C
Contestants from around the world met in Pomona, California,this month to test their skills at things like driving a car,walking down stairs,and opening doors. Sounds easy,right? But the competitors weren't people — they were robots!
The bots were participating in the final round of the US，s DARPA (Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency) Robotics Challenge. This event,which took place on June 5-6,tested robots on how well they could respond during a disaster and the winning team finally took home a $2 million grand prize.
The DARPA challenge was created after the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan. An earthquake caused a tsunami,which damaged a nuclear power plant. Workers at the plant needed to shut bff an important valve(閥門) ，but it was too dangerous for humans to reach it. The US scientists at DARPA wondered whether the disaster could have been avoided if a robot had been sent to do the job. So they set up the robotics competition.
Turning a valve was just one task a robot might have to perform when entering a disaster zone. In addition to doing this,robots participating in the challenge had to navigate a course containing several other tasks: driving and exiting a vehicle, opening a door,walking over or clearing objects,cutting a hole in a wall,plus climbing a flight of stairs.
Teams had to complete the challenge in one hour,and points were awarded based on how quickly the robots completed a task. They didn't have to attempt all the tasks. To make things even more realistic,challenge organizers caused short computer-system blackouts(斷電) that prevented robots and the human operators controlling them from communicating. That means teams had to program their bots to be partially autonomous (獨立的) . Robots also couldn’t be attached to anything that could keep them from falling down , which happened a lot.
29.What do we know about this year's DARPA challenge?
A. It lasted five days.
B. It was held in Japan.
C. Its winner got a cash prize.
D. Its winner will work in Fukushima.
30.What does the underlined part “the job” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. To open a door.
B. To close a valve.
C. To predict a tsunami.
D. To rebuild a nuclear power plant.
31.The robots that participated in the US，s DARPA challenge were required to .
A. challenge all the tasks
B. have a good sense of smell
C. complete their tasks in an hour
D. act in the dark in the whole process
32.What is the text mainly about?
A. A nuclear disaster.
B. A research program.
C. A robotics competition.
D. A scientific organization.
C篇(現(xiàn)代技術(shù))
本文是說明文。文章介紹了在加利福尼亞州舉行的DARPA機器人挑戰(zhàn)賽。
29. C. 細節(jié)理解題。由第二段的the winning team finally took home a $2 million grand prize可知，加利福尼亞州 舉行的為期兩天的DARPA機器人挑戰(zhàn) 賽冠軍得主獲得了200萬美元的現(xiàn)金大獎。
30. B. 篇章結(jié)構(gòu)題。劃線部分所在句的 the disaster指代上文的福島核電站事 故，科學(xué)家認為如果當(dāng)時能有機器人去關(guān)閉核電站的閥門，那么那場事故就會避免，故此處的the job指關(guān)閉閥門。
31. C. 細節(jié)理解題。由最后一段介紹機器: 人參賽規(guī)則的 Teams had to complete the challenge in one hour可知，參賽機器人需要在一個小時之內(nèi)完成比賽內(nèi)容。
32. C.主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了在加利福尼亞州舉行的DARPA機器人挑戰(zhàn)賽賽況及其規(guī)則。
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I was looking through some old photo recently when I came across one of Jack,who was my most favonte cousin. It reminded me of the summer I spend with him when I was eight. He lived on a street where had a lot of old,empty houses. At night,it was scared walking past those houses. One night,I awoke to see Jack sitting by the window with his legs outside,talk. I called his name,but he was asleep. My aunt came in and took her back to bed. She seemed unconcerned about how close her son were to falling from the second floor. “Oh,he's always sleepwa ked. He’ 11 be fine." She was such calm that I've been unafraid that neighborhood ever since.
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D
Scientists have long known that turtles,like many animals,find their way and direction at sea by sensing the invisible(無形的) lines of Earth's magnetic field(磁場) similar to how sailors use latitude（緯度）and longitude. But they didn，t know
how turtles were able to return to the very spot where they were born.
Now a study has the answer: Turtles also rely on Earth，s magnetic field to find their way home. That's because each part of the coastline has its own magnetic signature,which the animals remember and later use as an internal compass. It's not an easy way,though — the magnetic field turns slowly,and turtles have to change their nesting sites in response's pretty amazing how these creatures can find their way through this vast expanse of nothing/' said study co-author J. Roger Brothers.
Turtles have a great range that surrounds all but the coldest waters of the world's oceans. Though they travel hundreds of miles out to sea,turtles seem to prefer coastal areas.
Every year,thousands of volunteers walk along Florida's sandy beaches to count turtle's nesting sites,which provides scientists with a rich population data set. At the same time,researchers have been studying slight changes in Earth，s magnetic field along Florida's coasts to measure how the field，s strength and other characters change over time. Brothers and his colleagues combined the citizen-science data on turtle nests and official data about the magnetic field to find how everything changed over time.
Nathan Putman,a biologist with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's Southeast Fisheries Science Center,added,“It，s really creative work,the type that makes you think, ‘Why didn’11 think of that?’ ”
The results could also influence conservation ways for these endangered animals,said Brothers. The population of the animals has fallen due to pollution,and development in their nesting areas. Many conservationists surround turtles' nests with wire cages. Since these cages are usually metallic,the practice could affect the turtles,ability to find their way home.
32. Why does the author say “It's not an easy way”？
A. Turtles always travel far away from home.
B. Earth's magnetic field changes constantly.
C. It's hard for turtles to feel the invisible lines.
D. It takes turtles too much time to plan their route.
33. What is the main idea of Paragraph 4 ?
A. How the data was collected.
B. How important the research was.
C. How the research was carried out.
D. How meaningful the data is in modem life.
34. What does Nathan Putman think of the findings of Brothers and his team?
A. There is still a long way to go.
B. Their efforts are worthwhile and inspiring.
C. They are the most important findings on turtles.
D. The results may cause doubts from other scientists.
35. According to the last paragraph,why are some cages put around turtles’ nests?
A. To expand their nesting areas.
B. To help them rest comfortably.
C. To guide them to their home.
D. To prevent them from leaving.
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