This is the VOA Special English Education Report. A few weeks ago, we talked about the Test of English as a Foreign Language, or TOEFL. A listener in Cambodia named Thida asks if American colleges and universities also accept the IELTS exam. IELTS is the International English Language Testing System. It was developed by the University of Cambridge ESOL examiners.
Cambridge ESOL says the test measures true-to-life ability to communicate in English for education, immigration or employment. The IELTS tests listening, reading, writing and speaking skills. It uses a mixture of accents and spellings, including British English and American English.
The test is used by government agencies, schools and professional organizations in one hundred and twenty countries. And, yes, that includes the United States. The many American schools that accepted the IELTS can be found on the Web at felts.org.
Some schools accept both the TOEFL and the IELTS, but the graduate school at Duke University in Durham, North Carolina, for example, says it prefers the IEITS.
The listening and speaking parts are the same for everyone who takes the IELTS, but people have a choice of reading and writing tests -- either academic or general training.
The listening test takes thirty minutes. There are forty questions based on a recording. The reading test takes sixty minutes. Students answer forty questions based on three written passages.
The writing test also takes sixty minutes. Students have to write two essays. One essay has to be at least one hundred and fifty words long and the other at least two hundred and fifty words. The shorter one is description of something; the longer one has to support and argument.
The speaking test takes less than fifteen minutes. The score is based on a recorded talk between the student and a test examiner.
And that's the VOA Special English Education Report, written by Nancy Steinbach. If you have a general question for our series, write to special@voanews.com. I'm Barbara Klein.
小題1:What does TOEFL stand for?
A．The Voice of AmericaB．The International English Language Testing System
C．The Test of English as a Foreign Language
D．The Test of English as a Native Language
小題2:The International English Language Testing System commonly takes _______ in all.
A．less than 160 minutesB．more than 165 minutes
C．no more than 160 minutesD．less than 166 minutes
小題3: According to the passage, we can infer _______.
A．IELTS is efficient and necessary if you want to go to English-speaking countries
B．IELTS is completely different from TOEFL
C．every American needs to accept TOEFLD．IEITS isn't used more widely than TOEFL
小題4:What is the main idea of the passage?
A．How can the readers write papers to the VOA programme?
B．It talks about some ways to pass TOEFL.
C．It introduces IELTS.
D．How can the readers pass two kinds of tests?

小題1:C
小題1:D
小題1:A
小題1:C
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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

PEOPLE who have had a painful experience may wish they could wipe the memory from their minds. Researchers at Johns Hopkins University, US, say that this may someday be possible.
A drug remains far off, but researchers have laid a foundation with their discovery that proteins can be removed from the brain’s fear center to cut memories forever.
Previous research had already shown that a special behavior therapy (治療) could cut painful memories. But relapse (復(fù)發(fā)) was possible because the memory hadn’t necessarily disappeared.
By looking at that process, Richard Huganir and Roger Clem, two researchers from Johns Hopkins University, discovered a “window of vulnerability (脆弱的窗口)” when proteins are created. The proteins help signals travel within the brain as painful memories are made. Because the proteins are unstable, they can be easily removed with drugs or behavior therapy to cut memories.
Researchers used mice to find the window, but think the process would be the same in humans. They used electric shocks to make the mice fear a certain sound. The sound triggered (觸發(fā)) the creation of the proteins, called calcium-permeable (鈣通透性) AMPARS, which formed for a day or two in the fear centers of the mice’s brains.
The researchers are working on ways to reopen the window by recalling (喚醒) the painful memory and using drugs to remove the protein. They published their report online last month in Science Express.
Their research has drawn interest and concern from experts in mental healthcare.
Kate Farinholt, a mental health expert with the National Alliance on Mental Illness, Maryland, US, said many people suffering from a painful event might benefit from erasing a memory. “Erasing a memory and then everything bad built on that is an amazing idea, and I can see all sorts of potential ,” she said.
But there are a lot of unanswered questions, too.
“Completely deleting a memory is a little scary. How do you remove a memory without removing a part of someone’s life,” Farinholt said. “And is it best to do that, considering that people grow and learn from their experiences?”
小題1:What have researchers at Johns Hopkins University found recently?  
A．A new drug to erase painful memories from human brains.
B．A special behavior therapy to erase painful memories.
C．Removing certain proteins from the brain can wipe painful memories.
D．Erasing memory damages a patient’s brain functions.
小題2:What makes it possible to erase painful memories according to Paragraph 4? 
A．The way the brain cells are created.
B．The unstable character of the proteins in the brain.
C．The strength of the signals the proteins send.
D．The drugs that can stop the formation of memories.
小題3:Which of the following shows the stages of the process done on mice? 
a. removal of fear proteins            b. making mice fear a certain sound
c. fear proteins created in mice brains   d. making mice recall painful memories
A．a(chǎn)-b-c-dB．d-a-c-bC．b-c-d-aD．c-b-d-a
小題4:What is Kate Farinholt’s opinion of the research? 
A．People may lose the chance to learn from their bad experiences.
B．The research will be a great breakthrough in treating painful memories.
C．People could suffer long-term memory loss.
D．People could forget happy memories as well.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

