16．The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past．With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphones，writing by hand has become something of a nostalgic （懷舊的） skill．However，while today's educators are using more and more technology in their teaching，many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful-both in school and in life．
Virginia Berninger，professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington，says it's important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand．
Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks-both on a computer and by hand．The study，published in 2015，found that when writing with a pen and paper，participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate．
In a more recent study，Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student's writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to how well they can write．"Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active，which helps us access our vocabulary，word meaning and concepts．It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas．"Berninger said．
Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe （轉(zhuǎn)換）"those words in the mind into written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen，"the study said．Seeing the words in the"mind's eye"helps children not only to turn their ideas into words，says Berninger，but also to spot （發(fā)現(xiàn)） spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over time．
"In our computer age，some people believe that we don't have to teach spelling because we have spell checks，"she said．"But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level，they won't have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer．"
28．What makes writing by hand a thing of the past？B
A．The absence of blackboards in classrooms．
B．The use of new technologies in our daily life．
C．The lack of practice in handwriting．
D．The popular use of smartphones．
29．Berninger's study published in 2015A．
A．focused on the difference between writing by hand and on a computer
B．indicated that students prefer to write with a pen and paper
C．found that good essays are made up of long sentences
D．discussed the importance of writing speed
30．Which of the following best shows the role of spelling？B
A．Spelling improves one's memory of words．
B．Spelling ability is closely related to writing ability．
C．Spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas．
D．Spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas．
31．What conclusion could be drawn from the passage？C
A．Computers can help people with their choice of words．
B．Spelling checks can take the place of spelling teaching．
C．Handwriting still has a place in today's classrooms．
D．Functional spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade．
分析 本文是一篇說明文．講述的是隨著電腦和智能手機(jī)等新技術(shù)的到來，手寫這一技能在當(dāng)今的形勢．文章還多次引用了Virginia Berninger和她同事的研究結(jié)果以及她的觀點，最后得出了"手寫在如今的課堂上仍有一定的地位"的結(jié)論．
解答 28．B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文章的第一段：The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the past．With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphones，writing by hand has become something of a nostalgic （懷舊的） skill．學(xué)生們不斷地從黑板上抄寫字母和句子的實踐已經(jīng)成為過去式了．隨著電腦和智能手機(jī)等新技術(shù)的到來，手寫已成為一種懷舊的技能．由這句話可知是因為我們生活中新科技的使用導(dǎo)致了"手寫"成為了過去式．再根據(jù)題中選項可知B項準(zhǔn)確，故選B．
29．A 細(xì)節(jié)理解題．根據(jù)文中第二段：Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks-both on a computer and by hand．The study，published in 2015，Berninger和她的同事進(jìn)行了一項觀察學(xué)生分別在計算機(jī)上和用手完成各種寫作任務(wù)的能力的研究．這個研究結(jié)果出版于2015年．在結(jié)合題中問題可知A項正確，故選A．
30．B 推斷理解題．根據(jù)文中第三段："Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active，which helps us access our vocabulary，word meaning and concepts．It is allowing our written language to connect with ideas．"Berninger said．"拼寫使一些大腦的思考部分活躍，這有助于我們使用我們的詞匯，詞的意義和概念這讓我們的書面語言連接到思想．"Berninger說．在結(jié)合題中選項，可知B項更符合提議，故選B．
31．C 主旨大意題．根據(jù)文章第二段：Virginia Berninger，professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington，says it's important to continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand．和最后一段In our computer age，some people believe that we don't have to teach spelling because we have spell checks，"she said．"But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level，they won't have the knowledge to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer．"可知：手寫在如今的課堂上仍有一定的地位．故選C．
點評 考點：本文考察學(xué)生的說明文的閱讀理解水平，需要學(xué)生認(rèn)真閱讀原文，仔細(xì)查找文中細(xì)節(jié)，對文章脈絡(luò)有整體的了解，并能根據(jù)文章進(jìn)行合理推斷．
