16．For medical students，real experience begins not in a classroom but at a teaching hospital．These doctors in training are guided．But sometimes accidents happen and the students get injured．
For example，they might stick themselves with a needle while treating patients．Such needle sticks are common．But a recent study found that medical students often fail to report them．Failing to report an injury like this can be dangerous if a patient，or a medical worker，has an infectious disease．
Researchers at Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore，Maryland，did the study，which involved a survey answered by almost 700surgeons in training in the United States．
Almost 60% said they had suffered needle stick injuries when they were in medical school．Many said they were stuck more than once．Yet nearly half of those whose most recent incident happened in school did not report it to a health office．If they had，they would have been tested to see if they needed treatment to prevent an infection like HIV or hepatitis．
Most known cases of HIV or hepatitis are reported，but other possible infections often are not．Martin Makary，the lead author of the study，says medical students who are stuck put themselves and others in danger from infectious diseases．
Doctor Makary said，"A needle that goes through the skin needs to be as sharp as possible．"Doctors in training may have to do hundreds of stitches （縫線） in some cases to close the skin after an operation．
Doctor Makary said，"I support using blunt tip needles which are considered safer．This needle is still sharp enough to go through body tissue，but it does have a blunt tip，so that if it accidentally goes into my finger，it's much less likely to hurt me．"
How common are needle sticks among health care workers？An estimated 600，000to 800，000of these and similar injuries are reported each year in the United States．But Doctor Makary says the real number may be much higher．
The study advises doctors to protect their hands by wearing two sets of gloves．It also urges hospitals to establish a special telephone number for medical workers and students to call if they are injured．The idea is for hospitals to send a clear message that there is no reason not to report this kind of accident．
41．It is dangerous for medical students not to report needle stick injuries becauseC．
A．they don't know how to treat themselves．
B．they may meet more needle sticks
C．it may cause some diseases
D．it may make patients sad．
42．If they report needle stick injuries，medical students willD．
A．receive treatment
B．be forbidden to use sharp needles
C．spend more time on training
D．receive tests
43．The underlined word"blunt"in Paragraph 7is the closest in meaning to"A"．
A．not sharp B．not safe
C．not long D．not thick
44．What do we know from the passage？D
A．Doctors who don't report needle stick injuries will be punished．
B．Needle sticks among health care workers will reduce sharply in the future．
C．Most needle stick injuries happen in the United States．
D．Two suggestions are given to protect medical workers and students．
45．Where can this passage most probably be found？B
A．In an entertainment magazine
B．In a science magazine
C．In a storybook
D．In science fiction．
分析 本文介紹了外科醫(yī)生手術(shù)中常常被縫線針扎傷手指，卻很少有人報告，因而埋下隱患的現(xiàn)狀，并提出相應(yīng)的對策：戴兩層手套、設(shè)立電話專線．
解答 41-45 CDADB
41．答案C．細節(jié)題．由文章第二段Failing to report an injury like this can be dangerous if a patient，or a medical worker，has an infectious disease．一句可知，受傷后不報告危險是因為病人或醫(yī)務(wù)人員可能患有傳染性疾病．故C項正確．
42．答案D．細節(jié)題．由第四段If they had （reported），they would have been tested to see …可知，如果報告就會接受體檢（test）．故D項正確．
43．答案A．推斷題．根據(jù)第四段This needle is still sharp enough to go through body tissue，but it does have a blunt tip，so that if it accidentally goes into my finger，it's much less likely to hurt me可知，由于針扎事件頻發(fā)，故有醫(yī)生建議使用"帶有blunt tip的但是仍然能夠穿透人體組織的"縫針．這樣就不會輕易扎傷手指．據(jù)此可以推斷這種縫針不像通常使用的那么尖銳．故A項正確．
44．答案D．細節(jié)題．從文章最后一段可知．研究報告建議醫(yī)生wearing two sets of gloves，醫(yī)院設(shè)立a special telephone number．故D項正確．
45．答案B．文章出處題．本文介紹了外科醫(yī)生手術(shù)中常常被縫線針扎傷手指，卻很少有人報告，因而埋下隱患的現(xiàn)狀，以及相應(yīng)的對策：戴兩層手套、設(shè)立電話專線．屬于科技類閱讀．故選B 科學(xué)雜志．
點評 新聞報道解題技巧：第一步"看標題信息"，類似作文審題；而"揣摩記敘類型"，則是指閱讀的審題目標要比作文單一．即通過對題意的揣摩，要能辨出該文的記敘對象，是人物新聞還是事件新聞，是消息還是通迅． 第二步"抓記敘要素"，這是由文體特點決定的．因為新聞的內(nèi)容，無論哪種類型，一般都離不開人物、時間、地點和事情的起因、發(fā)展、結(jié)果這六個要素． 第三步"理行文線索"，即領(lǐng)悟文章的脈絡(luò)、順序，目的是理清作者的行文思路，借此可準確地劃分全文的段落層次．針對考綱當中C層級的分析綜合"分析語言特色，把握文章結(jié)構(gòu)，概括中心意思"的考點．第四步"辨敘述方式"，即辨析文本主要采用的敘述方式，消息一般都是采用"倒金字塔"式（即先說結(jié)果，再說重要事實，最后說次要內(nèi)容），這跟一般的記敘文不同．而通迅的敘述方式就比較靈活多變，有順敘、倒敘，中間或許還會有插敘、補敘．