IQUIQUE, Chile (Reuters) — Rescue workers at the San Jose gold and copper mine in northern Chile had reason to sing this week. A small hole drilled into the earth became a passage to freedom for 33 trapped miners, who spent 69 days underground. “Never have people been trapped for so long so deeply,” says a doctor at NASA, the American space agency, which helped in the rescue.
But the chief medical officer for the miners said most are in good enough health to leave the hospital within a day or so. The first three recovered and went home Thursday night.
For much of the day the miners relaxed with Chilean President Sebastian Pinera. The 32 Chileans and 1 Bolivian still wore special sunglasses to protect their eyes.
A partial mine collapse on 5th August trapped them more than half a kilometer underground. They had to stretch a two-day food supply. For two weeks no one knew if they were alive or dead. Later, they received supplies.
The first miner rescued on Wednesday was Florencio Avalos. The second was Mario Sepulveda, who talked about how the experience tested his faith. The last miner up was Luis Urzua, who was the shift leader when his crew became trapped.
Rescuers used a metal cage to pull the miners to safety in less than 24 hours — faster than expected. The rescue capsule was a half-meter wide and known as the Phoenix, an imaginary bird from ancient stories. It bursts into flames but is continually reborn and rises from the ashes.
Chile’s Navy built the capsule with advice from mining experts and NASA engineers. It worked like an elevator, traveling up and down on a cable through a shaft（豎井）drilled 622 meters into the rocks.
Millions of people around the world watched the rescue. More than one thousand journalists traveled to the mine in the Atacama Desert to report on the rescue. They joined family members of the miners and rescue crews housed in an area of tents known as Camp Hope.
小題1:What would be the best title for the passage?
A．Rescued miners speak out
B．Miners’ life deep underground
C．A rebirth for 33 rescued miners in Chile
D．Chilean president honors rescued miners
小題2:How many rescued miners are still in hospital?
A．3.B．30.C．33.D．69.
小題3:We can infer from the passage that ______.
A．a(chǎn)ll the trapped miners are Chileans
B．the Chileans rescued the miners alone
C．the rescue caught the world’s attention
D．the trapped miners lived easily underground
小題4: Which of the following is true of the Phoenix?
A．It was a wooden cage like a capsule.
B．It worked efficiently in the rescue.
C．It was named after a real Chilean bird.
D．It was built by NASA engineers.
小題5:The rescue is great for the reason that ______.
A．33 trapped miners were saved
B．the American space agency took part
C．Chilean President was on the rescuing spot
D．it lasted so long and the miners were trapped so deep

