【題目】 GPS has completely transformed how we get around. But other animals have long had their navigation (導(dǎo)航) systems built right in --- like ants and bees.
“We know their eyes are quite sensitive to polarized light (偏振光), and the sky has a particular pattern of polarized light, connected with the position of the sun.” says Barbara Webb, a bioroboticist at the University of Edinburgh. You can see polarized light firsthand if you take a pair of polarized sunglasses and spin them against the sky --- the light passing through the lenses changes. Webb says the insects have polarization like that built into flat sides of their compound eyes. “You can think of it as the equal of having a little polarization directional filter (濾鏡) over them or lots of sunglasses pointed in different directions.”
But Webb was curious about whether there's really enough information in the sky to give insects an accurate sense of direction. So her team built a sensor modeled after a desert ant eye and put it under artificial light meant to simulate the sky. They then fed that sensor input into a model meant to copy the brains of desert ants and other insects with a sky compass. And they found that with the insects' natural sensing and processing equipment, they can likely sense compass direction down to just a couple degrees of error.
A system based on that of insects could someday be a cheap, low-energy alternative to GPS. “Insects have very tiny brains, a brain that's using hardly any energy. And yet they're still able to navigate better than we can with GPS, which is a huge system.” Webb is now working on building a robot that can, like the desert ant, use light to get its direction. Although after sundown, it may have to ask for directions.
【1】What make(s) it possible for ants and bees to sense the direction?
A.Flat eyes.B.Polarization.
C.A directional filter.D.Polarized sunglasses.
【2】Why did Webb and her team build a sensor?
A.To copy the brains of desert ants.
B.To model after the desert ant eye.
C.To satisfy their desire for answers.
D.To test an accurate sense of direction.
【3】What is the future navigation system supposed to do?
A.To save energy.B.To be a substitute for GPS.
C.To guide the blind.D.To help GPS work better.
【4】What is the main purpose of the passage?
A.To introduce an invention.
B.To praise a scientific achievement.
C.To present new scientific findings.
D.To encourage people to learn science.
【答案】
【1】B
【2】C
【3】B
【4】C
【解析】
這是一篇說明文。文章通過對像螞蟻、蜜蜂等昆蟲的準確的方向感的研究,提到了基于此項內(nèi)容進行的一項新的研究結(jié)果:昆蟲內(nèi)置的感知和處理設(shè)備,使得昆蟲的方向感的誤差很小,而天空就是它們的指南針。
【1】
細節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合文章第一段Webb says the insects have polarization like that built into flat sides of their compound eyes. “You can think of it as the equal of having a little polarization directional filter (濾鏡) over them or lots of sunglasses pointed in different directions.Webb says the insects have polarization like that built into flat sides of their compound eyes.” 如果你拿起一副偏振光太陽鏡,將其對著天空旋轉(zhuǎn),你可以親眼看到偏振光——穿過鏡片的光線會發(fā)生變化。韋伯表示,這些昆蟲復(fù)眼的小平面內(nèi)就有偏振現(xiàn)象。據(jù)此,可以得出,螞蟻、蜜蜂等昆蟲感知方向的可能是靠偏振來定方向的。故選B項。
【2】
細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞可以定位到文章第二段第二句So her team built a sensor modeled after a desert ant eye and put it under artificial light meant to simulate the sky. 所以她的團隊模仿沙漠螞蟻的眼睛制作了一個傳感器,并把它放在模擬天空的人造光下。結(jié)合前一句But Webb was curious about whether there's really enough information in the sky to give insects an accurate sense of direction. 但是韋伯很好奇,天空中是否真的有足夠的信息,來給昆蟲準確的方向感?芍,為了來滿足他們對答案的渴望。韋伯和他的團隊制作了傳感器。故選C項。
【3】
細節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合最后一段第一句A system based on that of insects could someday be a cheap, low-energy alternative to GPS. 基于昆蟲這種原理而建立的系統(tǒng),有一天可能成為GPS廉價且低能耗的替代品。可知,將來的導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)將取代GPS。故選B項。
【4】
推理判斷題。結(jié)合全文來看,文章通過對像螞蟻、蜜蜂等昆蟲的準確的方向感的研究,提到了基于此項內(nèi)容進行的一項新的研究結(jié)果:昆蟲內(nèi)置的感知和處理設(shè)備,使得昆蟲的方向感的誤差很小,而天空就是它們的指南針。由此判斷出短文的目的是展示新的科學發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選C項。
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刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
注意:1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
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In recent years,campus security have become a hot topic. In Safety Education Day,I was honored to be a volunteer raise the primary school students' awareness of safety. I told those students about things what they should never do. For an example,don't fly a kite near electrical wires or play with fire-fighting equipments. While in school,never run up and down the stairs. In addition, clean windows without any means of protection is also dangerously. I hoped these tips will help they avoid danger.
