Question

For many years there’s been a debate about rewarding our children. Does it work? Is it effective?

Some people think we should establish a standard with our kids and give them something for meeting this standard as a reward. Punishment is given out in much the same way, but it’s used when certain standards of performance, behavior, etc. have not been met. Kids will often become more dutiful when threatened with punishment, and work harder when promised a valuable reward. The problem is what happens when you aren’t around.

To develop responsible, self-disciplined kids, parents need to promote certain ideas. One of these ideas is that everyone pitches in and helps in your family. Another idea is that there can be enjoyment in doing any task if we choose to make it so. When a task is for a worthy cause ( our family can enjoy the house more because I helped clean it), this message can have a big impact.

This is how we help our kids develop a sense of responsibility. When our children develop this responsibility, they’ll be more disciplined, and they’ll control their emotions better. When we give rewards to our kids, we reduce the sense of responsibility. We also create children who may temporarily perform to a certain standard, but who aren’t likely to continue the performance without the carrot hanging in front of them.

“Rewards and punishment can change behavior for a while, but they cannot change the person who engages in the behavior,” said Alfie Kohn, author of Punished by Rewards. “Good values have to be grown from the inside out.” Parents can help give their children a sense of shared responsibility and discipline which can last a life time. The real rewards that your children receive will be their readiness for the complex and demanding world that waits for them—a world that rewards those who have learned the secrets of discipline responsibility. So keep those shiny rewarding to yourself, and let your kids find their own rewards.

1.According to the passage, when children are threatened with punishment, ______ .

A. they may lose interest in their work

B. they may appear to be well-behaved

C. they may change to another person

D. the results will be worse than usual

2.What can we know from Paragraph 3?

A. Parents should promote certain ideas to help children develop.

B. Children should be responsible for their discipline.

C. Children should help build a good family atmosphere.

D. No children will adapt to society without their parents’ help

3.The underlined part “the carrot” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to _____.

A. rewards B. aims

C. apologies D. doubts

4.According to the passage, Alfie Kohn would agree that parents should ______.

A. never pay attention to the way their children do things

B. show their children how to behave by example

C. never punish their children

D. help their children establish good values

5.What’s the best title for the passage?

A. Do you often reward your children?

B. Should parents reward their children?

C. When should parents reward their children?

D. What can parents reward their children with?

Answer 1

1.B

2.A

3.A

4.D

5.B

【解析】

試題分析：本篇文章主要對在培養(yǎng)孩子成長的過程中，父母是否應(yīng)該多獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)孩子這一話題進(jìn)行了討論，并給出了不同人的不同觀點(diǎn)。最后指出父母對孩子最好的獎(jiǎng)賞是讓孩子們自己學(xué)會(huì)看清世界，自己學(xué)會(huì)如何自律。

1.由第二段“Kids will often become more dutiful when threatened with punishment”可知，當(dāng)孩子們收到懲罰時(shí)，他們會(huì)表現(xiàn)得更加安分，更乖順。故選B。

2.歸納段意題。文中第三段第一句“To develop responsible, self-disciplined kids, parents need to promote certain ideas”指出為了培養(yǎng)孩子的責(zé)任心和自律能力，父母應(yīng)該改善自己的某些想法。接下來這段都是圍繞父母改進(jìn)自己教育孩子的方法展開，所以應(yīng)選A。

3.詞義猜測題。根據(jù)“We also create children who may temporarily perform to a certain standard, but who aren’t likely to continue the performance without the carrot hanging in front of them. ” 可知，就算沒有這些獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)放在孩子們的面前，我們還是可以培養(yǎng)孩子養(yǎng)成良好的習(xí)慣，擁有良好的品質(zhì)。所以這里的carrot就是指上文中的rewards。所以選擇A。

4.理解題。從Alfie Kohn所說的話“Rewards and punishment can change behavior for a while, but they cannot change the person who engages in the behavior,” 和 “Good values have to be grown from the inside out.”中可以看出Alfie Kohn認(rèn)為獎(jiǎng)賞和懲罰只能改變孩子們的外在表現(xiàn)，而不能改變他們的內(nèi)在行為。而一種優(yōu)秀的品格是需要從內(nèi)開始培養(yǎng)的，所以父母是需要從內(nèi)在出發(fā)，培養(yǎng)孩子的內(nèi)在品質(zhì)。故選D。

5.

考點(diǎn)：考查議論文閱讀