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

About 809 primary school pupils from Southwest China’s quake-hit Sichuan Province arrived in eastern Shandong Province on a special train to attend classes there. The pupils, all from Leigu Township, Beichuan County, a badly-hit area in Sichuan, will study for about two months in schools in Shandong’s capital city of Jinan.
They have been arranged to study in four schools in Jinan and enjoy free schooling, food and accommodation. Each pupil would be given a monthly subsidy of 30 yuan. “To let them come to Jinan is not only for study, but also for recovery from the quake trauma (精神創(chuàng)傷).” said Zou Shiping, Jinan’s vice mayor. In Mingzhu Primary School in Jinan, a wall of pictures became a special way for the local pupils to welcome their friends from the quake zone. Dormitories were also specially decorated for them.
“This is the best meal that I have had for a long time.” a student from Wenchuan said after her first breakfast in the new place. Huang Zujie, Jinan Education Bureau’s deputy director, said, “We will let the children feel just as they are in their hometown.” Huang said the schools had invited chefs of Sichuan cuisine to let the pupils taste their familiar hometown meals. A second group of about 500 middle school students from Sichuan will soon come to Jinan for classes.
小題1:Where did those 809 primary school pupils arrive?
A．Hebei Province.B．Qing Dao.C．JinanD．Beichuan County.
小題2:Which statement below is RIGHT?
A. Students come to Jinan for study.
B. Students come to Jinan for recovery from the quake trauma.
C. Students come to Jinan for a visit.
D. Both A and B.
小題3:Which statement is NOT true according to the short passage?
A．The pupils needn’t pay for food and they will eat Shandong meals.
B．A second group of 500 middle school students from Sichuan will soon come to Jinan for classes.
C．Pupils from Leigu Township were arranged to study in four schools in Jinan.
D．Each pupil would be given a monthly subsidy of 30 yuan.
小題4:How many students from Sichuan Province will come to Jinan for classes altogether?
A. About 1,309.   About 809.       C. About 500.       D. About 2,000.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

CHICAGO （Reuters） - Smoking not only can wrinkle （起皺紋） the face and tarn it yellow—it can do the same to the whole body, researchers reported on Monday．
The study, published in the Archives of Dermatology, shows that smoking affects the skin all over the body—even skin protected from the sun．
"We examined non - facial skin that was protected from the sun, and found that the total number of packs of cigarettes smoked per day and the total years a person has smoked were linked with the amount of skin damage a person experienced," Dr．Yolanda Helfrich of the University of Michigan, who led the study, said in a statement．
"In participants older than 65 years, smokers had significantly more fine wrinkling than nonsmokers．Similar findings were seen in participants aged 45 to 65 years," Helfrich "s team added in their report．
The researchers tested 82 people, smokers and nonsmokers, taking pictures of the inner right arms． They ranged, in age from 22 to 91 and half were smokers．Independent judges decided how wrinkled each person' s skin was．
When skin is exposed to sunlight, notably the face, it becomes coarse, wrinkled and discolored with a pale yellow tint, Helfrich ' s team wrote．
Several previous studies have found that cigarette smoking contributes to premature（過早的）skin aging as measured by facial wrinkles, the study said, but little has been done to measure the aging of skin not exposed to light．
The report did not discuss die mechanism involved but previous research has found that cigarette smoke, among other things, causes blood vessels （血管） beneath the skin to constrict （緊縮）, reducing blood supply to the skin．
Smoking can also damage the connective tissue that supports both die skin and the internal organs,．
小題1:When your skin is exposed to sunlight long, it-becomes all of the following but _____．
A．flexibleB．coarseC．roughD．discolored
小題2:How wrinkled a person's skin is doesn't relate to _____．
A．the number of cigarettes a person smokes．
B．the kind and characteristics of skin
C．how long a person smokes
D．how long skin is under sunlight
小題3:From the passage smoking results in skin aging mainly because _____.
A．it will lower blood supply to skin
B．it can make you feel tired
C．it can make skin come off
D．it can make blood run faster
小題4:The main purpose of the passage is to _____．
A．inform people about the result of the study
B．a(chǎn)dvise people how to protect skin
C．warn people not to smoke again
D．introduce a new way of avoid skin aging

