocarbons tend to raise emission of nitrogen oxides. In a way this difficulty is solved by adding recycled exhaust gas to the fuel mixture, thus avoiding the oversupply of oxygen that favors formation of nitrogen oxides.
California, which has the most strict air-pollution laws in the United States, requires further special compounding of gas to control emissions, and several states have ordered that alcohol be mixed with gas, as this will reduce emissions of the carbon monoxide by 35 per cent and the hydrocarbons by 15 per cent.
小題1:The author uses figures in Paragraph 1 ________.
A．to reflect the rapid growth of automobile use
B．to highlight the importance of environment protection
C．to show the consequence of automobile exhausts
D．to criticize the low quality of cars
小題2:How are nitrogen oxides formed according to the text?
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B．Carbon monoxide and oxygen are mixed together.
C．Hydrocarbons pass through the engine.
D．Nitrogen is burned incompletely.
小題3:Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?
A．Carbon monoxide can be controlled in the engine.
B．Smog will form when hydrocarbons meet nitrogen oxides in the sunlight.
C．Hydrocarbons have no poisonous character themselves.
D．The conditions that decease emission of hydrocarbons will increase emission of nitrogen oxides.
小題4:According to the text, alcohol is added to gas in order to ______.
A．increase awareness of environment protection
B．control air pollution
C．increase the fuel efficiency
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Shopping green can make an important contribution to protecting the planet and conserving its resources.
Today’s consumer faces a wider range of choices than ever before, Add to that the steady stream of sales campaigns, and shopping smart only gets harder. To buy economically and reduce waste, safeguard health and protect the environment, you’ll need to follow some basic principles and have a clear idea of what you want.
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3. Skip the Disposable Option
Buy reusable products like washable cloth towels, handkerchiefs, serviettes（餐巾）and cleaning cloths rather than paper, single-use varieties. Avoid other disposable supplies like cups, glasses, and chopsticks, too.
4. Take the Local Route
Buy local products that are in season. It’s usually cheaper and fresher and has less harm to the environment. Markets and roadside stands are good sources. Some supermarkets also buy from local producers. Support it if you have one.
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Better not buy products that have too much packaging. It’s estimated that approximately 10 percent of every shopping bill is actually paying for packaging—which you normally just throw away! Moreover, significant amounts of energy are used in the production of packaging. Purchasing refillable and renewable containers can also help cut this kind of waste.
小題1:What could be the best title for this passage?
A．Protection of the Planet
B．Green Shopping Principles
C．Environmentally Friendly Products
D．Resource Conservation
小題2:The underlined phrase “sleep on it” has the similar meaning with      .
A．think it overB．forget about it
C．set it asideD．put it into action
小題3:Why does the author advise us to buy lasting products?
A．Because they are less expensive to buy.
B．Because they save money in the long run.
C．Because they will never break.
D．Because they are local products.
小題4:Which of the following can be considered green shopping?
A．Following the stream of sales campaigns.
B．Buying disposable chopsticks.
C．Focusing on packaging.
D．Purchasing from local markets.

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Beautiful cars surrounded by even more beautiful models--it’s no secret why the 2012Beijing Auto Show was popular.
The exhibition was held between April 23 and May 2. Although renowned companies showed off their top models, it wasn’t just their expensive sports cars that grabbed people’s attention.
Concept cars are a way for designers to test out their ideas on the public with complete freedom. They can try out cars with special features that could not be massively(批量) produced easily.
Designers don’t have to follow industry rules；they don’t even need to worry about whether their cars would be fllowed on the roads．
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The vehicle is powered by electricity and is capable of driving itself．But the magic doesn’t end there．
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The car sounds like a great idea．Further research will be needed to turn this concept  car into something for the market，but concepts like Chery’s  show how carmakers are  working for cleaner and greener vehicles．It’s like what the@Ant motto says，“Exploring future human beings’lifestyles”．
小題1:The concept car is getting popular because         .
