清末舉行的一次科舉特科考試，論題為“《大戴禮》（即漢代戴德所編輯整理的《禮記》）‘保，保其身體；傅，傅其德義；師，導(dǎo)之教訓(xùn)’與近世各國學(xué)校體育、德育、智育同義論”，要求論證中國傳統(tǒng)教育與西方教育同義。這反映了

A．近代教育體制已經(jīng)確立 B．中體西用治國理念的推行

C．朝廷借科舉倡導(dǎo)回歸國學(xué) D．西方教育思想成為主流

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科目：高中英語 來源：河南省安陽市2016-2017學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

Yuoki, a restaurant in Germany, is not your everyday all-you-can-eat buffet (自助餐）. For starters, there isn't an actual buffet to fill your plate. Instead, customers are seated at a table and provided with iPads which they can use to order up to five small dishes every ten minutes. They can eat as much as they want for 120 minutes, but having the food served at short intervals (間隔) allows diners to constantly assess how hungry they are and order accordingly, preventing food waste. Also, the owner, Luan Guoyu, believes, “our eyes are bigger than our stomach”, so not being able to see the cooked food at the buffet prevents people from ordering more food than they can actually eat.

But Luan Guoyu's most effective way of fighting food waste, and the one that has attracted media attention, is his ?1 ($1.15) fine for food still left on the plate. “It’s called ‘ all-you-can-eat’ ” he says, adding that the extra charge is not meant to increase his income, but to act as a warning against wasting food.

Luan Guoyu's system is unique in the state of Baden-Wurttemberg, but not in Germany. Okinii, a Japanese-style restaurant in Dusseldorf, has also been charging customer, the same ? 1 tax for unfinished food on their plates since 2013.

With so many people living on the edge of their nations, and food waste becoming a serious problem in developed countries, it will be interesting to see if more restaurants will start carrying out the “eat up or pay up” policy. Even if they give the money from this fine to charity, it would still help them to save money in dealing with waste, so it's a win for everyone.

1.What does the underlined word “assess” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?

A. Doubt. B. Realize.

C. Judge. D. Compare.

2.What will Luan Guoyu do when people can’t finish the food on their plates?

A. He will charge them extra money.

B. He will advise them to eat up the food.

C. He will ask them to take the food away.

D. He will warn them to order less food next time.

3.What is the text mainly about?

A. Various German restaurants.

B. The seriousness of food waste.

C. Secrets of managing a restaurant.

D. Special ways to fight food waste.

4.What does the author think of the “eat up or pay up” policy?

A. Unfair. B. Funny.

C. Reasonable. D. Doubtful.

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科目：高中英語 來源：山西省太原市2017屆高三第三次模擬英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

Aging brings wrinkles, sagging bodies and frustrating forgetfulness. But getting older is not all bad for many people. Mounting evidence suggests aging may be a key to happiness. There is conflicting research on the subject, however, and experts say it may all boil down to this: Attitude is everything.

Older adults tend to be more optimistic and have a more positive outlook on life than their younger and stressed opposites. The big question is why seniors are happier. A recent study suggests one reason: Older adults remember the past through happy memories. Aging can bring more cheer as people become more comfortable with themselves and their roles in society. The older adults said they were enjoying more time with their family, spending more time on hobbies and having greater financial security and did not have to work.

But others are doubtful about the link between happiness and growing older.

"The notion that those in old age are happiest is misleading," said Richard Easterlin, a professor of economics at the University of Southern California. "It is based on comparing people of different ages who are the same in terms of income, health, family life." Easterlin added, "When you take account of the fact that older people have lower income than younger, are less healthy, and more likely to be living alone, then you will find it hard to accept that they are happier.

In fact, scientists have found that as people age, their health declines and social networks disappear as their friends die, which can make the elderly less happy.

Even if one does give in to age's dark side, health and happiness don't always go hand-in-hand. It's all about attitude. Research by the University of Chicago’s Yang suggests that attitude about life and happiness, is partly shaped by the era in which a person was born. It turns out that individuals who adapt the best to changes also have the highest expected levels of happiness.

Despite the conflicting findings about aging and happiness, the good news is that there doesn’t appear to be a limit to how much happiness one can achieve in one’s life. “Most people desire happiness,” Easterlin said. “To my knowledge, no one has identified a limit to attainable happiness.”

