Question

【題目】 More cycling, better public transport and car bans...Places all over the world are taking a range of measures to lower traffic pollution.

Paris

Paris bans cars in many historic central districts on weekends, places odd-even (單雙日的) bans on vehicles，makes public transport free during major pollution events and encourages car-sharing programs. A long section of the right bank of the river Seine is now car-free and a monthly ban on cars has come into force along the Champs-Elysees.

The Netherlands

Politicians want to ban the sale of all petrol cars from 2025, allowing only electric or hydrogen vehicles. The new law will allow anyone who already owns a petrol car to continue using it. Most cities encourage bicycle use.

Freiburg

Freiburg in Germany has 500km of bike routes and a cheap and efficient public transport system. One town, Vauban, forbids people to park near homes and makes car-owners pay $18,000 for a space on the edge of town in return for living without a car. People are offered cheaper housing, free public transport, and plentiful bicycle spaces.

Curitiba

The southern Brazilian city of two million people has one of the biggest and lowest-cost bus systems in the world. Nearly 70% of its people go to work by public transport and the result is pollution-free air and traffic-free streets.

Copenhagen

Copenhagen prioritizes (優(yōu)先考慮) bikes over cars and now has more cycles than people. The city calculates that one mile on a bike is worth $0.42 to society, while one mile in a car is a $0.2 loss. Large parts of the Danish capital have been closed to vehicles for decades.

【1】What will happen in Paris during major pollution events?

A.Historic central districts won’t allow cars in.

B.Car-sharing programs will raise money publicly.

C.People must obey the odd-even traffic restrictions on weekends.

D.People can take public transport free of charge.

【2】From 2025, the Netherlands will ________.

A.put 500km of bike routes into full use

B.only allow the sale of electric or hydrogen vehicles

C.completely forbid the use of petrol cars

D.own the biggest and lowest-cost bus system in the world

【3】Which of the following cities attach great importance to cycling?

A.Freiburg and CopenhagenB.Park and Curitiba

C.Paris and FreiburgD.Curitiba and Copenhagen

Answer 1

【答案】

【1】D

【2】B

【3】A

【解析】

這是一篇說(shuō)明文。本文主要告訴我們?nèi)�世界的各個(gè)地方都在采取各種各樣的措施降低交通污染，然后分別列舉了巴黎、荷蘭、弗萊堡、庫(kù)里提巴以及哥本哈根這幾個(gè)城市為此采取的具體措施。

【1】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中Paris bans cars in many historic central districts on weekends, places odd-even (單雙日的) bans on vehicles, makes public transport free during major pollution events and encourages car-sharing programs.可知，巴黎在許多歷史悠久的中心區(qū)禁止汽車在周末出行，對(duì)車輛實(shí)行單雙號(hào)限行，在重大污染事件期間實(shí)行公共交通免費(fèi)，并鼓勵(lì)汽車共享計(jì)劃。由此可知，重大污染事件發(fā)生時(shí)，巴黎的人們可以免費(fèi)乘坐公共交通工具。故選D。

【2】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中Politicians want to ban the sale of all petrol cars from 2025, allowing only electric or hydrogen vehicles.可知，政客們希望從2025年起禁止所有汽油汽車的銷售，只允許電動(dòng)或氫動(dòng)力汽車。由此可知，從2025年開(kāi)始，荷蘭將只允許銷售電動(dòng)或氫動(dòng)力汽車。故選B。

【3】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中Freiburg in Germany has 500km of bike routes and a cheap and efficient public transport system.可知，德國(guó)弗萊堡有500公里的自行車道和廉價(jià)高效的公共交通系統(tǒng)。以及最后一段中Copenhagen prioritizes (優(yōu)先考慮) bikes over cars and now has more cycles than people.可知，哥本哈根更重視自行車而不是汽車，現(xiàn)在自行車比人還多。由此可知，弗萊堡和哥本哈根非常重視騎自行車。故選A。

文章主題和中心思想的闡述往往需要大量細(xì)節(jié)信息的支持，這些細(xì)節(jié)對(duì)于理解全文內(nèi)容至關(guān)重要，同時(shí)也是歸納和概括文章中心思想的基礎(chǔ)。命題人往往會(huì)要求考生根據(jù)不同的要求閱讀文章，以獲得某些特定的信息，或準(zhǔn)確地尋求所需的細(xì)節(jié)，并對(duì)細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行直接或間接辨認(rèn)和理解。文章細(xì)節(jié)的理解可以細(xì)化為：（1）一一對(duì)應(yīng)型。（2）語(yǔ)言轉(zhuǎn)述型。（3）語(yǔ)意理解型。（4）是非辨別型。（5）事實(shí)排序型。

如第二小題一一對(duì)應(yīng)型，根據(jù)第三段中Politicians want to ban the sale of all petrol cars from 2025, allowing only electric or hydrogen vehicles.可知政客們希望從2025年起禁止所有汽油汽車的銷售，只允許電動(dòng)或氫動(dòng)力汽車。由此可知，從2025年開(kāi)始，荷蘭將只允許銷售電動(dòng)或氫動(dòng)力汽車。故選B。