A．it looks like an ant
B．it is beautifully designed
C．it is exhibited as a top model
D．it conveys a new idea for the future
小題2:How can the@Ants help save energy while travelling according to the passage?
A．By connecting each other and running together．
B．By driving themselves without man’s control．
C．By comparing their destination information．
D．By reducing traffic jams on the roads．
小題3:What the designers of the concept car need to do at the Auto Show is         .
A．to test the safety of the concept car
B．to follow the rules in the car industry
C．to show their unique idea of complete freedom
D．to see if concept cars can be massively produced
小題4:The best title of the passage is         .
A．Concept Cars Are Driving to the Future
B．The@Ant Draws a Lot of Attention
C．The@Ant Is a Top Model of Concept Cars
D．Concept Cars Are Cleaner and Greener

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

The ozone layer(臭氧層) is a thin layer of gas around the earth. It forms a special “blanket” around the planet. This “blanket” protects the earth from dangerous rays produced by the sun. Without the ozone layer, the earth’s climate could warm to dangerous levels. This increase in temperature would threaten our survival. Scientists recently have discovered a hole in the ozone layer above the Antarctica. Now there is great concern that this warning has started, endangering all life on the earth.
What has destroyed part of the ozone layer? Scientists do not know for sure. They suspect that our popular spray cans (噴漆罐) have played a part in the damage. Many spray cans contain dangerous gases. These gases might have destroyed the ozone layer fifteen miles above the earth’s surface, The chemicals used in refrigerators (冰箱) and air conditioners may contribute to the problem, too.
Many scientists believe that the destruction of the ozone layer is a serious problem for people everywhere. Global warming could change weather patterns around the world. Farmers and ranchers(牧場(chǎng)主) could find it more and more difficult to produce enough food for the earth’s people. If more of the sun’s dangerous rays reached the earth, there also could be an increase in skin cancers. Some skin cancers might cause people to die. Although some scientists do not believe there is a serious danger, obviously no one wants to take any chance on such a possibility.
Can scientists repair the hole in the ozone layer? They really don’t know the answer to that question. Can people do anything to save the ozone layer that the earth still has? Scientists stress the need to limit the use of spray cans and other items that contain the dangerous gases. This will not be an easy task. People all over the world use these items. Solving the problem certainly will require commitment and cooperation from everyone.
小題1:The ozone layer exists to _____.
A．warm the earth to a proper level for life
B．protect the earth from dangerous sun rays
C．make all life on the earth in a dangerous situation
D．prevent human beings from being harmed from the earth
小題2:Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Scientists aren’t sure what has destroyed part of the ozone layer.
B．Scientists recently have discovered a hole in the Antarctica.
C．Scientists prove that spray cans have destroyed part of the ozone layer.
D．Global warming doesn’t affect weather patterns around the world.
小題3: The following may do harm to the ozone layer EXCEPT ______.
A．spray cansB．refrigeratorsC．ranchersD．a(chǎn)ir conditioners
小題4: Saving the ozone layer needs everyone’s effort because _____.
A．scientists are badly in need of others’ help
B．items containing dangerous gases should be forbidden
C．scientists can’t afford so much money to take measures
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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Many people look fondly at their school days.    a lot of these memories are often attached to events that have little to do      learning, many people are surprised by how much they miss being in the      and actually learning something new.
Although most people feel that their lives would be      by going back to school for further study, some people find that their busy schedules would make this     . However, with the rise of technology like the    , it is now easier than ever to continue feeding your mind without    obligations like family and work. This is due to the rise of online education options.
Online education is a subset of what is known as electronic learning or e-learning. All that you need to successfully use online education is      to a computer that has an internet     . There are so many online education options,      it is quite common for colleges to    online education courses to assist people who are      in distance education.
The main      of online education is that it allows you to     at your own pace and on your own time. Depending on the nature of the courses, online education will provide you with a certain time      for you to compete it .
