A noted American psychologist once remarked that childhood is a magical period in one’s life. Indeed it is, for during one undergoes a step-by-step transformation not only in capacity, but also in physical and verbal skills. Each step an increase in the difficulty of a child’s conceptual and learning abilities. During the early stages of childhood, from infancy to about five, the child learns simple skills including using the toilet, bathing and dressing himself . At this stage, he also learns to be very observant, curious, and creative. His ability to remember things also at this stage. He remembers details that an adult may have difficulty in remembering. , he learns elementary skills in problem-solving. At school, particular in classes, the child is especially creative. Given a piece of paper and some colored pencils, he draws a variety of from his surroundings as well as from his circle. It is not surprising to see a child draw a monster to represent an abusive father, and an _____ to represent a loving and caring mother.

As he graduates to the later stages of childhood bordering on the years, the child learns the complexity of human relations and socialization by with his peers—his friends and schoolmates. He also learns to with new life situations, including dates and part-time work. Given a tight schedule of schoolwork, the child learns to prepare his own schedules of work and play; the more practical and less serious ones manage to take time out of their schedules of assignments, reports and tests and examinations to go with their friends on relaxation entertainment.

1.A. adolescence B. adulthood C. childhood D. infancy

2.A. spiritual B. magicalC. practicalD. mental

3.A. signalsB. presentsC. preventsD. signs

4.A. willinglyB. excitedly C. confidentlyD. independently

5.A. optimisticB. imaginativeC. ableD. studious

6.A.increasesB. developsC. declinesD. strengthens

7.A. GraduallyB. FortunatelyC. UnexpectedlyD. Undoubtedly

8.A. music B. chemistryC. art D. biology

9.A. picturesB. imagesC. reflectionsD. buildings

10.A. schoolB. familyC. teacherD. friend

11.A. beautyB. actressC. witchesD. angel

12.A. infancyB. adulthood C. teenage D. aged

13.A. competingB. fighting C. interactingD. learning

14.A. experimentB. agree C. withdrawD. concern

15.A. ambitious B. original C. dailyD. busy

 

1.C

2.D

3.A

4.D

5.B

6.B

7.A

8.C

9.B

10.B

11.D

12.C

13.C

14.A

15.D

【解析】

試題分析：文章大意：文章介紹了一個(gè)著名的心理學(xué)家的論點(diǎn)，兒童時(shí)期，孩子們經(jīng)歷了人生中重要的轉(zhuǎn)變，有心理上的，也有身體上的。

1.A．a(chǎn)dolescence 年輕人，B．a(chǎn)dulthood成年人，C．childhood童年，D．infancy嬰兒，根據(jù)上文：A noted American psychologist once remarked that childhood is a magical period in one’s life．可知兒童時(shí)代經(jīng)歷了一步一步的轉(zhuǎn)變。選C

2.形容詞。A. spiritual精神的；B. magic不可思議的；C. practical實(shí)用的；D. mental思想的。根據(jù)此句的后半句but also in physical and verbal skills.可知這里與physical相對(duì)應(yīng)。這里指才智。選D

3.名詞。A．signals發(fā)信號(hào)，B．presents呈現(xiàn)，C．prevents防止，D．signs標(biāo)志，表示。每一步都表示概念的，學(xué)習(xí)的能力困難的增加。選A

4.副詞。A. willingly心甘情愿地；B. excitedly激動(dòng)地；C. confidently自信地；D. independently獨(dú)立地。包括獨(dú)立地使用廁所，洗澡和自己穿衣服。選D

5.A. optimistic樂(lè)觀的；B. imaginative富于想象力的；C. able能夠；D. studious好學(xué)的。在這個(gè)階段，他也學(xué)會(huì)變得善于觀察的、好奇的、富于想象力的和有創(chuàng)造力的。選B

6.A．increases 增加，B．develops發(fā)展，C．declines下降，D．strengthens加強(qiáng)。他記憶的能力也在這個(gè)階段發(fā)展了。選B

7.副詞辨析。A. Gradually逐漸地；B. Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；C. Unexpectedly不可思議地； D. Undoubtedly毫不懷疑地。逐漸地，他學(xué)會(huì)了解決問(wèn)題的基本技巧。選A

8.A．music 音樂(lè)，B．chemistry化學(xué)，C．a(chǎn)rt藝術(shù)，D．biology生物，尤其在藝術(shù)課上，孩子們特別有創(chuàng)造力。選C

