There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerably, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is reared (培養(yǎng)). If an individual is handicapped (妨礙) environmentally, it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable.
The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and Mark X. Being identical, the twins had identical brains at birth, and their growth processes were the same. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother. Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.
小題1:This passage can be best titled_________.
A．Intelligence and Environment
B．Measuring Your Intelligence
C．The Case of Peter and Mark
D．How the brain Influences Intelligence
小題2:According to the passage, the average I.Q. is _____.
A．85B．125C．110D．100
小題3:The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that _______.
A．individual with identical brains seldom test at same level
B．a(chǎn)n individual's intelligence is determined only by his environment
C．changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain
D．lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence
小題4:This passage suggests that an individual's I.Q.______.
A．can be increased by education
B．stays the same throughout his life
C．can be predicted at birth
D．is determined by his childhood

小題1:A
小題2:D
小題3:D
小題4:A 

試題分析：這篇文章講的是智力和環(huán)境的關(guān)系。同樣智力水平的人，環(huán)境和教育不一樣，智商也會有很大不同。
小題1:主旨題：從每段的段首，可以看出這篇文章講的是智力和環(huán)境的關(guān)系。選A
小題2:細(xì)節(jié)題：從最后一段的句子：Mark's I.Q. was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average 可知平均智商是100.選D
小題3:推理題;從文章的最后一段的句子：Given equal opportunities, the twins, having identical brains, would have tested at roughly the same level.可知是因?yàn)槿狈C(jī)會阻礙智力發(fā)展。選D。
小題4:細(xì)節(jié)題：從第二段的句子：Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college. He was read to as a child, sent to good schools, and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually.可知人的智商是可以通過教育提高的。選A 
點(diǎn)評：這篇文章講的是智力和環(huán)境的關(guān)系。同樣智力水平的人，環(huán)境和教育不一樣，智商也會有很大不同。做閱讀理解題首先要明確文章的中心意思，只有明確了中心意思，那么做閱讀理解的試題才能做到游刃有余。閱讀理解的主旨大意題其實(shí)主要考查考生把握全文內(nèi)容或理解文章中心思想的能力以及分析歸納文章段落大意、重要情節(jié)、人物特征和寫作特點(diǎn)等方面的能力。文章的主旨大意明確了，若還具備分析長難句的能力，難的試題也會迎刃而解。
練習(xí)冊系列答案
相關(guān)習(xí)題

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

What is a good education? The question is far from being answered. Once more, colleges and universities are changing their programs: they drop "fun courses" and restart some of the traditional subjects neglected (忽視) since the 1960s. Many great schools are again requiring the students to take a number of classes in English, history, literature, the social sciences, philosophy, the natural sciences, and art if they want to get a degree. Meanwhile, the experts are trying to describe the good education of our time. Obviously the purely vocational training once favored is not enough. But neither is the gentleman's education of the nineteenth century. Educational programs must meet the demands of a modern world where men and women have to work and to deal with big problems.
What, then, is a good education of this century? Some educators suggest that it should include foreign languages and the study of foreign cultures; a mastery of English, including the ability to write and speak well, because communications have become all-important in the modern world, and also because "a person who doesn't speak and write clearly doesn't reason clearly either"; some knowledge of the social sciences (sociology, psychology) that deal with human relations and human problems; some basic knowledge of modern science, which would enable future voters to be better informed about current problems like nuclear. Finally, many educators insist that all college graduates should be familiar with computers and modern information system since the educated professionals of tomorrow will have to understand their machines. Is that all? "No, of course not." answer the educators. "We have not mentioned the two great building blocks of education: history and literature!"
小題1:The best title for this passage might be _______.
A．EducationB．A Mastery of English
C．A Good EducationD．Something About Study
小題2:The underlined word "drop" in the first paragraph means _______.
A．desertB．dislikeC．declineD．neglect
小題3:The author thinks that the question about what a good education is _______.
A．has been answered fairly well
B．hasn't been put forward yet
C．has been dealt with successfully
D．has not been answered satisfactorily
小題4:Some educational experts believe a mastery of English should include the ability _______.
A．to read fastB．to write and speak well
C．to write clearly and accuratelyD．to listen and speak skillfully