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Apple Music
This is the first year you can use Apple Music to listen to holiday songs. Apple Music has more than 30 million songs and is available in over 100 countries.
Tell voice assistant Siri to "play holiday music" to open the music program on your iPhone, iPad or Apple TV. Apple Music app is available in the Google Play store, but not with voice assistant.
For the first three months, you can use it for free. After that, users have to pay a subscription fee.
Googdle Play Music
Google Play Music is also in the holiday spirit. Go to the Google Play Music Holiday page and search for "holiday music. "
Google Play Music in available for free if you don’t mind the advertisements. If you do, buy a paid subscription(訂閱費)to avoid them. Google Play Music offers more than 30 million songs from 58 countries.
Tune In Radio
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【3】What does paragraph 4 mainly focus on?
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B.Hotels offering travelling consultations.
C.Companies offering DNA testing and analysis.
D.Travel operators providing services to trace theroots.
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增加:在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯的詞下劃一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。
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I was reading an article in a newspaper when I came across a word I don’t know. “Dad, would you explain with me what the word ostensibly means?” My dad, as he more often did after works, was watching his favorite show. He replied immediate, “You have a dictionary don’t you? Just help yourself.” Without look at my face, he continued enjoying my show. I went back to my room, on my study table was that dictionary, what Dad bought me as a birthday gift. I will remember a lesson Dad taught me forever: Help myself all the time.
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【題目】閱讀下面材料, 根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段,使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。續(xù)寫的詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。
Danger at Scituate Lighthouse
Rebecca stood by her father, looking out the windows of Scituate Lighthouse. Low sand dunes(沙丘) with sea grass topped the Massachusetts beach. There were no clouds in the sky—nothing at all to give warning of the danger that was sailing toward them.
"Now, Rebecca, " Mr. Bates began, gazing out across the open sea, "I want you and Abigail to help your mother and take care of things while I go to town for food and supplies. I won’t be gone long. "
"We’ll help, " Rebecca promised.
"I know I can count on you. "
Still, Mr. Bates looked a little worried about leaving the lighthouse. After all, peace between the US and the UK had not yet been declared, even though the war of 1812 was nearly over. Although English warships used to frequently attack towns along the coast—including Scituate—no English soldiers had been sighted for a long time. Besides, Rebecca thought as she watched her father set off, the family would soon starve if he didn’t go for food.
Her father hadn’t been gone long when Rebecca happened to look out the window at the ocean. What she saw nearly made her heart stop. It was an enemy ship: a small, light-gunned British warship. Calling for her mother, she grabbed her father’s telescope and could just make out the name painted on the side: La Hogue.
Rebecca, Abigail, and their mother stood together, frightened, as they watched the ship sail closer. Mother told the girls to watch the ship while she tried to sound the alarm and warn the home guard in the nearby village. The girls watched helplessly as the great ship drew near. Two small boats were lowered off the side, and Rebecca knew the boats would come ashore quickly.
It was time to run. As they ran down the lighthouse stairs, Rebecca suddenly stopped when she saw her fife(橫笛). Oh my! She thought. It just might work… Rebecca grabbed the fife and the drum(鼓) that Abigail had been learning to play.
Paragraph 1:
She and her sister hurried out of the lighthouse and over to the large sand dunes that lay behind it.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Paragraph 2:
The English soldiers looked nervously at one another—the music of “Yankee Doodle” had to be coming from the confident American soldiers.
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【題目】 We just waved goodbye to this year's Mother's Day.【1】, but there are still things you might not know about Mother's Day.
The founder fought back.
Although Julia Ward Howe first suggested a day for mothers, Anna Jarvis campaigned for a national day for moms, in memory of her own mother, Ann Jarvis, who had spent years working to provide resources for poor mothers in West Virginia.【2】, but within a few years, Jarvis became annoyed with how commercial the day had become and started a petition(請愿)to cancel the holiday.(That clearly didn't come to pass.)
It is an active day on the phone lines.
【3】. One study suggests that the more widespread use of cell phones has greatly increased the amount of contact adult children have with their mothers. So don't be lazy: your mom definitely expects to receive your call, and not just with a text message.
【4】
If you're thinking about taking your mom out to eat, you might want to consider which time of the day will have enough open tables. Mother's Day is the busiest day of the year for restaurants, with some 80 million adults dining out, which tops even Valentine's Day. Therefore, if you'd like to treat your mom to her favorite cuisine, go earlier on that day.
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A.Mother's Day became an official holiday in 1914
B.Their devotion deserves your attention and respect
C.Some of you may find that day not new to you at all
D.Some of you might have forgotten to send greetings
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