9.名詞。A．pictures圖畫(huà)，B．images形象，C．reflections反思，D．buildings建筑。有一張紙幾只彩色筆，孩子們可以畫(huà)出各種各樣來(lái)自周?chē)男蜗蟆＿xB

10.名詞。A．school學(xué)校，B．family家庭，C．teacher老師，D．friend朋友，從下文：It is not surprising to see a child draw a monster to represent an abusive father, and an angel to represent a loving and caring mother．可知孩子們會(huì)畫(huà)出來(lái)自家庭的形象。選B

11.名詞。A. beauty美麗；B. actress女演員；C. witches女巫；D. angel天使。這里跟前半句It is not surprising to see a child draw a monster to represent an abusive father中的monster相對(duì)應(yīng)。畫(huà)一個(gè)天使代表關(guān)愛(ài)的母親。選 D

12.A. infancy嬰兒期；B. adulthood成年期；C. teenage青少年時(shí)期；D. aged老年的。根據(jù)As he graduates to the later stages of childhood bordering on the 12 years可知childhood之后是teenage。這里指在青少年時(shí)期。選C

13.動(dòng)詞。A. competing競(jìng)爭(zhēng)；B. fighting斗爭(zhēng)；C. interacting互動(dòng)；D. learning學(xué)習(xí)。通過(guò)和朋友同學(xué)的互動(dòng)，這個(gè)孩子會(huì)了解人類關(guān)系和社交關(guān)系的復(fù)雜性。。選C

14.動(dòng)詞。A．experiment實(shí)驗(yàn)，B．a(chǎn)gree同意，C．concern關(guān)心，D．withdraw撤回。他也學(xué)會(huì)用新的生活環(huán)境做實(shí)驗(yàn)。選A

15.形容詞。A. ambitious有抱負(fù)的；B. original原來(lái)的；C. daily日常的；D. busy忙的。這里指繁忙的作業(yè)時(shí)間安排。選D

考點(diǎn)：考查科普類短文閱讀

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科目：高中英語(yǔ) 來(lái)源：2015屆山東高三上學(xué)期月考（1）英語(yǔ)試卷（解析版） 題型：閱讀理解

An Israeli law banning too skinny models went into effect with the start of 2013. The law, approved last March in Israel, requires models to prove they have maintained a Body Mass Index (BMI) of at least 18.5 for three months before a fashion show. That means a woman who is 5'8''tall can weigh no less than 119 pounds.

“This law is another step in the war against eating disorders,” said physician Adatto. “Underweight models,” he explained, “can no longer serve as role models for innocent young people who copy their false image of being skinny.”

But some critics in this country say it is misguided, focusing on weight instead of health. They also say the Israeli ban is bound to fail because of the strong power of the fashion industry. “I think it’s an approach that isn’t going to work.” Said eating disorder expert Susan Ice, who worked with an organization which creates a healthy working environment for models.

But Adatto told the reporter that he began to concern the issue after meeting an ambitious model who looked like she needed to be hospitalized. He said. “I realized that only legislation can change the situation. There was no time to waste, so many girls were dieting to death.”

However, the efforts to regulate models’ weight in Spain and Italy have not resulted in significant changes in part because of difficulties in determining reliable methods of measuring weight and health.

Still, folks including Ice say there’s no denying that images from Hollywood and the fashion industry can be difficult for young women to deal with. “Certainly I don't believe the modeling industry has caused the rise in eating disorders, but it makes it harder,” she says. “It’s a difficult recovery environment, worshiping thinness as the beauty ideal.”

1.What does BMI in the first paragraph refer to?

A. A measure of body health based on height and weight.

B. A worldwide prize for the healthiest model.

C. A new show held by those skinny models.

D. A kind of medicine to cure eating disorders.

2.One benefit the new Israeli law may bring is ________.

A. to change the working conditions of models

B. to lower the chance of skinny models’ death

C. to prevent models from suffering from eating disorders

D. to provide guidance for women worshiping thinness

3.In the opinion of the critics, the law won’t succeed because .

A. it misleads young women to form a bad eating habit

B. the fashion industry is much too influential

C. it doesn’t provide a proper approach that can work well

D. it doesn’t create a healthy working environment for models

4.What caused Adatto to think that a law was needed to change the situation?

A. Establishing his fashion model agent.

B. Meeting an ambitious but too skinny model.

C. Being interviewed by a reporter.

D. Seeing a model die from eating disorders.

5.According to the passage, the new Israeli law banning skinny models is .

A.practical B.acceptable

C. reasonable D.Controversial

 

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