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A new study shows one of the largest glaciers(冰川) in Greenland is becoming smaller and speeding to the sea faster than scientists expected. If it continues, Greenland itself could become much smaller during this century and global seas could rise as much as 3 feet.
The rates of change that we’re noticing are much higher than expected. If these rates continue, it is not likely that Greenland could shrink by several tens of percent this century. However, it’s not known how quickly this coastal response of the Greenland ice sheet melting will have an effect on the vast inland ice.
Greenland is the world’s largest island, covering area more than three times the size of Texas. Some 81 percent of it is covered by ice, and there are many glaciers. Glaciers are like slow-moving rivers of ice. Where a glacier meets the sea, its weight keeps it firmly resting on the bottom. A glacier’s front is the point where the water is deep enough that the glacier floats.
Since the 1970s, the front of Helheim stayed in the same place. Then it began melting rapidly, moving back 4.5 miles from 2001 through this past summer. It has also grown thinner, from top to bottom, by more than 130 feet since 2001. And over these past years, its trip to the sea has sped up from about 70 feet per day to nearly 110.
The melting is driven by a warmer climate. Temperatures in Greenland have risen more than five degrees Fahrenheit(華氏溫度) in the last ten years. Since most of Greenland’s ice is on land, seas will rise as the ice melts. If all Greenland’s ice sheet melted, oceans would be 15-20 feet higher. Nobody expects that to happen any time soon.
小題1:What can we know about the glaciers according to the passage?
A．Glaciers only lie in Greenland.
B．Water in glaciers is more than sea water.
C．Glaciers sometimes float on the water.
D．Glaciers can increase the water level of lakes.
小題2:According to the passage, we know that Greenland ___________.
A．belongs to Canada
B．is the largest island in North America
C．is all covered with glaciers
D．is sinking under the sea level
小題3:Which of the following may be the result of the disappearing of Greenland glaciers?
A．The climate of the world will be warmer.
B．The glaciers in other areas will be bigger.
C．It will be easy for explorers to visit the island.
D．Some coastal cities may be under the sea.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

A
For many parents, raising a teenager is like fighting a long war, but years go by without any clear winner. Like a border conflict between neighboring countries, the parent-teen war is about boundaries: Where is the line between what I control and what you do?
Both sides want peace, but neither feels it has any power to stop the conflict. In part, this is because neither is willing to admit any responsibility for starting it. From the parents’ point of view, the only cause of their fight is their adolescents’ complete unreasonableness. And of course, the teens see it in exactly the same way, except oppositely. 
In this article, I’ll describe three no-win situations that commonly arise between teens and parents and then suggest some ways out of the dilemma. The first no-win situation is quarrels over unimportant things. Examples include the color of the teen’s hair, the cleanliness of the bedroom, the preferred style of clothing, the child’s failure to eat a good breakfast before school, or his tendency to sleep until noon on the weekends. Second, blaming. The goal of a blaming battle is to make the other admit that his bad attitude is the reason why everything goes wrong. Third, needing to be right. It doesn’t matter what the topic is — politics, the laws of physics, or the proper way to break an egg — the point of these arguments is to prove that you are right and the other person is wrong, for both wish to be considered an authority — someone who actually knows something — and therefore to command respect. Unfortunately, as long as parents and teens continue to assume that they know more than the other, they’ll continue to fight these battles forever and never make any real progress.
小題1:Why does the author compare the parent-teen war to a border conflict?
A．Both can continue for generations.
B．Both are about where to draw the line.
C．Neither has any clear winner.
D．Neither can be put to an end.
小題2:What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean?
A．The teens blame their parents for starting the conflict.
B．The teens agree with their parents on the cause of the conflict.
C．The teens accuse their parents of misleading them.
D．The teens tend to have a full understanding of their parents.
小題3:Parents and teens want to be right because they want to ________.
A．give orders to the otherB．know more than the other
C．gain respect from the otherD．get the other to behave properly
小題4:What will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?
A．Causes for the parent-teen conflicts.
B．Examples of the parent-teen war.
C．Solutions for the parent-teen problems.
D．Future of the parent-teen relationship.
小題5:Where do you think this passage can be found?
A．In a report.B．In a letter.
C．In a novel.D．In a textbook.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