One of the biggest    of online education is that it does not provide you with the face-to-face interaction with a teacher. But you can      with other students through the use of discussion boards, messaging programs,     and web-conferencing programs.
As people become busier, online education has      in popularity. It has greatly improved the number of services it provides and is considered a great education option. So if you are busy but your mind is still     more of a challenge, you may find that online education is the perfect food for your mind!
小題1:
A．WhenB．While C．AsD．Since
小題2:
A．inB．byC．withD．for
小題3:
A．classroomB．officeC．dormitoryD．workshop
小題4:
A．controlledB．a(chǎn)djustedC．damagedD．enriched
小題5:
A．out of questionB．out of the questionC．likelyD．easy
小題6:
A．walkmanB．radioC．TVD．Internet
小題7:
A．sacrificingB．satisfyingC．possessingD．sticking
小題8:
A．a(chǎn)pproachB．a(chǎn)dministrationC．a(chǎn)ccessD．permission
小題9:
A．systemB．connectionC．programD．instrument
小題10:
A．howeverB．butC．a(chǎn)ndD．yet
小題11:
A．offerB．sellC．chooseD．decide
小題12:
A．failingB．lackingC．a(chǎn)voidingD．participating
小題13:
A．benefitB．functionC．disadvantageD．shortcoming
小題14:
A．workB．learnC．readD．chat
小題15:
A．spanB．facilityC．limitD．lag
小題16:
A．pointsB．viewsC．ideasD．criticisms
小題17:
A．chatB．communicateC．cooperateD．concentrate
小題18:
A．e-mailsB．lettersC．messagesD．speeches
小題19:
A．evolvedB．improvedC．boomedD．a(chǎn)bandoned
小題20:
A．hunting forB．searching forC．calling forD．longing for

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Teaching a child to read at a young age gives him a valuable start in life. Reading is the basic part of education and a child’s reading ability will influence his school success greatly. Learning difficulties, many of which begin from poor reading skills, can damage a school child’s confidence and affect his future achievement. Young children are programmed to learn and they can learn better with encouragement. Ten to twenty minutes of reading a day still leaves plenty of time for play.
Many parents are concerned that learning to read is too challenging a task for a pre-school child, but they should also remember that most children learn to speak by the time they are 3. Learning a language is probably the single most challenging task any individual can undertake, yet children do it without formal instruction, achieving the fluency much better than adult language students.
There is a window of opportunity in terms of IQ development, which is most open during a child’s early years. A scientific study, carried out by Dr. Peter Huttenlocher at the University of Chicago, showed that the number of connectors, called synapses（神經(jīng)元突觸）, between the nerve endings in a newborn baby’s brain is similar to the number in the average adult brain. These synapses increase rapidly during early childhood. By 12-24 months a child’s brain has about 50% more synapses than the average adult brain. After that the synapses which are not in use begin to atrophy（衰退）. For most people, from age 16, the number remains steady. It begins to drop again as we move into our golden years. Doing intellectual activities at a young age, such as learning to read, can stimulate（刺激）and preserve these connectors in the brain resulting in a long-term beneficial（有益的）effect on IQ development.
Another notable study is probably the Milwaukee project. This study took a group of babies, all of whose mothers had low IQs, and gave them special training for seven hours a day, five days a week, until they started first grade. By the age of 6 these children had an average IQ 30 points higher than their contemporaries. The overwhelming conclusion is that the early intellectual stimulation can have a positive, long-term effect on a child’s brain development.
From birth you should talk to and explain things to your baby. Reading to him can be a wonderful way of spending quality time with your child. The enjoyment of books and being familiar with the idea of print will pave the way for（為……鋪平道路）learning to read later.
If your child is a fast learner you can help him realize his potential by introducing him to the joy of the printed word at an early age. This will lay the foundations（基礎(chǔ)）for both a high achieving school career and a lifelong love of reading. If your child shows early signs of reading difficulties, your efforts may help him get rid of such problems before he goes to school.
