It often happens that a number of applicants with almost the same qualifications and experience all apply for the same position. In their educational background, special skills and work experience, there is little, if anything, to choose between half a dozen candidates. How then does the employer make a choice? Usually on the basis of an interview.
There are many arguments for and against the interview as a way of selection. The main argument against it is that it results in a wholly subjective decision. As often as not, employers do not choose the best candidate. They choose the candidate who makes a good first impression on them. Some employers, of course, reply to this argument by saying that they have become so experienced in interviewing staff that they are able to make a good assessment of each candidate’s likely performance. The main argument in favor of the interview is that an employer is concerned not only with a candidate’s ability, but with his or her suitable personality for the particular work situation. Many employers, for example, will overlook occasional mistakes from their secretary if she has a pleasant personality.
It is perhaps true to say, therefore, that the real purpose of an interview is not to assess the assessable aspects of each candidate but to make a guess at the things that are hard to measure, such as personality, character and social ability. Unfortunately, both for the employers and applicants for jobs, there are many people of great ability who simply do not interview well. There are also, of course, people who interview extremely well, but are later found to be very unsatisfactory employees. Candidates who interview well tend to be quietly confident, but never boastful（自夸的）, direct and straightforward in their questions and answers; cheerful and friendly, but never over-familiar; and sincerely enthusiastic and optimistic. Candidates who interview badly tend to be either very shy or over-confident. They either talk too little or never stop talking. They are either over polite or a bit rude.
小題1:People argue over the interview mainly because they have   .
A．different purposes in the interview
B．different experiences in interviews
C．different standards of selection
D．different ways of selection
小題2:The underlined word “subjective” means “based on one’s     rather than facts” ．
A．personalityB．characterC．opinionD．a(chǎn)bility
小題3:The purpose of the last paragraph is to indicate     
A．a(chǎn) link between success in interview and personality
B．connections between work abilities and personality
C．differences in interview experience
D．differences in personal behavior
小題4:What is the author’s attitude towards the interview?
A．He thinks it is a good way of selection
B．He doesn’t quite agree with it
C．He is neither for nor against it
D．It is not clear