1.What does the last paragraph mainly tell us?

A. The key factor to older adults’ happiness

B. There is a conflict between aging and happiness

C. No one can define the limit to happiness.

D. The relationship between health and happiness.

2.Why are some seniors happier according to some experts?

A. They focus on what makes them feel good.

B. They have their own circle of friends.

C. They have better income after retirement.

3.What can we learn from the passage?

A. People of the same age have the same sense of happiness.

B. Attitude may play a very important role in happiness.

C. People who adapt the best to changes are more likely to be unhappy.

D. Older adults who have more valuable life experience are more optimistic.

4.What’s the topic discussed in the passage?

A. Whether aging or attitude brings happiness.

B. Why seniors adapt the best to changes in society.

C. What the limit to an elder person’s happiness is.

D. How older people feel compared with younger people.

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科目：高中英語 來源：2017年全國普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試歷史（海南卷正式版） 題型：簡答題

根據(jù)材料并 結(jié)合所學(xué)知 識回答問題。（15分）

材料 宋太祖趙匡胤本為后周殿前都點(diǎn)檢，960年，奉命御遼。到達(dá)陳橋驛時(shí)，發(fā)生兵變，趙匡胤黃袍加身，取代后周建立宋王朝，史稱“陳橋兵變”。

對“陳橋兵變”，宋初眾說紛紜，《太祖實(shí)錄》亦語焉不詳。宋太宗趙匡義命重修《太祖實(shí)錄》，說：“史官之職，固在善惡必書，無所隱晦”，“太祖之事周朝也，盡力王室，中外所知。至于大寶（皇位），非有意也”。太宗特地指出，時(shí)值契丹入侵，太祖率兵出擊，一日醉臥帳中，眾將士云集，強(qiáng)擁太祖為皇帝，此乃時(shí)勢所趨，并非人力所為。

今人研究認(rèn)為，趙匡胤制造遼（契丹）與北漢聯(lián)兵南下的假情報(bào)，宰相范質(zhì)等人不明真相，匆忙派遣趙匡胤率諸軍北上抵御。大軍行至陳橋驛，趙匡胤弟趙匡義等受意發(fā)動兵變，將士們把黃袍加在趙匡胤身上，擁立他為天子。

——摘編自張豈之主編《中國歷史》等

（1）根據(jù)材料，概括說明宋太宗對“陳橋兵變”的解釋與今人研究的結(jié)果有何不同。（6分）

（2）根據(jù)材料并結(jié)合所學(xué)知識，簡析宋太宗重修《太祖實(shí)錄》關(guān)于“陳橋兵變”記載的原因。（9分）

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科目：高中英語 來源：2017年全國普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試歷史（海南卷正式版） 題型：選擇題

公元前427年，希臘小城邦密提林背叛了雅典，投靠斯巴達(dá)。雅典民情激憤，公民大會迅速作出決議，將密提林成年男子全部處死，婦女兒童罰作奴隸。第二天，民眾情緒趨于平靜，公民大會撤銷了原決議。據(jù)此可知，在古代

A．希臘小邦缺乏政治自主權(quán) B．公民決定雅典城邦重大決策

C．大邦爭霸阻礙了希臘統(tǒng)一 D．雅典公民大會有時(shí)違背民意

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科目：高中英語 來源：2017年全國普通高等學(xué)校招生統(tǒng)一考試歷史（海南卷正式版） 題型：選擇題

“唐初，兵之戍邊者，大曰軍，小曰守捉，曰城，曰鎮(zhèn)”，鎮(zhèn)將只掌防戍守御。宋代，諸鎮(zhèn)“置于管下火煙繁盛處，設(shè)監(jiān)官，管火禁或兼酒稅之事”。鎮(zhèn)的功能變化反映了

A．商品經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展 B．坊市制度被逐漸打破

C．地方行政機(jī)構(gòu)權(quán)力擴(kuò)大 D．邊患問題得到解決

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科目：高中英語 來源：江蘇省鹽城市阜寧縣2016-2017學(xué)年高一下學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷 題型：短文填空

The Chinese language differs from Western languages in that, instead of an alphabet, it uses characters which stand for ideas, objects or deeds. Chinese words are formed by putting together different characters. In many cases, a single character can also make up a word. The history of the Chinese language can be examined by looking at how these characters developed.