It can be difficult to teach your own child because emotional（引起情緒激動(dòng)的）issues arise easily. Online programs for learning to read English are excellent options. They allow children to repeat new materials as many times as they need to, without wearing out the parents’ patience.
小題1:What does the passage mainly discuss?
A．Children should be taught to read at an early age.
B．Children can read better than most adult students.
C．Children have more synapses than most adults.
D．Children are supposed to learn to read on the Internet.
小題2:Why does the author mention the study by Dr. Peter Hutten locher?
A．To remove parents’ worry.
B．To explain IQ development.
C．To explain how a baby’s brain works.
D．To show the parents’ wrong ideas.
小題3:How can children benefit from learning to read at a young age?
A．It can build up great confidence in their mind.
B．It can help preserve the connectors in their brains.
C．It can help produce more connectors in their brains.
D．It can help them find both their weaknesses and strengths.
小題4:At the end of this passage the author advises _______.
A．parents not to get angry too often
B．children to enjoy reading as early as possible
C．children not to wear out their parents’ patience
D．parents to get their children to take an online program

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Lettuce (萵苣)has been eaten for over 4,500 years, and was known to the Egyptians, Greeks and Romans. Now, people in some countries start the meal with lettuce as part of a salad. There are hundreds of kinds of lettuce. The main ones include head lettuce, such as iceberg, leaf lettuce ,Boston, bibb and romaine.
Experts say lettuce is one of the easiest crops to grow in your garden. The best time to plant the seeds is during cool weather. The University of Illinois Extension advises that the best planting temperature is 15 0C.
Lettuce seeds are small, so do not place them too deep in the ground. If you plant some seeds every week or two, you will have crops ready to eat one after another.
To start the seeds inside, you can use a seed tray in your home or other shelter. This container should be deep enough to hold at least three centimeters of soil or more. There should be about one centimeter of space between the soil and the top of the container. The container should have holes in the bottom so the extra water can flow out. Drop the seeds over the surface and cover them lightly with soil. If the soil is not already a little wet, give it some water. But do not drown the seeds.
Next, cover the seed tray with paper. When the seedlings have come up far enough to touch the paper, take it off. You can transplant the seedlings into the garden when they are about two to three centimeters tall. Do this when the weather is not too hot and not too cold. Take out as much soil as you can with the seedlings, Then dig a hole in the ground bigger thanthe lettuce roots. Water the plants but not too heavily.
Harvest leaf lettuces when the leaves are big enough to eat. Pull the leaves from the outside of the planting so the inside leaves will keep growing. Or, you can cut off the whole plant. Leave about two or three centimeters above the ground so the plant will re-grow. Cut off head lettuces at ground level.
Lettuce is best when served fresh, so make a salad and enjoy. Experts say lettuce is one of the easiest crops to grow in your garden.
小題1:Which of the following shows the right order of planting lettuces?
a.Dig a hole in the ground bigger than the lettuce roots.
b.Drop the seeds over the surface.
c.Water the plants.
d.Cover the seed with soil.
e.Take off the paper.
f.Transplant the seedlings into the garden.
A．b, d, e ，f, a, cB．a(chǎn), b ，c, d ，e, f
C．d, e，f, b，a，cD．b，c, d，e，f，a
小題2:The underlined word “seedlings” in paragraph 5 means______.
A．containersB．seedsC．young plantsD．layers
小題3:When eating Iettuce5 you’d better ______ so that it tastes best.
A．store it in plastic bagsB．eat the inside leaves
C．wrap it in paperD．eat while it is fresh
小題4:What can we infer from the passage?
A．Lettuce is the easiest crop to grow in your garden.
B．The lettuce is not hard to plant and store.
C．We can plant lettuce in a two-centimeter-high tray.
D．We should water lettuce at least twice a day.

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