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。
E
It is reported that today in China, 50% of people who write blogs do so as a personal diary and 83% use their blogs for sending messages to friends. It is also found that there is a strong East-West difference. In places like the US, blogs that offer information on news attract more readers but in China, blogs are more likely to be about sharing personal feelings.
It seems that bloggers can be divided into three types: IT bloggers, bloggers who record their ordinary feelings and media bloggers.
When blogging first started, the IT people had the technological advantage and they took the chance to put their thoughts on the web. Some of these IT people read their blogs.
The next wave of bloggers did not have any training as writes or in IT and wrote about normal daily life. Media bloggers, however, are trained writers, such as journalists and editors. When the many media bloggers showed up, the everyday blogs lost most of their readers. Media bloggers have the advantage of knowing how to communicate well through the written word.
However, the normal bloggers are still out there and increasing in number. It seems that blogging is the new way to express your feelings. People feel like the world is listening to, or rather reading, their problems, even if they are not .
小題1:What type of text is this?
A．A blog.B．A diary.C．A news report.D．A school textbook.
小題2:What is the passage’s subject?
A．How many people in China blog.
B．How did blogging get started.
C．Different types of blogs and bloggers.
D．What media bloggers do.
小題3:How does the writers feel about the subject?
A．He/She feels strongly that blogging is a good thing.
B．He/She feels that there are lots of problems with blogging.
C．We can’t tell since he/she is not a blogger.
D．We can’t tell since he/she is just reporting facts.
小題4:What is the writer’s tone?
A．Humorous and light-hearted.B．Serious and factual.
C．Conversational.D．Informal.

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

MIANYANG—At a corner of the city’s Jiuzhou Stadium, one of the biggest camps set up for those left homeless in the earthquake, 62-year-old Liu Yaorong was leaning against a window on Thursday.
Pointing to a quilt and clothes he received from the local government, he said: “These are all I have. My home collapsed in the quake, and everything in the town was flooded.”
He used to live in Xuanping town of Beichuan county which was destroyed by the quake. Adding to his misery, rivers blocked by landslides(山崩) led to flooding in the town.
But Liu said he was lucky because he was healthy, otherwise he would not have the energy to walk 10 hours on damaged and dangerous mountainous roads to escape the flood on Monday. He said the trip used to take him about 90 minutes when the roads were in good condition.
The journey was difficult and “rocks kept falling,” he said, showing injured legs and black, split toenails.
Liu said his three sons were working in eastern cities as migrant workers.
“I’ve been living alone in the mountains for more than 20 years. My wife died 30 years ago,” he said in a low voice.
During his journey to Mianyang, Liu said he saw many elderly people who chose to stay.
“Soldiers were persuading them to leave for fear of floods,” he said.
Talking about his home before the quake struck, Liu’s mood lifted. “I raised pigs and chickens, and grew vegetables. I could have rice, meat and greens almost every day,” he said.
“But now, I have only biscuits and instant noodles.”
Liu said one of his sons returned home from Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, after the quake, but left because the father refused to go with him.
“I don’t want to leave home. And I know it is difficult for them out there. How could I add to their burden?” he asked, his eyes red.
“I still want to go back to my home. Given a small piece of land, I could live by myself.”
It is learnt that resettlement plans for displaced people have not been finalized.
However, not every elderly person is as strong-willed as Liu.
Psychologists said the elderly need as much comfort as children. Lu Jianguo, a psychologist from Chengdu Medical College, said “We will first let them cry and tell their stories, and then help them regain confidence.”
小題1:Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?
A．Liu Yaorong spent 8.5 hours more than usual covering the roads in escaping the flood.
B．The flood was followed by an earthquake in Xuanping in the same day.
C．Liu Yaorong was in time to escape the quake without being hurt.
D．Being healthy, Liu Yaorong was the only old man to escape the flood.
小題2:The underlined word “ misery  ”in the third paragraph most probably means “      ”.
A．happinessB．fortuneC．puzzleD．suffering
小題3:What’s Liu Yaorong’s attitude towards self-relief after the earthquake?
A．Positive.B．Negative.C．Aggressive.D．Dependent.
小題4: What would be the best title for the news report?
A．Elderly react more quickly to flood disaster
B．Elderly try hard to deal with quake disaster
C．Elderly prefer to stay at their own home
D．Elderly are well cared for by government

