[l] Scientists guess that 80% of a person's weight gain comes from genetics and 20% comes from the person's environment. By 1998, more than 130 genes and gene neighbors were found to have some link to weight gain or weight loss in people. These different genes can either work all together or work in groups. This means that different people may ___________________or lose weight with difficulty for different reasons.
[2] One example of these different kinds of combinations is a family of genes that allows people to change extra fat into heat instead of storing the fat in the body. Animals which have this same family of genes do not gain weight easily as other animals. Other genes may affect how quickly the stomach lets the brain know that it is full. If these genes slow down the passage of this information, people may eat more than they really need. Genes are also thought to be linked with a person’s fidgets in a day. Fidgeting is small movements of a person's hands, feet, arms or legs usually when the person is nervous or excited. Fidgeting actually uses a lot of energy over a day and his energy usually comes from burning fat.
[3] In one experiment about weight gain, researchers wanted to see how much energy different people used when they were resting. People in the experiment were asked to lie on a bed and not move for 40 minutes. Researchers then measured the energy the person used for breathing. They found that different people in the study used very different amounts of energy for this one job, breathing. Researchers calculated that some people in the study burned 1,067 calories per day while others burned up to 3,015 calories. Those people who burn fewer calories doing normal work or exercise have a slow metabolism(新陳代謝).
小題1:What is the main idea of this passage? ( no more than 10 words. )
                                                                   
小題2:When may people eat much more than they really need ? ( no more than 12 words )
____________________________________________________________________
小題3:Please fill in the blank in the first paragraph with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence. (no more than 5 words. )
                                                                   
小題4:What’s the conclusion of the experiment? ( no more than 15 words. )
                                                                   
小題5:What does the underlined word "it" (in Paragraph 2) probably refer to? (no more than 3 words)
                                                                 

小題1:The relation between gene and weight gain.
小題2:When the genes don’t pass the information to the brain on time./  When the genes slow down the information to the brain.
小題3:gain weight easily/put on weight easily/ become fat easily
小題4:In general, different people burn up different amount of calories every day.
小題5:the stomach

試題分析：文章主要講解了科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)基因與增肥之間的關系。
小題1:整篇文章從第一段中可以看出，文章主要講解了科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)基因與增肥之間的關系。即The relation between gene and weight gain.
小題2:從第二自然段If these genes slow down the passage of this information, people may eat more than they really need. 可知，當基因沒有及時傳遞信息給大腦時，即When the genes don’t pass the information to the brain on time./  When the genes slow down the information to the brain.
小題3:后文講到了對于增肥與基因之間的關系，科學家做了實驗，所以可知，這里填gain weight easily/put on weight easily/ become fat easily句意：這意味著不同的人增肥或減肥很困難是因為不同的原因。
小題4:從最后一段知，不同個人每天消耗卡路里是不同的，即In general, different people burn up different amount of calories every day.
小題5:從第二段知，別的基因會對胃是否飽了這樣的信息傳遞速度產(chǎn)生影響，故it指代the stomach
點評：說明文是高考必考題型，此類題型比較好解答，在答題過程中注意結合題目在文章中找到答案的位置，注意字數(shù)方面的限制。 同時，如果字數(shù)過多可以將修飾成分去掉，只留主干部分。
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