If you’re like most students, you may find it challenging to learn a foreign language. However, there are a few tips you can use in order to earn a top grade —— as well as actually use the skills you’ve learned.
One of the most important and basic lessons in dealing with a foreign language is to learn and understand each concept and lesson before moving on to the next one. If you don’t understand one concept but move on to the next chapter anyway, you’re less likely to understand the new material.
Learning a new language is not only an academic tool, but can help you in your everyday life as well. Being good at another language can help you communicate with other people, and help you when traveling to foreign countries, and even make your resume look better.
And it is important to learn correct pronunciation as soon as possible for poor pronunciation can be hard to break. Native speakers of the language as well as others fluent in the language you are learning will appreciate your efforts to learn correct pronunciation.
Gather outside materials such as books, study guides, books on tape, and travel books to aid you in learning the language. Your textbooks can’t possibly teach you everything you need to know, so seeking outside sources is generally a good rule of thumb to keep in mind.
A significant motivator in learning a foreign language is traveling to the country where the language is spoken. That way, you can see firsthand how the language is used, learn the culture, and meet native speakers of the language. Native speakers appreciate sincere attempts of others who take the time to learn their language.
Seek out native speakers of your new language in your school or neighborhood. They can help you with many skills, including pronunciation, and they can provide immediate feedback on your progress.
小題1:This passage is written to        .
A．explain why learning a foreign language is challenging
B．tell us the importance of learning foreign languages
C．tell us some ways of earning a top grade
D．give us some tips on learning foreign languages
小題2:Which of the following can best summarize the main idea of Paragraph 3?
A．Think beyond academics.
B．Learn each concept.
C．Plan a trip to use your skills.
D．Consider a language as a tool.
小題3:We can learn from the passage that           .
A．textbooks are not good for us when learning a foreign language
B．learning pronunciation well from the very beginning is very important
C．poor pronunciation can be easy to break with the help of native speakers
D．seeking too many outside sources will be more harmful than beneficial
小題4:What is suggested doing in the last paragraph?
A．Going on a trip abroad.
B．Practicing with native speakers.
C．Asking for feedback from our teachers.
D．Finding a motivator in learning language.
小題5:In which part of a website would this text probably appear?
A．Entertainment.B．History.C．Education.D．Nature.

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Scientists have transformed men’s minds into a virtual（虛擬的）woman’s body in an experiment that could throw light upon how humans distinguish themselves form others.
In a study at Barcelona University, men wore a virtual reality headset that allowed them to see and hear the world as a female character. When they looked down, they could even see their new body and clothes.
The “body－swapping” effect was so convincing that the men’s sense of self was transferred into the virtual woman, causing them to react to events in the virtual world they were immersed（沉浸）. “This work opens up another avenue for virtual reality, which is not just to transform your sense of place, but also your sense of self,” said Mel Slater, “If you can temporarily give people the illusion that their bodies are different, then the evidence suggests it also affects their behavior and the way they think. They can have new experiences: a person who is thin can know what it is like to be fat. A man can have an experience of what it’s like to be a woman.”
During the experiment, a “female” approached and hit the face of the character another man was playing. “Their reaction was immediate,” said Slate. “They would take in a quick breath and maybe flinch（退縮）. The more people reported being in the girl’s body, the stronger physical reaction they had.” But in all cases, the feeling was temporary and lasted only as long as the study.
The study shows that our minds have a very fluid picture of our bodies. The research is expected to shed light on the puzzle of how our brain tells the difference between a part of our own body and something else in the wider world. Thus the work might improve the conditions for those who have experienced strokes by placing them in a world that helps them to use their bodies to the full again.
小題1:How can a man’s mind get into a woman’s body?
A．by distinguishing themselves from women
B．by taking part in an activity actively
C．by wearing a special device（設(shè)備）
D．by transforming his sense of place
小題2:Of the following statements, which we can’t infer from the passage?
A．Men in the experiment can temporarily have the wrong feeling that they are women.
B．When hit, the men in the virtual world will react angrily to it.
C．As soon as the experiment is finished, the men will return to the normal state
D．Probably, this study can be applied to medical fields and benefit humans.
小題3:What is the author’s intention of writing this passage?
A．to introduce an interesting and advanced study
B．to inform us of the latest development of virtual reality
C．to illustrate the importance of virtual reality
D．to build up our confidence to fight stroke

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Research suggests that a newly-identified gene known as insomniacs(失眠癥患者) may play a role in keeping us asleep. By cloning and testing this gene in about 21,000 fruit flies, Rockefeller University researchers say they have discovered an entirely new mechanism (機(jī)制) by which sleep is controlled.
By studying these flies, the researchers discovered that mutations(變異) in the insomniac gene were associated with a great reduction in sleep. While a typical fruit fly slept for an average of 927 minutes a day, the mutant flies slept for just 317. They also slept for shorter periods of time, and slept and woke more frequently.
“The results showed a great loss of both the time that the flies’ sleep lasted and their ability to remain asleep after they slept,” says researcher Nicholas Stavropoulos.
The researchers also examined the link between sleep and lifespan, finding that flies with mutations to the insomniac gene lived only about two-thirds as long as unchanged flies. But when the scientists removed insomniac only in neurons（神經(jīng)細(xì)胞）---allowing it to remain in the rest of the flies’ bodies---this difference disappeared; the resulting animals slept poorly but lived just as long.
“This suggests that reduced sleep can be ‘uncoupled’(分開) from reduced lifespan, supporting the idea that some interruptions of sleep do not affect overall health, at least as far as lifespan is concerned,” Stavropoulos says.
Although flies and humans would appear to have little in common when it comes to lifestyle, scientists say that the mechanisms of sleep and wakefulness are likely to be quite similar.
“Sleep is a fundamental behavior in all animals, and it is poorly understood from a scientific standpoint, says Stavropoulos. This work could prove useful in understanding and treating sleep disorders”
小題1:The text is mainly about____.
A．the progress in cloning fruit flies
B．the methods of cloning fruit flies
C．the link between gene and lifespan
D．the influence of a gene on the ability to sleep
小題2:According to paragraph2, the mutant flies________.
A．slept about 5 hours a day
B．had problems waking up
C．didn’t seem sleepy at all
D．could not fall asleep
小題3:We can conclude from the text that________.
A．sleep and health go hand in hand
B．sleep can be controlled by humans
C．research into sleep is very fruitful
D．the findings are useful in medical treatment