小題1:C
小題2:C
小題3:A
小題4:B

試題分析：本文敘述了面試的的爭論，有些招聘者在面試時不挑選最好的應試者，而是挑選給他印象好的人，另一些招聘者認為無法衡量一個人的能力，而去招聘有個性的人。但是有許多面試不好的人卻很有能力，而面試很好的人也有可能不是最好的員工。
小題1:推理判斷題。根據(jù)The main argument against it is that it results in a wholly subjective decision. but to make a guess at the things that are hard to measure, such as personality, character and social ability.人們對于面試的爭論在于他們對于應聘者的選擇標準上，故選C。
小題2:詞義猜測題。根據(jù)As often as not, employers do not choose the best candidate. They choose the candidate who makes a good first impression on them.不選擇最好的候選人而是對于應聘者采取第一印象的主管看法，故選C。
小題3:推理判斷題。根據(jù)敘述了成功的面試與個性之間的關(guān)系，故選A。
小題4:推理判斷題�？v觀全文可知作者不很同意面試的做法，故選B。
點評：推理判斷題屬于主觀題，是層次較高的題目。它包括判斷和推理題。這兩類題常常相互依存，推理是為了做出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴于合乎邏輯的推理。該題要求在理解表面文字的基礎(chǔ)上做出判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱含意思和深層意思，也就是通過文章中的文字信息，上下邏輯關(guān)系及事物的發(fā)展變化等已知信息，推斷出作者沒有直接表達的態(tài)度和觀點。
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How Many Lies Do the Children Tell You?
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DePaulo and her colleagues conclude that people tend to tell fewer lies to those they feel closest to. College students lied to their best friends 28% of the time but lied to acquaintances 48% of the time. In close relationships, people were more likely to tell "kind-hearted" lies, designed to protect feelings, rather than self-serving lies.
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A．get money from themB．offer them the services
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B．More parents and children are sharing the same enthusiasm for a certain sport.
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Sometimes standards change, and it is unclear which principle should apply. Think of the recorded message you hear, played over and over, as you wait on hold when calling your bank: “Your call will be answered in the order in which it was received.” This is essential for the morals of the queue. It’s as if the company is trying to ease our impatience with fairness.
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B．the economic downturn hit cities in the mid-east section
C．Miami scored in the bottom 10 percent in all nine categories
D．commuting time in New York is too long
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A．The number of officials who are guilty is large in Memphis.
B．Stockton got second place in last year's ranking.
C．High income taxes made New York get 16th place.
D．Ohio has the country's highest sales tax.
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A．Cleveland, Detroit, Miami, Buffalo, Florida.
B．Stockton, Miami, Flint, Florida, Canton.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Long after the 1998 World Cup was won, disappointed fans were still cursing the disputed refereeing decisions that denied victory to their team. A researcher was appointed to study the performance of some top referees.
The researcher organized an experimental tournament involving four youth teams. Each match lasted an hour, divided into three periods of 20 minutes during which different referees were in charge.
Observers noted down the referees’ errors, of which there were 61 over the tournament. Converted to a standard match of 90 minutes, each referee made almost 23 mistakes, a remarkably high number.
The researcher then studied the videotapes to analyse the matches in detail. Surprisingly, he found that errors were more likely when the referees were close to the incident. When the officials got it right, they were, on average, 17 meters away from the action. The average distance in the case of errors was 12 meters. The research shows the optimum (最佳的) distance is about 20 meters.
There also seemed to be an optimum speed. Correct decisions came when the referees were moving at a speed of about 2 meters per second. The average speed for errors was 4 meters per second.
If FIFA, football’s international ruling body, wants to improve the standard of refereeing at the next World Cup, it should encourage referees to keep their eyes on the action from a distance, rather than rushing to keep up with the ball, the researcher argues.
He also says that FIFA’s insistence that referees should retire at age 45 may be misguided. If keeping up with the action is not so important, their physical condition is less critical.
小題1:The experiment conducted by the researcher was meant to ________.
A．review the decisions of referees at the 1998 World Cup
B．a(chǎn)nalyse the causes of errors made by football referees
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D．reexamine the rules for football refereeing
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A．slightly above averageB．higher than in the 1998 World Cup
C．quite unexpectedD．a(chǎn)s high as in a standard match
小題3:The findings of the experiment show that ________.
A．errors are more likely when a referee keeps close to the ball
B．the farther the referee is from the incident, the fewer the errors
C．the more slowly the referee runs, the more likely errors will occur
D．errors are less likely when a referee stays in one spot
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A．the researchers involved in the experiment
B．the inspectors of the football tournament
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D．the observers at the site of the experiment
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A．The ideal retirement age for an experienced football referee is 45.
B．Age should not be the chief consideration in choosing a football referee.
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

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The authors also found that the death rates for teenage drivers increased greatly after 10 p.m., and especially after midnight. With passengers in the car, the driver was even more likely to die in a late-night accident.
Robert Foss, a scientist at the University of North Carolina Highway Safety Research Center, says the higher death rates for teenage drivers have less to do with “really stupid behavior” than with just a lack of driving experience. “The basic issue is that adults who are responsible for giving out licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled driving is.” he says.
Both he and the author of the study believe that the way to mitigate (使緩解) the problem is to have states set up so-called graduated licensing systems, in which getting a license is a process with several stages. A graduated license requires that a teenager first prove himself able to drive in the presence(在場)of an adult, followed by a period of driving with night of passenger restrictions (限制) before graduating to full driving rights.
Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes, according to recent studies.
小題1:Which of the following situations is most dangerous according to the passage?
A．Adults giving a lift to teenagers on the highway after 10 p.m.
B．Adults driving with three or more teenage passengers late at night.
C．A teenager driving after midnight with passengers in the car.
D．A teenager getting a lift from a stranger on the highway at midnight.
小題2:According to Robert Foss, the high death rate of teenage drivers is mainly due to _______.
A．their frequent driving at night B．their lack of driving experience
C．their wrong way of driving D．their driving with passengers
小題3:According to Paragraph 3, which of the following statements is TRUE?
A．Teenagers should spend more time learning to drive.
B．Driving is a skill too complex for teenagers to learn.
C．Restrictions should be forced on teenagers demanding to take driving licenses.
D．The licensing department is partly responsible for teenagers’ driving accidents.
小題4:A suggested measure to be taken to reduce teenagers’ driving accidents is that ______.
A．driving in the presence of an adult should be made a rule
B．they should be forbidden to take on passengers
C．they should not be allowed to drive after 10 pm
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