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

This is news on the Hour, Ed Wilson reporting. The president and First Lady will visit Africa on a goodwill tour in May. They plan to visit eight African countries.
Reports from Chinese want close ties between China and the US and Western Europe. A group of top Chinese scientists start in ten-nation tour next month.
Here in Miami, the mayor is still meeting with the leaders of the Teachers’ Union to try to find a way to end the strike. City schools are still closed after two weeks.
In news about health, scientists in California report findings of a relationship between the drinking of coffee and the increase of heart disease among women.  According to the report in the American Medical Journal (雜志), the five-year study shows this: Women who drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than women who do not.
In sports, the Chargers lost again last night. The BBS beat them 1 to nothing. The Wingers had better results. They beat the Rifles 7 to 3. It was their first win of their last five matches. That’s the news of the Hour. And now back to more easy listening with Jan Singer.
小題1:To improve the ties between China and the US and Western Europe, China ______.
A．will send a group of Chinese scientists to visit the US and. Western Europe
B．has expressed its strong wishes
C．will send some scientists to visit the US only
D．has given many reports to improve the ties
小題2:From the news in Miami we know ______.
A．a(chǎn) peaceful way will soon be found
B．students can’t go into the school because the classrooms are locked
C．students haven’t been to school for two weeks
D．the teachers’ strike will last long
小題3:The news about health tells us that ______.
A．no heart disease will be found if people don’t drink coffee
B．no one should drink more than two cups of coffee a day
C．the more coffee people drink, the more chance they’ll get to have heart disease
D．women’s heart disease has something to do with their drinking coffee
小題4:From the last news we do not know ______.
A．the results of the two matches
B．the number of the teams which played last night
C．how many wins the BBS has had altogether
D．the Wingers played against the Rifles

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科目：高中英語 來源：不詳 題型：閱讀理解

Weather Report
(8:00 a.m. December 17—8:00 a.m. December 18)
Influenced by a cold front northern Xinjiang, the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, and the northern and eastern parts of Heilongjiang are expected to experience light snow today. Drizzle (小雨) is forecast for most areas of Sichuan and western coastal areas of South China. Northerly winds of force 4-6 are expected to affect western and southwestern Inner Mongolia, and most parts of Northeast China while northerly winds of force 5-7 will sweep across the Bohai Sea, the northern parts of the Yellow Sea, East China Sea, the Taiwan Straits, and the central and northern parts of the South China Sea.
Weather forecast for major Chinese cities
City
Max(℃)℃C)
Min(℃)
Weather
Beijing
10
－2
clear
Changchun
0
－6
clear
Changsha
19
5
clear
Chengdu
9
4
drizzle
Chongqing
10
5
overcast
Dalian
12
3
clear
Fuzhou
18
－12
cloudy
Guangzhou
23
15
cloudy
Guilin
19
4
clear
Haikou
19
14
overcast
Hangzhou
18
5
clear
Harbin
－3
－8
clear
Hong Kong
21
16
cloudy
Jinan
14
3
-?: ;;.;;:;,.:-,-,;.,
clear
^A-^ ^.-,.-.1
 
小題1:According to the weather report, we know it doesn’t rain in many areas except ______.
A．XinjiangB．Qinghai-TibetC．HeilongjiangD．Chengdu
小題2:From December 17 to December 18, if you go to ______, you may be caught in the snow.
A．Northern Xinjiang and TibetB．Sichuan and South China
C．Inner Mongolia and HeilongjiangD．Qinghai and Sichuan
小題3:On December 17, the East China Sea will be swept by ______.
A．a(chǎn) cold frontB．light snow
C．northerly winds of force 4-6D．northerly winds of force 5-7
小題4:The temperature in Harbin Min(℃) is ___ lower than that in Guangzhou Min(℃).
A．23B．31 C．26D．7

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