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

There is no doubt that to study abroad gives you an excellent opportunity to learn things which are very helpful in your career building. Today Canada has earned a good name in providing quality education and safe healthy environment for its students. That is why more than 130,000 international students enroll（登記入學(xué)） every year in famous Canadian universities. It is an ideal education destination and gives students a unique experience of education and its versatile（多樣的） arts and culture. Canada spends a lot on education and is ranked the highest in G-8 countries.
To study in Canada is very cost effective. These universities are affordable compared to other universities in the world such as in the US, New Zealand and UK where cost of education and living is very high. According to a survey in 2006, “Canada offered the lowest tuition fees（學(xué)費(fèi)） for foreign students compared to UK and Australia.”
The low rate of crimes and the peaceful safe environment of the country also attracts a lot of international students to Canadian universities. Canada has 92 universities and 175 community colleges and university degrees have three levels—Bachelor’s(學(xué)士), Master’s（碩士） and Doctoral（博士）.
A Bachelor’s degree in Canada is for three or four years’ full-time study depending on the nature of the program you are doing. On the other hand, a Master’s degree consists of two years of study. For a Doctoral program in Canadian universities, you require a minimum （最低/小的） of three to four or sometimes five years of research and study.
You can also find many diploma and certification （認(rèn)證） program in Canadian universities where the time is generally one year. Some of the Canadian universities are well-regarded worldwide and the degree and diploma obtained from these Canadian universities are recognized globally and promise bright future. After the completion of studies, a person could also find great job offers in Canada itself. International students require a work permit to work on campus.
小題1: How long will you spend at least in total if you want to finish your Bachelor’s, Master’s and Doctoral degrees in Canada?
A．11 yearsB．9 yearsC．8 yearsD．7 years
小題2: What advantages does Canada have to attract foreign students according to the passage?
①Q(mào)uality education ② Safe environment
③ Versatile culture ④ Bright job future
⑤ High scholarships ⑥ Low tuition fees
A．①②④⑤⑥B．①②③⑤⑥C．①③④⑤⑥D．①②③④⑥
小題3:What’s the author’s attitude towards studying in Canada?
A．FavorableB．Critical
C．DoubtfulD．Not mentioned
小題4:What’s the best title for the passage？
A．Canadian culture
B．The life in Canada
C．Benefits of studying abroad
D．Study in Canada — a unique experience

查看答案和解析>>

科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Do you want to live another 100 years or more? Do you want to live never to die? Some experts say, it will be not a dream one day. Modern technology will make it come true. Man will live more years beyond what is now seen as the natural limit of the human life.
“ I think we are knocking at the door of immortality,” said Michael, a professor and author of two books on human life expectancy. “I think by 2075 we will see it and it’s no longer a dream. Human’s life expectancy may have not limit.”
At the meeting in San Francisco, Donald Louria, a professor at New Jersey Medical School said advances in using genes as well as other technology make it likely that humans will live in the future beyond what has been possible in the past. “There is a great push so that people can live from 120 to 180 years,” he said. “Some have suggested that there is no limit and that people could live to 300 or 500 years.”
However, many scientists are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last more than about 120 years. Even with healthier lifestyles and less disease, they say failure of the brain and other parts of the body will finally lead all humans to death.
Scientists also hold different opinions on what kind of life man might live.  “If you pass 120, you know; could you be healthy enough to have good quality of life? It’s a big question.” said Leonard Poon, director of the university center.  “At present people who could get to that point are not in good health at all.”
小題1:The underlined word in the second paragraph probably means _____.
A．dying slowlyB．living longerC．living foreverD．dying quickly
小題2:Donald’s attitude is that______.
A．human beings may never die in the future
B．it is not certain how long humans can live
C．the human body can last about 120 years
D．it is possible for man to live longer in the future
小題3:What would be the best title for this text?
A．Living longer or notB．Science and long living
C．No limit for human lifeD．Healthy lifestyle and living
小題4:In the last sentence “get to that point” means ____.
A．get that ideaB．get to 120 years old
C．know how to live foreverD．have good quality of life

查看答案和解析>>

同步練習(xí)冊答案