Chinese writing began thousands of years ago. According to an ancient story, a man named Cang Jie invented Chinese writing. One winter day while he was hunting, he saw the tracks of animals in the snow and observed that the appearance of each one was different. Then he had the idea that he could use different shapes to represent different objects. The first Chinese characters were drawings of physical objects. Some characters have been simplified and others have been made more difficult over time. However, as a whole the characters have developed from drawings into standard forms.

Not all characters were developed from drawings of objects. Sometimes to express ideas, some characters were made by combining two or more characters together. Other characters were developed for directions and numbers. It is easy to distinguish their meanings by looking at them.

Though these kinds of characters indicate meanings, one of their shortcomings is that they do not show how they should be pronounced. Therefore, a method was developed to have one part of a character indicate the meaning and the other suggest the pronunciation. Many Chinese characters used today were made this way.

In the 1950s the Chinese government introduced simplified Chinese characters and now they have widespread use in China’s mainland.

Brief 1.

The Chinese language is 2. from western language because it uses characters to 3. ideas, objects or deeds.

The origins of Chinese characters

An idea 4.to Cangjie after he observed the tracks of animals 5. appearance differed from each other in the snow.

The 6. of Chinese characters

·As a whole, the characters developed from drawing into standard forms.

·Some characters were made by comining two or more characters together, whose meanings are easy to 7..

·Many Chinese characters consists of two parts, one 8. the meaning and the other suggesting the pronunciation.

·Now, Chinese characters have become much 9. and been used in china’s mainland 10..

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科目：高中英語 來源：內(nèi)蒙古包頭市2016-2017學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期期中考試英語試卷 題型：閱讀理解

Claude Sammut,a professor of computer science and engineering at the University of New South Wales in Australia,said it would soon be possible for robots to defeat the stars of the future.

For many years,Mr Sammut has been a member of a project called RoboCup,where robots have been programmed to learn how to play football and compete against others in a football match.

As he explains,the robots are having difficulty in learning how to control the ball and move the ball on their own,but he is still full of confidence that one day in the future they will show the same skills as Wayne Rooney,who is one of the best football players in the world.

Mr.Sammut also said,"In 1968,John McCarthy and Donald Michie made a bet with David Levy,who was then the chess champion in Scotland,that within 10 years a computer program would be able to beat him.It took a little bit longer than 10 years (nearly 30 years) but eventually such programs came into being."

"In the same spirit of a grand challenge,RoboCup aims to develop a team of robots that can defeat the world soccer champion team by the year 2050.To achieve this,or come even closer to the ambition,the robots will have to be able to sense and act in completely unstructured environments.This will require major advances in perception（感知）,decision making,learning,and cooperative behaviors.Considering robots are integrated hardware and software systems,great advances will also be needed in sensors（傳感器）,energy storage,and materials."

1.The idea of designing a computer program that could defeat a chess champion came forth .

A. in 1968 B. in 1978

C. in the 1990s D. 30 years ago

2.We can conclude from Mr.Sammut's words that .

A. robots would be smarter than human beings in the near future

B. robots have more ambitions than human beings

C. robots would take control of the world

D. many parts of robots still need improving

3.What's the best title for this passage?

A. Scientists' Wisdom in Designing Robot Football Players.

B. Robot Football Players to Beat World's Best by 2050.

C. Robot Football Players' Bright Future.

D. Mr Sammut—the Father of Robot Football Players

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科目：高中英語 來源：福建省南安市2016-2017學(xué)年高一入學(xué)考試英語試卷 題型：書面表達(dá)

English weekly 向高一學(xué)生征文，主題是：“三年后的我”，請根據(jù)下列要點(diǎn)和你的暢想寫一篇80字左右的征文，你的作文應(yīng)含有：

1．學(xué)校，學(xué)習(xí)生活

2．業(yè)余生活

3．未來職業(yè)暢想

可適當(dāng)添加情節(jié)以使行文完整

書寫要求：字跡干凈，全面整潔，給人以美感。

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