Question

There are some things humans can go without. We can lose a kidney (腎)or a lung, an arm or two and still live perfectly well. But some fish put us to shame. They can get by without stomachs.

One such fish is the stout longtom（尖嘴魚 ）. The group it belongs to carries a more appropriate name: the needlefish. All needlefish lack stomachs. Their ancestors had them, but later they were lost.

The stout longtom can reach 1.3 meters in length, and lives near the sea surface. Like all needlefish, it can jump out of the water to escape its enemies. Tropical(熱帶) fishermen are sometimes injured by needlefish. In 1977, a 10-year-old Hawaiian boy was killed when a needlefish jumped through his brain. The longtom eats smaller fish. Its teeth are not good at cutting fish into pieces, so it swallows fish whole.

Ryan Day from Australia and his colleagues wanted to know how the longtom digests its meaty meals without a stomach, so they ran some chemical tests about the fish.

Day’s results show that the longtom can consume food without the help of a stomach. It uses a special material called trypsin（胰島素） that can break down proteins without acid — although the approach is less efficient than using a stomach.

Because it’s a meat-eating animal, the longtom gets a lot of protein in its food, so it can afford this slightly less efficient system for absorbing it. Two plant-eating fish that Day studies actually had higher levels of trypsin in their body, as their food was low in protein.

Day thinks that the longtom and its stomachless relatives might actually have arrived at an energy-saving solution. He says that although the stomach is critical to many kinds of animal, the organ is “a fairly expensive organ to run”. This perhaps explains why some animals have got rid of theirs.

1.What does the underlined phrase “get by” mean?

A. Live.B. Fight.C. Hunt.D. Recover.

2.Ryan Day ran the chemical tests in order to find out how the longtom ______.

A. catches smaller fish in the water

B. can jump so high to escape its enemies

C. digests the smaller fish in its body

D. uses acid to break down the protein

3.What plays a key role in the longtom’s digestion process?

A. AcidB. Trypsin.C. The stomach.D. Protein in its body.

4.Ryan Day’s results show that ______.

A. the longtom often waste energy

B. the longtom can make acid easily

C. the longtom’s high-protein food helps its unique way of consuming food.

D. meat-eating fish have higher levels of trypsin in their bodies than plant-eating fish

 

Answer 1

1.A

2.C

3.B

4.B

【解析】

試題分析：文章大意：文章介紹了一種奇怪的魚，竟然沒有胃，并詳細(xì)分析了原因。

1.詞義題。根據(jù)第一段We can lose a kidney (腎)or a lung, an arm or two and still live perfectly well可知。

2.細(xì)節(jié)題。由第四段的wanted to know how the longtom digests its meaty meals without a stomach可知

3.第五段第二行that can break down proteins without acid — although the approach is less efficient than using a stomach可知。

4.推理題。由文章第六段Because it’s a meat-eating animal, the longtom gets a lot of protein in its food, so it can afford this slightly less efficient system for absorbing it. Two plant-eating fish that Day studies actually had higher levels of trypsin in their body, as their food was low in protein.可知。

考點(diǎn)：考查科普類短文閱讀